research (2)research (2).pdf

Panax Notoginseng Root Rot: A Comprehensive Data Report
人参根腐病：全面数据报告

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of Panax notoginseng root rot, drawing upon available data to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms, spatiotemporal dynamics, prediction systems, and potential control strategies.
本报告深入探讨了人参根腐病的多方面问题，利用现有数据阐明了病原机制、时空动态、预测系统以及潜在的控制策略。

Pathogenic Mechanisms Research
病原机制研究

This section focuses on the underlying causes and progression of Panax notoginseng root rot, which is a significant threat to the cultivation of this valuable medicinal plant, with incidence rates ranging from 5% to 20% [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/
本部分重点研究了人参根腐病的成因和进展，这是一种对这种珍贵药用植物栽培构成重大威胁的疾病，发病率从 5%到 20%不等。
edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%A0%B9%E8
The disease can be triggered by bacterial or fungal pathogens. It manifests through a variety of symptoms, including taproot browning and rotting, decay of fibrous roots, hollow stems, leaf withering, and reduced water content [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/
该病可以由细菌或真菌病原体引发。症状包括主根变褐腐烂、须根腐烂、茎腔空心、叶片枯萎和水分含量降低。[3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/
edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%A0%B9%E8

Pathogen Dynamics Data 病原体动力学数据

Fusarium species are frequently identified as major fungal pathogens, including F . oxysporum, F. solani, and F. striatum. Hyonectria mors-panacis is another significant fungal contributor, especially in rusty root rot. Several other fungal and bacterial pathogens have been identified, such as Pythium vexans, Chryseobacterium indologenes, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Key pathogens of Panax notoginseng root rot include Fusarium oxysporum [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/ edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%83%E6%A0%B9%E8%85%90%E7 and Bacillus [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/ edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8E16SrDNA%E5%BA%8F%E5%88
镰刀菌属经常被识别为重要的真菌病原体，包括 F. oxysporum、F. solani 和 F. striatum。Hyonectria mors-panacis 是另一种在腐烂根部中特别重要的真菌病原体，尤其是在锈根腐病中。已经鉴定出几种其他真菌和细菌病原体，如 Pythium vexans、Chryseobacterium indologenes 和 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia。Panax notoginseng 根腐病的关键病原体包括 Fusarium oxysporum [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/ edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/三三九和 Bacillus [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/ edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/基于 16SrDNA 顺序

Research has revealed the diversity of culturable bacteria in the rotting roots of P . notoginseng. These bacteria can be classified into eight groups:
研究揭示了 Panax notoginseng 腐烂根部中可培养细菌的多样性。

Bacillus (22.47%)
Achromobacter (5.62%)
Stenotrophomonas (5.62%)
费氏假单胞菌 (5.62%)
Paenibacillus (4.49%) 氨短小杆菌 (4.49%)
Sphingobacterium (1.12%)
沙氏鞘菌 (1.12%)
Ochrobactrum (1.12%) 褐单胞菌 (1.12%)
Acinetobacter (1.12%) 阿氏菌属 (1.12%)
Some bacterial genera in Enterobacteriaceae (58.43%) [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/ edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8E16SrDNA%E5%BA%
一些肠杆菌科的细菌属 (58.43%) [3185b76a-5f4b-4a40-a6e4-7c42e050e14b/ edc648c8-9381-4a75-8db6-4c34c1dc8c32/%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8E16SrDNA%E5%BA%

Antagonist Interaction Data
抗生素交互作用数据

Several types of antagonists can be used, including Trichoderma species (e.g., T. hamatum), Burkholderia species (e.g., B. arboris PN-1, B. stabilis) and Bacillus species. An in-vitro test showed that Trichoderma hamatum had substantial inhibition rates between 66-71% [frontiersin.org].
可以使用几种类型的抗生素，包括 Trichoderma 属（例如 T. hamatum），Burkholderia 属（例如 B. arboris PN-1，B. stabilis）和 Bacillus 属。一项体外测试表明，Trichoderma hamatum 具有显著的抑制率，介于 66-71%之间 [ frontiersin.org].

Environmental Driver Data
环境驱动数据

Environmental factors such as soil moisture, temperature, rainfall, and light levels significantly influence the development and spread of root rot [frontiersin.org, mdpi.com, exlibrisgroup.com, nih.gov, oup.com, tandfonline.com, researchgate.net, ingentaconnect.com]. Soil moisture should be kept at

75 %

95 %

field capacity. High light levels and a lack of crop rotation can also increase the chances of root rot [asm.org, frontiersin.org, mdpi.com, cabidigitallibrary.org, nih.gov, techscience.com, researchgate.net].
土壤湿度、温度、降雨量和光照水平等环境因素显著影响根腐病的发生和发展 [ frontiersin.org, mdpi.com, exlibrisgroup.com, nih.gov, oup.com, tandfonline.com, researchgate.net, ingentaconnect.com]。土壤湿度应保持在

75 %

至

95 %

土壤田间持水量之间。高光照水平和缺乏作物轮作也会增加根腐病的发生几率 [ asm.org, frontiersin.org, mdpi.com, cabidigitallibrary.org, nih.gov, techscience.com, researchgate.net]。

Spatiotemporal Modeling Research
空间时间建模研究

Understanding the distribution and transmission of pathogens is crucial for developing effective disease management strategies.
了解病原体的分布和传播对于制定有效的病害管理策略至关重要。

Population Distribution Data
人口分布数据

Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani are the main pathogens of P. notoginseng root rot. Illumina sequencing has shown that Ilyonectria is the predominant genus in symptomatic samples (76-80%) [apsnet.org, caass.org.cn, frontiersin.org, cabidigitallibrary.org, nih.gov, techscience.com, researchgate.net].
Fusarium oxysporum 和 Fusarium solani 是人参根腐病的主要病原体。Illumina 测序表明，在症状样本中，Ilyonectria 是主要的属（76-80%）[ apsnet.org, caass.org.cn, frontiersin.org, cabidigitallibrary.org, nih.gov, techscience.com, researchgate.net]。

Transmission Mechanism Data
传输机制数据

Fusarium spp. can remain in the soil for extended periods and spread through rain or irrigation water. Furthermore, pathogens can be transmitted through P. notoginseng seeds, and the pathogens infect through wounds. [apsnet.org, frontiersin.org, cabidigitallibrary.org, nih.gov, researchgate.net].
Fusarium spp. 可以在土壤中存活很长时间，并通过雨水或灌溉水传播。此外，病原体可以通过人参种子传播，并通过伤口感染。[ apsnet.org, frontiersin.org, cabidigitallibrary.org, nih.gov, researchgate.net]。

Host Resistance Data 主寄主抗性数据

P. notoginseng has a disease resistance system by regulating secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and long-chain organic acids in root secretions inhibit the growth of F .
人参具有通过调节次生代谢物生物合成来抵抗疾病的系统，并且根分泌物中的长链有机酸抑制 F 的生长。
solani and Phytophthora cactorum. Also, PR genes are involved in root rot disease resistance [apsnet.org, nih.gov, frontiersin.org].
solani 和 Phytophthora cactorum。此外，PR 基因参与根腐病抗性 [apsnet.org, nih.gov, frontiersin.org]。

Smart Prediction System 智能预测系统

Real-time monitoring and historical data analysis are essential for developing Al-driven forecasting models to predict and manage root rot outbreaks.
实时监测和历史数据分析对于开发基于人工智能的预测模型以预测和管理根腐病爆发至关重要。