Part Ⅰ写作
第一部分 手稿

Section A (10 points) （英文信件，注意格式）

Section B (20 points) （议论文）
Section B （20 分） （议论文）

Part II 选词填空 (10 points, 1 for each item)（见下面资料中的6篇Banked Cloze）

Part III 匹配 (10 points, 1 for each item)
Part III 匹配 （10 分，每项 1 分）

Part IV 阅读 (30 points, 2 for each item) （见下面资料里的10篇 Reading Comprehension）
Part IV 阅读 （30 point， each item 2） （见下面资料里的 10 篇 Reading Comprehension）

Part V 翻译 （20 points）（见下面资料里的6篇 Translation）

I Banked Cloze
我把完形填空存起来

1.

World Ocean Day in the environmental calendar began on 8 June 1992. It was 26 by a group of environmentalists at the Earth Summit in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. On this day, activities take place around the world. These let us appreciate how important the oceans are to us and how they are essential for our 27 . It is a day for us to 28 about the diversity of life in the oceans and how our actions are killing many species. The day also hopes to raise awareness that our oceans are a 29 part of keeping our planet at the right temperature.
环境日历上的世界海洋日始于 1992 年 6 月 8 日。这是 一群环保主义者在巴西里约热内卢地球峰会上发布的 26 次。在这一天，世界各地的活动都在举行。这些让我们认识到海洋对我们的重要性，以及它们对我们的 27 . 这是我们 28 岁生日的一天 ，我们关注海洋中生命的多样性以及我们的行为如何杀死许多物种。这一天还希望提高人们的认识，即我们的海洋是 保持地球温度适宜的 29 部分。

The world's oceans are under serious 30 today. Over-fishing, pollution and global warming are just a few of the things damaging the seas. Climate change means sea levels are rising. Scientists 31 that within fifty years, many of today’s countries will be under water. A warming world also changes the way ocean water 32 . If parts of the world become too warm, ocean temperatures could change and cause havoc（大破坏）to the world’s weather patterns. Changing water temperatures could also make many marine species 33 . Oceans are becoming saltier because of global warming. This is killing many coral reefs, which lead to many 34 of ocean life dying. We really can’t 35 how our lives damage the oceans.
今天 ，世界海洋的海域严重不足 30 个。过度捕捞、污染和全球变暖只是破坏海洋的一小部分因素。气候变化意味着海平面正在上升。科学家 31 指出，在 50 年内，今天的许多国家都将被淹没。全球变暖也改变了海水的方式 32 .如果世界部分地区变得太暖，海洋温度可能会发生变化，并对世界的天气模式造成严重破坏。水温的变化也可能使许多海洋物种 33 。由于全球变暖，海洋的盐度越来越高。这正在杀死许多珊瑚礁，导致许多 34 海洋生物死亡。我们真的无法 35 我们的生活是如何破坏海洋的。

2.

“Now I don’t have to worry about my little son not 26 me when I go back home for Spring Festival,” says Yang Dongmei, a 26-year-old worker in one of the southern Chinese factories that 27 toys for companies including Disney, Mattel and Toys R Us.
“现在我不用担心我回家过春节时小儿子还不到 26 岁，”26 岁的杨冬梅说，她是中国南方一家工厂的工人，该工厂为迪士尼、美泰和玩具反斗城等公司生产 27 个玩具。

Yang’s two boys, aged two and four, live with their grandparents in Henan province, more than 1,000km away. But they spent last year’s summer holidays in the factory where Yang works, under a 28 that hopes to improve family life for 29 workers in Guangdong province.
杨的两个儿子，一个两岁，一个四岁，和他们的祖父母住在 1000 多公里外的河南省。但他们去年的暑假是在杨安泽工作的工厂度过的，当时 他们 28 岁 ，希望能改善广东省 29 名工人的家庭生活 。

The Family Friendly Factory Spaces (FFFS) scheme, run by ICTI Care, a not-for-profit project, 30 , entertains and educates factory employees’ children during the school summer holidays while their parents work on production lines nearby. It was 31 in two Guangdong factories last year, with 85 children aged between four and 13, and plans to expand to more sites this year.
由非牟利项目 ICTI Care 30 运营的家庭友好工厂空间 （FFFS） 计划 ，在学校暑假期间为工厂员工的孩子提供娱乐和教育，而他们的父母则在附近的生产线上工作。去年， 广东的两家工厂有 31 家工厂，有 85 名 4 至 13 岁的儿童，并计划今年扩展到更多工厂。

In the pilot schemes, the children were supervised by carers 32 by ICTI Care in separate dormitory buildings and kept occupied with books, games, DVDs and other activities. When shifts were over, the families could spend time together, something previously restricted to 33 hometown visits.
在试点计划中，儿童由 ICTI Care 的照顾者 32 在不同的宿舍楼监督，并让他们忙于阅读书籍、游戏、DVD 和其他活动。轮班结束后，家人可以共度时光，这在以前仅限于 33 次家乡探访。

The scheme can also 34 to business benefits, according to Mark Robertson, director of communications and stakeholder relations at ICTI Care. Robertson says both factories re-ported 35 in retention rates among workers who participated, higher levels of trust and better employee-management relationships.
ICTI Care 的传播和利益相关者关系总监 Mark Robertson 表示，该计划还可以 34 带来商业利益。Robertson 表示，两家工厂在 参与的员工保留率、更高的信任水平和更好的员工与管理层关系方面都提高了 35。

3.

Students are too focused on obtaining their degree and getting through the system but employers are looking for more than degrees with high GPAs attached to them. “It is important to have a good GPA, but if all you do is study and haven’t 26 yourself in anything else, that candidate is not as desirable. Showing the 27 of your experiences is more important in getting a job.” 28 director Dr. Deveta Gardner said.
学生们过于专注于获得学位和通过系统，但雇主寻找的不仅仅是具有高 GPA 的学位。“拥有良好的 GPA 很重要，但如果你所做的只是学习而在其他任何事情上都没有 26 分 ，那么这个候选人就不那么理想了。展示你的 27 次经历对于找到工作更为重要。 28 主任 Deveta Gardner 博士说。

But if employers aren't checking up on your grades, then what are they looking for in a 29 employee? When it comes to making yourself seem desirable to an employer, there are seven competencies that college graduates should be able to demonstrate 30 major or industry: critical thinking, oral/written communications, 31 information tech application, teamwork/ 32 , professionalism/work ethic and career management.
但是，如果雇主不检查你的成绩，那么他们在 29 岁的雇员中寻找什么呢？当谈到让自己看起来受到雇主的青睐时，大学毕业生应该能够展示 30 个专业或行业：批判性思维、口头/书面交流、 31 信息技术应用、团队合作/32、 专业精神/职业道德和职业管理。

Due to the popularity of social media and growing importance of technology, it has become 33 important to have an online presence to start a career. Though networking online to build connections is essential, Gardner 34 that having the wrong online presence can shoot yourself in the foot. “What’s on your Facebook and Twitter can be 35 by your employers even if you think you have the best privacy settings,” he said. “How you present yourself in social media will be looked at so make sure that you are cleaning it up because that's how people learn about you.”
由于社交媒体的普及和技术的重要性日益增加， 拥有在线形象以开始职业生涯已成为 33 重要。尽管在线网络以建立联系是必不可少的，但 Gardner 34 认为拥有错误的在线形象可能会搬起石头砸自己的脚。“即使 你认为你拥有最好的隐私设置，你的雇主也可能在你的 Facebook 和 Twitter 上发布 35 个内容，”他说。“你会如何在社交媒体上展示自己，所以要确保你正在清理它，因为这是人们了解你的方式。”

4.

As her reputation grew, Alice Munro 26 most of her public events, although she still traveled to accept many of the prizes she was 27 for her work. She has largely remained elusive（行踪难觅的），read and reviewed but not that often seen in the media.
随着她的名声越来越大，26 岁的 Alice Munro 参加了她的大部分公共活动，尽管她仍然旅行接受许多奖项，但她 27 岁时因工作而获奖。她在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸（行踪难觅的），阅读和评论，但在媒体上并不常见。

Her life has been quiet, lived mostly in Clinton among friends and family, concentrated on the richness of her 28 of life and literary imagination. And as her life has continued Munro has, as everyone does, experienced the pains of being: illnesses, slowing down, the deaths of friends and loved ones. Her works tell an eloquent story detailing such 29 of her life, and many more. They reveal her to be just what she is: an artist who has lived her life mostly in Clinton, quietly, 30 ever and always by her own writing.
她的生活一直很平静，大部分时间都住在克林顿的朋友和家人中间，专注于她 28 年的丰富生活和文学想象力。随着她生活的继续，Munro 和每个人一样，经历了存在的痛苦：疾病、放慢脚步、朋友和亲人的死亡。她的作品讲述了一个雄辩的故事，详细介绍了她一生的 29 个故事，以及更多。它们揭示了她本来的样子：一位艺术家，一生大部分时间都在克林顿度过，30 岁了，永远靠自己的写作。

  31 her life and career, Alice Munro has meditated（沉思）the life she has lived her-self, that she has seen others live, the lives she has known and 32 Through their complexity, through their clarity, and through their precision, the stories Munro has published capture the 33 feelings of what it is like to live, to be alive. From first to last―whichever one the last may be―Munro's stories 34 her as an artist who is without question among the most 35 masters of the short story.
31 她的生活和事业，爱丽丝·芒罗 （Alice Munro） 沉思了她自己的生活，她看到了别人的生活，她所经历的生活以及 32 通过它们的复杂性、它们的清晰性和精确性，芒罗出版的故事捕捉了 33 关于生活和活着的感觉的感受。从头到尾——无论最后是哪一个——芒罗的故事 34 她是一位艺术家，毫无疑问是短篇小说的 35 位大师之一。

5.

Roughly, three things are happening to English online. One is that we already know British and American English are seeding each other with new words and phrases. It’s likely that this is increasing in the age of 26 and the internet. As India rises and its many speakers of English 27 their culture around the world, we're likely to see more Hinglish in standard English, too.
大致上，在线英语正在发生三件事。一个是我们已经知道英式英语和美式英语正在用新的单词和短语相互播种。这种情况在 26 岁和互联网中可能会增加 。随着印度的崛起及其世界各地许多讲英语 27 的人的文化，我们也可能会在标准英语中看到更多的印度英语。

The second new thing is that speech-like forms of written English are increasing quickly on Facebook, Twitter and elsewhere. This means that non-standard dialects are being written more than they used to. We might even see “standard” written forms of these, or something like them, 28 . But they will remain minority dialects, with Indians or Singaporeans, knowing they need to use standard English when writing formally for a 29 audience.
第二个新事物是，类似语音的书面英语形式在 Facebook、Twitter 和其他地方迅速增加。这意味着非标准方言的编写比以前更多。我们甚至可能会看到这些的 “标准” 书面形式，或类似的形式，28 。但它们仍将是少数族裔方言，印度人或新加坡人知道，在为 29 名读者正式写作时，他们需要使用标准英语 。

The biggest potential 30 is the third. What could it mean that so many non-natives are learning and using English 31 ? This has less to do with the internet. Non-natives already 32 with each other in person, in English, all around the world. It’s harder to forecast the structural changes that this could cause to standard English.
最大的潜力 30 是第三个。这么多非母语者正在学习和使用 English 31 意味着什么 ？这与互联网关系不大。非本地人已经 32 岁了，他们面对面地用英语在世界各地交流。更难预测这可能对标准英语造成的结构性变化。

English is undergoing a novel experiment. I can’t think of a standardized living language that has been spoken by more non-native-speakers than natives. Natives consider the language “theirs”, and will 33 deep structural changes. The influence of foreigners is likely to 34 annoyance. But such changes will come, 35 , if slowly.
English 正在进行一项新颖的实验。我想不出一种标准化的现生语言，非母语人士比母语者还多。当地人认为这种语言是“他们的”，并将 33 深刻的结构变化。外国人的影响很可能 34 烦恼。但这样的变化会到来， 35 ，如果很慢的话。

6.

Humanity faces an uncertain future as technology learns to think for itself and adapt to its environment. Artificial Intelligence, 26 as helpful digital assistants and self-driving vehicles, is gaining a foothold and it could one day spell the end for mankind if allowed to develop without 27 controls.
随着技术学会独立思考并适应环境，人类面临着不确定的未来。人工智能 26 作为有用的数字助理和自动驾驶汽车，正在站稳脚跟，如果任由它在没有 27 控制的情况下发展，有一天它可能意味着人类的终结 。

Developments in digital personal assistants like Siri, Google Now and Cortana are just the beginning of the applications. Nick Bostrom, an outside adviser to CESR, predicts that machines will 28 90 percent of human-level intelligence by 2075.
Siri、Google Now 和 Cortana 等数字个人助理的发展只是应用程序的开始。CESR 的外部顾问 Nick Bostrom 预测， 到 2075 年 ，机器将占人类智能水平的 28 90%。

The threat 29 to the human race if they developed beyond our understanding and control is somewhat 30 to the development of nuclear weapons. In recent years, the number of scientists and technology experts who have 31 their concerns is on the 32 . Among them are world-renowned physicist Professor Stephen Hawking and Space X founder Elon Musk.
如果它们发展到超出我们的理解和控制范围，那么对人类的威胁 29 大约是 30 对核武器发展的威胁。近年来，有 31 个担忧的科学家和技术专家的数量在 32 上。其中包括世界著名的物理学家斯蒂芬霍金教授和 Space X 创始人埃隆马斯克。

Speaking in 2016, Professor Hawking said, “I don’t think 33 in artificial intelligence will necessarily be benign（良性的）. Once machines reach a critical stage of being able to evolve themselves we cannot predict whether their goals will be the same as ours. Artificial intelligence has the 34 to evolve faster than the human race.”
霍金教授在 2016 年发表讲话时说：“我不认为人工智能中的 33 岁一定是良性的。一旦机器达到能够自我进化的关键阶段，我们就无法预测它们的目标是否与我们的目标相同。人工智能有 34 个比人类进化得更快的时间。

CESR believe that artificial intelligence could create a multitude of risks that threaten human 35 in the near future, as so place it as a very high priority.
CESR 认为，人工智能可能会在不久的将来造成威胁人类 35 的多种风险 ，因此将其置于非常高的优先级。

II. Reading Comprehension
二 .阅读理解

1.

The Mariana Trench（马里亚纳海沟）in the northern Pacific is the deepest part of the world’s oceans. You might think a place that remote would be untouched by human activity. At its deepest the water in the trench is near freezing and the pressure would crush a human like a bug. But it is polluted.
位于北太平洋的马里亚纳海沟 （Mariana Trench） 是世界海洋最深的部分。你可能会认为一个如此偏远的地方不会受到人类活动的影响。在最深处，沟渠中的水接近冰点，压力会像虫子一样压碎一个人。但它被污染了。

Scientists have only recently explored it. Among them is biologist Alan Jamieson of Newcastle University in England. His team dropped what they call a mechanical “lander” down into the trench. It had cameras and water samplers and some baited traps.
科学家们直到最近才开始探索它。其中包括英格兰纽卡斯尔大学的生物学家艾伦·贾米森（Alan Jamieson）。他的团队将他们所谓的机械“着陆器”扔进了沟里。它有相机和水采样器，还有一些带饵的陷阱。

When the lander surfaced, the traps contained amphipods（片脚类动物）―shrimp like crustaceans（甲壳动物）.The amphipods were contaminated with toxic chemicals used for decades in industry, as well as other industrial pollutants known as persistent organic pollutants. “Every sample we had,” Jamieson says, “had contaminants in it at very high o extraordinarily high levels.”
当着陆器浮出水面时，陷阱中含有片脚类动物——甲壳类动物等虾。这些片足类动物被工业中使用了几十年的有毒化学物质以及其他被称为持久性有机污染物的工业污染物污染。“我们每个样品，”Jamieson 说，“其中的污染物含量非常高或非常高。

How high? He compared the contamination level in his Mariana amphipods to crab living in waters fed by one of the most polluted rivers, as well as amphipods from other part of the world. He says, “And what we were finding in the deepest place in the world were (level hugely higher, 50 times in some cases.” He thinks the pollutants might get to the trenches by holding on to plastic that’s floating in the ocean. Fish and other marine animals absorb pollutants as well. Eventually, the plastic and the dead animals fall to the bottom. Like dirt in your house, a lot of it will collect at the lowest points. It’s simply a matter of gravity.
有多高？他将他的马里亚纳角足类动物的污染水平与生活在污染最严重河流之一的水域中的螃蟹以及来自世界其他地区的角足类动物进行了比较。他说，“我们在世界上最深的地方发现的是（水位要高得多，在某些情况下是 50 倍）。他认为，污染物可能会通过抓住漂浮在海洋中的塑料而进入战壕。鱼类和其他海洋动物也会吸收污染物。最终，塑料和死去的动物落到底部。就像你房子里的泥土一样，很多泥土会聚集在最低点。这只是一个重力问题。

Marine biologist Katherine Dafforn at the University of New South Wales in Australia says the discovery of such high levels of toxic chemicals in these trenches is “disturbing”. She says, “A lot of chemicals will have far-reaching impacts that we don’t necessarily know about.” And those impacts might be in places that people don’t pay much attention. Jamieson says just because pollution is out of sight doesn't mean it’s harmless. “We’ve got to remember, planet Earth is mostly deep sea, and to think that it’s OK just to ignore it is a little bit irresponsible.”
澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的海洋生物学家凯瑟琳·达福恩 （Katherine Dafforn） 表示，在这些海沟中发现如此高水平的有毒化学物质“令人不安”。她说：“许多化学品会产生我们不一定知道的深远影响。而这些影响可能发生在人们不太关注的地方。Jamieson 说，仅仅因为污染不在视线范围内并不意味着它是无害的。“我们必须记住，地球大部分是深海，认为忽视它没关系，这有点不负责任。”

2.

Alibaba smashed its Singles’ Day shopping record on Friday by clocking growth of more than 32 percent, the Chinese e-commerce giant said on Friday.
中国电子商务巨头阿里巴巴周五表示，周五打破了光棍节购物记录，增长了 32% 以上。

Retailers on Alibaba’s platforms had recorded $17.8 billion worth of gross merchandise volume (GMV). In 2015, the 24-hour e-commerce sales event racked up $14.3 billion GMV in total.
阿里巴巴平台上的零售商创下了价值 178 亿美元的商品交易总额 （GMV）。2015 年，24 小时电子商务销售活动的总 GMV 为 143 亿美元。

Media reports had forecast GMV from Alibaba’s 11.11 Global Shopping Festival, as Singles’ Day is officially called, to come at $20 billion in 2016, easily eclipsing（使黯然失色）the $2.74 billion and $3.07 billion respectively generated online during the Black Friday and Cyber Monday sales in the U.S. this year.
媒体报道曾预测，阿里巴巴双 11 全球购物节（光棍节的官方名称）的 GMV 将在 2016 年达到 200 亿美元，轻松超过今年美国黑色星期五和网络星期一期间分别产生的 27.4 亿美元和 30.7 亿美元的在线销售额。

Singles’ Day was first celebrated in the 1990s by young, single Chinese as an anti-Valentine’s Day. In 2009, Alibaba began using the made-up “holiday” to promote discounts at retailers on its e-commerce platforms, as a means of boosting revenue in the traditionally quiet sales period before the Lunar New Year season.
光棍节最早是在 1990 年代由年轻的单身华人庆祝的，作为反情人节。2009 年，阿里巴巴开始利用虚构的“假期”在其电子商务平台上的零售商处推广折扣，以此在农历新年前传统上平静的销售期增加收入。

Increasingly, international brands have jumped on Alibaba’s Singles’ Day bandwagon, with more than 14,000 taking part in the 2016 sale, accounting for about 30 percent of total GMV half-way into the event, according to Alibaba stats. Orders, meanwhile, came from 207 countries and regions.
根据阿里巴巴的统计数据，越来越多的国际品牌加入了阿里巴巴的光棍节行列，超过 14,000 个品牌参加了 2016 年的光棍节促销活动，约占活动进行到一半时总 GMV 的 30%。与此同时，订单来自 207 个国家和地区。

Alibaba reported that deals offered by Apple, Nike and Siemens were among the top-sellers with Chinese consumers in the early hours of the day. Local Chinese brands that made a strong showing were appliance manufacturers Haier and Midea, and smartphone maker Meizu.
阿里巴巴报告称，苹果、耐克和西门子提供的优惠在当天凌晨时分是中国消费者最畅销的。表现强劲的中国本土品牌是家电制造商海尔和美的，以及智能手机制造商魅族。

Jessie Qian, head of consumer markets at KPMG China, told CNBC on Friday that mobile e-commerce transactions have been a major driver of China's online sales boom. At least 90 percent of online shoppers in China had used their smartphone at least once to make a transaction, she said, and forecast that that number would continue to grow.
毕马威中国消费市场主管合伙人钱洁周五告诉 CNBC，移动电子商务交易一直是中国在线销售繁荣的主要驱动力。她说，在中国，至少有 90%的在线购物者至少使用过一次智能手机进行交易，并预测这一数字将继续增长。

“There are several factors contributing to the growth in mobile users. First of all, it’s the access of cheaper mobile phones and secondly, the confidence in the third party payments (systems),” she said.
“有几个因素促成了移动用户的增长。首先，这是对更便宜的手机的访问，其次，对第三方支付（系统）的信心，“她说。

Meanwhile, the number of middle-class consumers in Southeast Asia and India was also growing, and they wanted high-quality goods from the U.S. and Europe, Alibaba’s President Evans said, according to the company’s live blog.
与此同时，阿里巴巴总裁埃文斯表示，东南亚和印度的中产阶级消费者数量也在增长，他们希望从美国和欧洲获得高质量的商品。

3.

If you’re one of the thousands of new graduates who have claimed their diplomas and set their sights on life after college this spring, job hunting is more than likely at the top of your priority list. You probably have certain expectations around what your first real career job will look like. I’m here to shatter（打破） those. The first job you land out of college doesn’t matter. It matters that you find work, of course, but the nature of the work isn’t of particular consequence at this stage in your life.
如果您是今年春天获得文凭并着眼于大学毕业后生活的数千名应届毕业生中的一员，那么找工作很可能是您的首要任务。您可能对第一份真正的职业工作有一定的期望。我是来打破（打破）这些的。你大学毕业后找到的第一份工作并不重要。当然，你找到工作很重要，但在你人生的这个阶段，工作的性质并不特别重要。

Here's why: The subject you spent four years studying may have absolutely no bearing on what you end up doing immediately after graduation. While 88% of the Class of 2016expected to land a job in their field of study, only 65% of their peers who completed their education in 2014 and 2015 report that they’ve been able to do so in the time since they graduated. As is consistent with recent labor market trends, it’s possible that you'll end up underemployed (working in a job that doesn’t require a college degree, working fewer hours than you want), as 51% of 2015 grads reported in that same survey reported they are. Starting your working life in a career-focused role is becoming the exception to the rule.
原因如下：你花了四年时间学习的科目可能与你毕业后立即做什么完全没有关系。虽然 88% 的 2016 届毕业生希望在他们的研究领域找到工作，但在 2014 年和 2015 年完成学业的同龄人中，只有 65% 的人表示他们能够在毕业后的这段时间内找到工作。与最近的劳动力市场趋势一致，您最终可能会就业不足（从事不需要大学学位的工作，工作时间比您想要的少），因为在同一项调查中，51% 的 2015 年毕业生报告他们是。以职业为中心的角色开始您的工作生活正在成为规则的例外。

Unless you’re entering into a red-hot job market with a highly-coveted（令人垂涎的）degree (software engineering prodigies in Silicon Valley), your entry-level role likely won’t be one that allows you to make a unique contribution to the company. To a certain degree, project assistants, account associates, admin assistants and junior whatevers are interchangeable. Beyond a paycheck, what your first job offers is the opportunity to understand what being part of a team day in and day out is like, to improve your ability to read people, to absorb the norms of a given workplace and figure out if they’re ones you can live with.
除非你带着令人垂涎的（令人垂涎的）学位（硅谷的软件工程神童）进入一个炙手可热的就业市场，否则你的入门级角色可能不会让你为公司做出独特的贡献。在某种程度上，项目助理、客户助理、行政助理和初级任何东西都是可以互换的。除了薪水之外，你的第一份工作提供的是了解日复一日成为团队的一员是什么样子的机会，提高你读人的能力，吸收特定工作场所的规范，并弄清楚他们是否是你可以接受的。

4.

Despite progress in recent years, girls continue to suffer severe disadvantage and exclusion in education systems throughout their lives. An estimated 31 million girls of primary school age and 32 million girls of lower secondary school age were out of school in 2013. Sub-Saharan Africa has the lowest proportion of countries with gender equality. And South and West Asia has the widest gender gap in its out-of-school population-80 percent of its out-of-school girls are unlikely to ever start school compared to 16 per cent of its out-of-school boys.
尽管近年来取得了进展，但女童在一生中仍然在教育系统中遭受着严重的不利地位和排斥。据估计，2013 年有 3100 万小学适龄女童和 3200 万初中适龄女童失学。撒哈拉以南非洲地区性别平等的国家比例最低。南亚和西亚的失学人口性别差距最大——80% 的失学女童不太可能上学，而失学男童的这一比例为 16%。

Girls’ education is both an intrinsic right and a critical tool to reaching other development objectives. Providing girls with an education helps break the cycle of poverty: educated women are less likely to marry early and against their will; less likely to die in childbirth; more likely to have healthy babies; and are more likely to send their children to school. When all children have access to a quality education rooted in human rights and gender equality, it creates a ripple effect of opportunity that influences generations to come.
女童教育既是一项内在权利，也是实现其他发展目标的关键工具。为女孩提供教育有助于打破贫困的循环：受过教育的妇女不太可能违背自己的意愿早婚;死于分娩的可能性较小;更有可能生出健康的婴儿;并且更有可能送孩子上学。当所有儿童都能获得植根于人权和性别平等的优质教育时，就会产生影响子孙后代的机会涟漪效应。

Girls’ education is essential to the achievement of quality learning relevant to the 21st century, including girls’ transition to and performance in secondary school and beyond. Adolescent girls that attend school delay marriage and childbearing, are less vulnerable to disease including HIV and AIDS, and acquire information and skills that lead to increased earning power. Evidence shows that the return to a year of secondary education for girls correlates to a 25 per cent increase in wages later in life.
女童教育对于实现与 21 世纪相关的优质学习至关重要，包括女童过渡到中学及以后的教育以及在中学及以后的表现。上学的少女会延迟结婚和生育，不易感染包括艾滋病毒和艾滋病在内的疾病，并且获得的信息和技能可以提高赚钱能力。有证据表明，女孩重返一年中等教育与以后的工资增加 25% 相关。

While gender equality has improved, barriers and bottlenecks around gender gaps and discrimination remain in place, especially at the secondary school level and among the most marginalized children.
虽然性别平等有所改善，但围绕性别差距和歧视的障碍和瓶颈仍然存在，尤其是在中学阶段和最边缘化的儿童中。

There are various barriers to girls’ education throughout the world, ranging from supply-side constraints to negative social norms. Some include school fees; strong cultural norms favoring boys’ education when a family has limited resources; inadequate sanitation（卫生）facilities in schools such as lack of private and separate toilets; and negative classroom environments, where girls may face violence, exploitation or corporal punishment. Additionally, schools often lack sufficient numbers of female teachers.
全世界的女童教育存在各种障碍，从供给侧限制到消极的社会规范。其中一些包括学费;当家庭资源有限时，有利于男孩教育的强烈文化规范;学校的卫生设施不足，例如缺乏私人和独立卫生间;以及消极的课堂环境，女童可能面临暴力、剥削或体罚。此外，学校往往缺乏足够数量的女教师。

5.

The words you use betray who you are. Linguists and psychologists have long been studying this phenomenon. A few decades ago, they had the hunch that the number of active verbs in your sentences or which adjectives you use (lovely, sweet, angry) reflect personality traits.
你使用的词暴露了你是谁。语言学家和心理学家长期以来一直在研究这种现象。几十年前，他们有一种预感 ，认为句子中主动动词的数量或你使用的形容词（可爱、甜美、愤怒）反映了性格特征。

They have pointed out various insights. For example, suicidal poets, in their published works, use more first-person singular words (like “me” or “my”) and death-related words than poets who aren’t suicidal. People in positions of power are more likely to make statements that involve others (“we,” “us”), while lower-status people often use language that's more self-focused and ask more questions. Comparing genders, women tend to use more words related to psychological and social processes, while men referred more to impersonal topics and objects' properties.
他们指出了各种见解。例如，自杀诗人在他们出版的作品中，比没有自杀倾向的诗人使用更多的第一人称单数词（如“me”或“my”）和与死亡相关的词。处于权力地位的人更有可能发表涉及他人的言论（“我们”），而地位较低的人经常使用更以自我为中心的语言并提出更多问题。比较性别，女性倾向于使用更多与心理和社会过程相关的词，而男性则更多地提及非个人话题和物体的属性。

This research suggests that Internet companies such as Facebook and Google, with their collection of written expressions, are sitting on powerful insights about us as people. But if you ask them, “Hey, can you give me the take on me that you’ve got in-house or that you’ve built for advertisers, with my anonymized（匿名的）data?” ―they won’t give it to you. I actually did ask, and they don’t have that kind of offering.
这项研究表明，Facebook 和 Google 等互联网公司及其书面表达的集合，正在掌握关于我们作为人的强大见解。但是，如果你问他们，“嘿，你能不能给我说说你内部的或你为广告商建立的关于我的看法，使用我的匿名（匿名的）数据？”——他们不会给你。我确实问过，他们没有那种服务。

But I’ve found someone who does: IBM’s Watson division. Researchers there have taken the personality dictionaries already created by scientists, dropped them into Watson, and sent it off to apply it to people on Twitter, Facebook, blogs. That forms a digital population of people and personality types. Over time, more text from more people will help Watson get smarter.
但我找到了一个这样做的人：IBM 的 Watson 部门。那里的研究人员把科学家已经创建的性格词典放进了沃森，然后寄出去，让它应用到推特、脸书、博客上。这形成了一个由人和性格类型组成的数字人口。随着时间的推移，来自更多人的更多文本将帮助 Watson 变得更智能。

In its own studies, IBM found that characteristics derived from people’s writings can reliably predict some of their real-world behaviors. For instance, people who are less neurotic （神经质的）and more open to experiences are more likely to click on an ad, while people who score high on self-enhancement (meaning, seek personal success) like to read articles about work. For IBM, these kinds of interpretations can become a business opportunity.
IBM 在自己的研究中发现，从人们的著作中得出的特征可以可靠地预测他们在现实世界中的一些行为。例如，不那么神经质和对体验持开放态度的人更有可能点击广告，而在自我提升（即寻求个人成功）方面得分高的人喜欢阅读有关工作的文章。对于 IBM 来说，这类解释可以成为商机。

6.

Numerous types of robots are being incorporated（合并）in education. They range from simple “microprocessor（微处理器）on wheels” robots, to advanced toolkits, to humanoids. The choice of the robot is usually dictated by the area of study and the age group of the student.
许多类型的机器人正在被纳入（合并）教育中。它们的范围从简单的“轮子上的微处理器（microprocessor）on-wheels”机器人，到高级工具包，再到类人机器人。机器人的选择通常由学习领域和学生的年龄组决定。

Smaller robots or toolkits are particularly used to teach robotics or computer science. These toolkits can be physically manipulated allowing students to learn a variety of disciplines across engineering. However, the human-like shape of humanoids makes them easier to interact with, and for this reason are often used for language lessons.
较小的机器人或工具包特别用于教授机器人技术或计算机科学。这些工具包可以进行物理作，使学生能够学习工程学中的各种学科。然而，类人机器人的类人形状使它们更容易互动，因此经常用于语言课程。

Humanoids have the ability to provide real-time feedback, and their physical shape increases engagement. This often leads to a personal connection with the student, which can help resolve issues related to shyness, reluctance, confidence and frustration that may arise in dealing with a human teacher. For example, a robot will not get tired no matter how many mistakes a child makes.
类人机器人能够提供实时反馈，并且它们的物理形状可以提高参与度。这通常会导致与学生建立个人联系，这有助于解决与人类老师打交道时可能出现的与害羞、不情愿、自信和沮丧相关的问题。例如，无论孩子犯多少错误，机器人都不会感到疲倦。

Humanoid robots are being widely utilized in classrooms in many countries including, Japan and South Korea.
人形机器人在许多国家的课堂上得到广泛应用，包括日本和韩国。

Telepresenace（远程呈现）-where a teacher can remotely connect to the classroom through the robot-is being used as a way to teach students English. The teacher can participate in the classroom by being virtually present through a display mechanism. In some instances, the display is embedded（嵌入） in the robot’s torso（躯干）.
远程呈现（远程呈现）——教师可以通过机器人远程连接到教室——被用作教学生英语的一种方式。教师可以通过显示机制以虚拟方式参与课堂。在某些情况下，显示器嵌入到机器人的躯干中。

Western countries have been much more hesitant in acknowledging the integration of robots in classrooms, with privacy, developmental hindrances, the rise in unemployment and technical deficiencies stated as the major drawbacks.
西方国家在承认机器人在课堂上的整合要犹豫得多，隐私、发展障碍、失业率上升和技术缺陷被认为是主要缺点。

Humanoid robots are still a fair way away from being autonomously situated in schools due mainly to technological limitations such as inaccurate speech or emotion recognition.
人形机器人距离自主放置在学校中还有很长的路要走，这主要是由于技术限制，例如语音或情绪识别不准确。

However, the intention of most researchers in robotics is not for robots to replace teachers. Rather, the design goals of most robots are to function as an aid in the classroom and to enhance the added value they can bring as a stimulating and engaging educational tool.
然而，大多数机器人技术研究人员的意图并不是让机器人取代教师。相反，大多数机器人的设计目标是在课堂上起到辅助作用，并提高它们作为刺激性和引人入胜的教育工具所能带来的附加值。

In order to facilitate the integration of robots in the classroom, we need to be able to provide appropriate interfacing（界面）mechanisms（software, hardware or even mobile apps） , allowing the human teacher to control the robot with minimal training.
为了促进机器人在课堂上的整合，我们需要能够提供适当的界面机制（软件、硬件甚至移动应用程序），让人类教师以最少的培训来控制机器人。

7.

Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance. The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly
许多孩子首先通过领取零用钱来了解金钱的价值。目的是让孩子在财务错误代价不高的年龄从经验中学习.

The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family.Timing is another consideration. Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance.In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money.
父母给孩子随心所欲地花的钱多少因家庭而异。时间是另一个考虑因素。 有些孩子每周有零用钱。 其他人每月获得津贴。无论如何， 父母都应该明确说明孩子应该用这笔钱支付什么费用（ 如果有的话）。

At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance. The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics.
起初， 年幼的孩子在收到零花钱后很快就会花掉所有零花钱 。 如果他们这样做， 他们将以惨痛的方式学到支出必须在预算范围内完成。 通常建议父母在下一次津贴之前不要提供更多的钱 。 其目的是向年轻人表明，预算需要在消费和储蓄之间做出选择。 年龄较大的孩子可能有足够的责任来存钱支付更大的费用， 例如衣服或电子产品。

Many people who have written on the subject of allowance say it is not a good idea to pay your child for work around the home. These jobs are a normal part of family life. Paying children to do extra work around the house, however, can be useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works.
许多写过关于津贴这个话题的人说， 付钱给孩子做家务不是一个好主意。 这些工作是家庭生活的正常组成部分。 然而 ，付钱让孩子做额外的家务活可能是有用的。 它甚至可以提供对企业运作方式的理解。

Allowance gives children a chance to experience the things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good cause. They can spend it buying things they want. Or they can save and maybe even invest it. Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: You have to cut costs and plan for the future. Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the door to future saving and investing.Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance. A savings account is an excellent way to learn about the power of compound interest. Compounding works by paying interest on interest. So, for example, one dollar invested at two percent interest for two years will earn two cents in the first year.In the second year, the money will earn two percent of one dollar and two cents, and so on. That may not seem like a lot. But over time it adds up.
津贴让孩子们有机会体验他们可以用钱做的事情。 他们可以以礼物或捐赠给公益事业的形式分享它。 他们可以花钱买他们想要的东西。 或者他们可以储蓄，甚至投资。 储蓄有助于孩子明白代价高昂的目标需要牺牲： 您必须削减成本并为未来做计划。 要求孩子存下部分零花钱，也可以为未来的储蓄和投资打开大门。许多银行提供服务来帮助儿童和青少年了解个人理财。 储蓄账户是了解复利力量的绝佳方式 。 复利是通过支付利息来运作的。 因此， 例如， 以 2% 的利息投资两年的一美元将在第一年赚取 2 美分 。第二年， 这笔钱赚到一美元和两美分的百分之二 ， 依此类推。 这可能看起来并不多 。 但随着时间的推移 ，它会累积起来。

8.

There is no shortage of water on Mars. Astronomers reckon that at least 5million cubic kilometers of ice is locked up beneath the planet's dusty regolith(风化层).Whether any of it is liquid is a trickier question
火星上并不缺乏水。 天文学家估计，至少有 500 万立方公里的冰被锁在火星尘土飞扬的风化层（风化层）下方。它是否是液体是一个更棘手的问题

In the 19th century, Percival Lowell, an American astronomer, popularized the idea that there were canals crossing the Martian surface, carrying water from the poles to feed a thirsty desert civilization. Better telescopes,and the arrival of space probes in the 1960s, revealed the canals as an illusion. Mars’ frigid(寒冷的)temperatures and the feeble pressure mean that no liquid water could survive on the surface for long. Nevertheless, in 2006 seasonal changes led astronomers to speculate that small amounts of liquid water might be bubbling briefly to the surface in the Martian summer. Over a decade later, though, the case remains unproven.
19 世纪， 美国天文学家珀西瓦尔·洛厄尔 （Percival Lowell） 普及了这样一种观点，即有运河穿过火星表面， 从两极输送水来养活干渴的沙漠文明。 更好的望远镜，以及 1960 年代太空探测器的到来， 揭示了运河是一种幻觉。 火星寒冷的温度和微弱的压力意味着没有液态水可以在火星表面长期生存。 尽管如此， 在 2006 年的季节变化导致天文学家推测，在火星的夏季，少量液态水可能会短暂地冒泡到火星表面。 然而 ，十多年后 ，此案仍未得到证实。

Now the question seems to have been settled in spectacular style. A paper published in   Science reports the discovery of a lake of liquid water 20 kilometers across, buried 1.5 kilometers beneath Mars’ surface. The team used radar waves to peer beneath the planet’ s surface. Different materials reflect the radar waves with different intensities, allowing scientists to detect what is there. The team used a radar sensor on Mars Express, an orbiting probe, to survey a 200 kilometers-wide area. The sensor lacked the sensitivity of those used on the earth, but after more than three years of collecting data, the team felt confident enough to claim that water was the only explanation for the team’s readings. The discovery is exciting from a purely geological point of view. But the biggest question is whether anything might be alive down there. Mars was much
现在，这个问题似乎已经以惊人的方式得到了解决。 发表在《科学 》杂志上的一篇论文报道说 ，在火星表面以下 1.5 公里处发现了一个直径 20 公里的液态水湖 。 该团队使用雷达波来窥视火星表面之下 。 不同的材料以不同的强度反射雷达波， 使科学家能够探测到那里的物体。 该团队使用火星快车（Mars Express）上的雷达传感器（ 一种轨道探测器） 对 200 公里宽的区域进行了调查 。 该传感器的灵敏度不如地球上使用的传感器 ， 但经过三年多的数据收集， 该团队有足够的信心声称水是该团队读数的唯一解释 。 从纯粹的地质学角度来看，这一发现令人兴奋。 但最大的问题是那里是否有东西可能活着。 火星很多

warmer and wetter in the past. Fossilized river deltas(三角洲)and lake beds are visible on the planet’s surface. If microbial life did arise on Mars in the distant past, it might be clinging on in just such an isolated pocket of water below the planet’s surface.
过去更温暖、更潮湿。 化石河流三角洲和湖床在火星表面可见 。 如果微生物生命确实在遥远的过去出现在火星上，它可能就附着在火星表面以下这样一个孤立的水域中 。

Perhaps Mars has been dry for around 3.8 billion years.That is a long time for a life-preserving lake to have endured. It is pointed out that Mars’ axis(轴) has been changing sufficiently over the planet’s history so that the polar caps have wandered widely over its surface. On the other hand, the existence of one such lake suggests there may be more.Alien hunters have, in recent years, been shifting their attentions to the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, which sport oceans beneath their surfaces. The discovery of liquid water on Mars will shift some of that attention back.
也许火星已经干燥了大约 38 亿年。对于一个保存生命的湖泊来说 ，这是一段漫长的时间。 有人指出，火星的轴（轴） 在火星的历史中已经发生了足够的变化 ，以至于极冠在其表面广泛徘徊。 另一方面， 一个这样的湖泊的存在表明可能还有更多。近年来，外星猎人一直在将注意力转移到木星和土星的冰冷卫星上， 这些卫星的表面下有海洋。 在火星上发现液态水将使一些注意力重新转移。

9.

Generation Z is the first generation to be born into the Internet era and grow up completely immersed in technology. However,they are more than simply comfortable with data and technology. Instead,they consider data and technology as an immutable part of life itself, rather than tools or means to improve or impact the physical world, or merely something to be deployed to manage life. And, they feel at ease to exchange data on who they are and what they do－even how they feel, as well as other intimate aspects of their personal lives, if they believe what they get in return is of value to them.
Z 世代是第一代出生在互联网时代， 完全沉浸在技术中长大的一代。 然而，他们不仅仅是对数据和技术感到满意。 相反，他们认为数据和技术是生活本身不变的一部分， 而不是改善或影响物理世界的工具或手段， 或者仅仅是用来管理生活的东西 。 而且， 如果他们相信他们得到的回报对他们来说是有价值的 ， 那么他们可以轻松地交换关于他们是谁和他们做什么的数据——甚至他们的感受， 以及他们个人生活的其他私密方面 。

Generation Z is more likely than the generations preceding them to use technology for real-time monitoring of behavior and to help track their habits－including what they eat, how they sleep, and how they manage their finance sand maintain their well-being. Over 40 percent of Generation Z use wearable technology to track their physical and emotional well-being and then use that data to help make health decisions.
Z 世代比前几代人更有可能使用技术来实时监控行为并帮助跟踪他们的习惯——包括他们吃什么、 他们如何睡觉， 以及他们如何管理自己的财务和保持他们的健康。 超过 40% 的 Z 世代使用可穿戴技术来跟踪他们的身心健康状况，然后使用这些数据来帮助做出健康决策。

Generation Z uses the Internet, social media, and data and technology to help create healthier, happier lives for themselves, as well as to effect positive social change in the world. Their use of data and technology is radically transforming how we approach some of the central pillars of a rich, happy, and rewarding life－work,social interaction,entertainment,creativity,and health and well-being
Z 世代利用互联网、社交媒体以及数据和技术来帮助自己创造更健康、更快乐的生活，并在世界上产生积极的社会变革。他们对数据和技术的使用正在从根本上改变我们实现丰富、快乐和有益的生活的一些核心支柱的方式——工作、社交互动、娱乐、创造力以及健康和福祉.

Increasingly we are turning to the ambitions and competencies of Generation Z in the development of technologies for the world to transition to a more sustainable way of living and to ensure the well-being of current and future populations.It is through the use of data and technology that Generation Z in particular can break through the boundaries of self-care and at the same time help welfare providers to afford better health outcomes. Arguably, perhaps one of the least obvious benefits of Generation Z’s data and technology-focused approach to engaging the world may be its power to spread ideas and inspire action when combined with effective storytelling. And when we think about, for example, what the future of health and well-being looks like, it is increasingly one that is being made in the image of the beliefs and digital behaviors of Generation Z.
我们越来越多地转向 Z 世代的雄心壮志和能力 ，为世界开发技术，以过渡到更可持续的生活方式，并确保当前和未来人口的福祉 。正是通过使用数据和技术，Z 世代尤其可以突破自我保健的界限，同时帮助福利提供者负担得起更好的健康结果。 可以说，Z 世代以数据和技术为中心的方法与世界互动的最不明显的好处之一可能是，当与有效的讲故事相结合时，它能够传播思想和激发行动 。 例如， 当我们思考健康和福祉的未来是什么样子时， 它越来越多地按照 Z 世代的信仰和数字行为的形象来塑造。

10.

Many early theories suggested that self-esteem is a basic human need or motivation. American psychologist Abraham Maslow described two different forms of esteem: the need for respect from others, and the need for self-respect or inner self-esteem. Respect from others entails recognition, acceptance, status, and appreciation, and was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self-esteem. According to Maslow, without the fulfillment of the need for self-esteem, individuals will be driven to seek it and unable to grow.
许多早期理论表明，自尊是人类的基本需求或动机。 美国心理学家亚伯拉罕·马斯洛 （Abraham Maslow） 描述了两种不同形式的尊重： 需要来自他人的尊重， 以及需要自尊或内在的自尊。 来自他人的尊重意味着认可、 接受、 地位和欣赏， 并且被认为比内心的自尊更脆弱、更容易失去 。 根据马斯洛的说法， 如果不满足对自尊的需求， 个人将被驱使去寻求它而无法成长。

Modern theories of self-esteem explore the reasons humans are motivated to maintain a high regard for themselves.Sociometer theory maintains that self-esteem evolves to check one’s level of status and acceptance in one’s Social group. According to the terror management theory, self-esteem serves a protective function and reduces anxiety about life and death.
现代自尊理论探讨了人类有动力保持对自己的高度评价的原因。社会测量仪理论认为， 自尊的进化是为了检查一个人在社会群体中的地位和接受程度 。 根据恐怖管理理论， 自尊起到保护作用，减少对生死的焦虑。

Self-esteem is the sum of attitudes that depend on perceptions, thoughts evaluations, feelings, and behavioral tendencies aiming toward ourselves, the way we are and behave, and our body’s and character’s features.In short, it is one’s self-evaluative perception
自尊是各种态度的总和，这些态度取决于针对我们自己的感知、思想、评价、感受和行为倾向、我们的现状和行为方式以及我们的身体和性格特征。简而言之，它是一个人的自我评价感知.

The importance of self-esteem lies in the fact that it concerns ourselves, the way we are, and the sense of our values. Thus, it affects the way we are and act in the world and the way we are related to everybody else. Nothing in the way we think, feel, decide, and act escapes the influence of self-esteem.
自尊的重要性在于它关系到我们自己、 我们的生活方式以及我们的价值观。 因此， 它影响了我们在世界上的生活方式和行为方式 ，以及我们与他人的关系。 我们的思考、 感受、 决定和行为方式中没有任何东西能逃脱自尊的影响。

Carl Rogers, the greatest exponent of humanistic psychology, exposed that the origin of problems for many people is that they despise themselves and they consider themselves to be worthless and unworthy of being loved. Indeed,the concept of self-esteem has been approached since then in humanistic psychology as an inalienable(不可剥夺的) right for every person, and summarized in the following sentence: “Every human being, with no exception, for the mere fact to be it, is worthy of the unconditional respect of everybody else; he deserves to esteem himself and to be esteemed.”
人本主义心理学最伟大的代表人物卡尔·罗杰斯 （Carl Rogers） 揭露， 许多人问题的根源在于他们鄙视自己，他们认为自己毫无价值，不值得被爱。 事实上， 从那时起， 自尊的概念在人本主义心理学中就被当作每个人不可剥夺（不可剥夺的） 权利， 并总结为以下句子：“ 每个人， 无一例外， 仅仅就事实而言， 都值得其他人无条件地尊重; 他应该尊重自己，也应该被尊重。

By virtue of this reason, even the evilest human beings deserve respect and considerate treatment. This attitude, nonetheless, does not pretend to come into conflict with mechanisms that society has at its disposal to prevent individuals from causing hurt－of any type－to others. The concept of self-esteem has frequently gone beyond the exclusively scientific sphere to take part in popular language.
因此 ， 即使是最邪恶的人也应该得到尊重和体贴的对待。 尽管如此 ，这种态度并没有假装与社会所拥有的机制发生冲突，以防止个人对他人造成任何类型的伤害。 自尊的概念经常超越纯粹的科学领域，参与流行语言。

III. Translation
三. 译本

1.

今年中国大学生毕业人数比去年增加了30万，但多数人并不急着就业。本科毕业生现在有许多选择，包括自主创业、申请攻读更高学位等。2015年选择创业的本科毕业生达到20万，这表明高校大众创业和创新势头强劲。毕业生就业的变化也表明中国95后大学生观念的转变，这一代学生更有活力和创新力，勇于挑战，并在工作中提升自己。

This year 300,000 more Chinese students will step out of universities compared with last year, but most of them are less anxious to get employed. College graduates have multiple choices now, including starting their own business, applying for higher degrees, etc. The number of college graduates who chose to start their business amounted to 200,000 in 2015, indicating the strong momentum for mass entrepreneurship and innovation in universities. These changes also indicate a mindset shift of Chinese post-95s college graduates, who are more vigorous and innovative, willing to meet challenges and improve themselves at work.
与去年相比，今年走出大学的中国学生将增加 300,000 人，但他们中的大多数人对就业的焦虑程度较低。大学毕业生现在有多种选择，包括创业、申请更高学位等。2015 年选择创业的高校毕业生人数达到 200,000 人，表明高校大众创业和创新势头强劲。这些变化也表明中国 95 后大学毕业生的心态发生了转变，他们更有活力和创新精神，愿意在工作中迎接挑战和提升自我。

2.

微信是中国最受欢迎的智能手机应用程序之一，由腾讯公司在2011年推出。其核心功能是通信，可以向手机通讯录上的微信用户发送免费信息。微信使用起来非常有趣，例如可以用“摇一摇”来结交新朋友。腾讯公司还推出了微信红包服务，用户可以给朋友和家人发红包，红包金额随机分配。现在微信已经发展成为一个超级应用程序，它几乎无所不能。

Launched in 2011 by Tencent, Wechat is one of the most popular smartphone apps in China. The core function of Wechat is messaging, allowing users to send free messages to phone contacts who also use the app. It is enjoyable to use Wechat, for example, “shaking the phone” is a way to make new friends. Tencent has also introduced a “red packet” service which enables users to send digital money to friends and family members in randomized amounts. Wechat has grown into a super-app now, which can be used to do virtually everything.
微信由腾讯于 2011 年推出，是中国最受欢迎的智能手机应用程序之一。Wechat 的核心功能是消息传递，允许用户向同样使用该应用程序的电话联系人发送免费消息。使用微信很有趣，例如，“摇晃电话”是结交新朋友的一种方式。腾讯还推出了一项“红包”服务，使用户能够以随机金额向朋友和家人发送数字货币。微信现在已经成长为一个超级应用程序，几乎可以用来做任何事情。

3.

在过去的几十年中，中国以拥有廉价劳动力而闻名。中国企业中机器人与工人的比例还很低，每10万工厂工人约有36台机器人。然而，根据今年颁布的国家计划“中国制造2025”，我国的劳动密集型工作将逐步交由机器人完成。2016年出台的五年发展计划将使中国制造的机器人在市场份额中翻一倍，到2020年将达到50％。

鉴于目前机器人与工人的低比例，目前为止在中国似乎没有什么证据表明机器人会对就业产生很大影响。今年国家仍有目标创造至少1000万个新的就业岗位。机器人是否会抢走工人的岗位，现在做出任何结论还为时尚早。

During/In the past few decades, China was known for its supply of low-wage labor force. The robot-to-worker ratio in Chinese enterprises is still rather low, about 36 robots per 100,000 fac-tory workers. However, according to the national plan “Made in China 2025” published this year, labor-intensive work in our country will be shifted to robots gradually. The five-year development plan issued in 2016 has doubled the market share of made-in-China robots and the figure is expected to rise to 50 percent by 2020.
期间/过去几十年，中国以其低工资劳动力的供应而闻名。中国企业的机器人与工人的比例仍然相当低，每 100,000 名工人中约有 36 台机器人。但根据今年发布的《中国制造 2025》国家规划，我国劳动密集型工作将逐步转向机器人。2016 年发布的五年发展规划使中国制造的机器人市场份额翻了一番，预计到 2020 年这一数字将上升到 50%。

Given the low robot-to-worker ratio, there seems little evidence that robots are having a big im-pact on employment so far in China. The country remains on target to create at least 10 million new jobs this year. It is still too early to make any conclusions on whether robots will take away workers’ jobs.
鉴于机器人与工人的比例较低，到目前为止，似乎几乎没有证据表明机器人对中国的就业产生了重大影响。该国仍有望在今年创造至少 1000 万个新工作岗位。现在就机器人是否会夺走工人的工作做出任何结论还为时过早。

4.

城乡一体化（urban-rural integration）是我国现代化和城市化发展的一个新阶段。其目的是通过对城乡发展进行统筹规划，并通过体制改革和政策调整，破除城乡二元经济结构（the urban-rural dual economic structure），从而实现城乡在政策上平等、在产业发展模式上互补，让农村居民享受到与城镇居民同样的文明和福利。只有大力推进城乡一体化，我国整个城乡经济才能实现全面、可持续发展。

Urban-rural integration is a new stage in China's development toward modernization and urbanization. It aims to eliminate the urban-rural dual economic structure through integrated planning for urban and rural development, and through institutional reform and policy adjustment, so that the urban and rural areas will achieve policy equality and complement each other in the mode of industrial development, enabling rural residents to enjoy the same civilization and welfare as urban residents. Only by greatly promoting urban-rural integration can the whole urban and rural economy of our country develop comprehensively and sustainably.
城乡融合是中国现代化和城镇化发展的新阶段。旨在通过城乡统筹规划，通过体制改革和政策调整，消除城乡二元经济结构，使城乡在产业发展模式中实现政策对等、优势互补，使农村居民享受与城市居民相同的文明和福利。只有大力推进城乡一体化，我国整个城乡经济才能全面、可持续地发展。

5.

随着社会和经济的飞速发展，中国在国际舞台上发挥着越来越大的作用。在此背景下，我们必须坚守中华文化立场，加快构建中国话语和中国叙事体系（China's discourse and narrative systems），讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音，展现可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象。加强国际传播能力建设，全面提升国际传播效能，形成同我国综合国力和国际地位相匹配（be commensurate with）的国际话语权。深化文明交流互鉴，推动中华文化更好走向世界。

With the rapid development of our society and economy, China is playing an increasingly important role in the international arena. In this context, we should stay firmly rooted in Chinese culture, accelerate the establishment of China's discourse and narrative systems. We should better present China to the world, make China's voice better heard, and present China as a country worthy of friendship, trust, and respect. We should strengthen our capabilities for international communications, strive to make our communications more effective, and establish China's voice in international affairs so that it is commensurate with our composite national strength and international status. We should deepen exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations and better present Chinese culture to the world.
随着我国社会经济的快速发展，中国在国际舞台上发挥着越来越重要的作用。在此背景下，我们应该牢牢扎根中国文化，加快建立中国的话语和叙事体系。我们要更好地向世界展示中国，让中国的声音得到更好的倾听，把中国塑造成一个值得友好、值得信赖和尊重的国家。我们要加强国际交往能力，努力提高交往效率，树立中国在国际事务中的话语权，使其与综合国力和国际地位相适应。我们要深化同其他文明的交流互鉴，更好地向世界展示中华文化。

6.

改革开放以来，中国政府采取了一系列改善生态环境、保护生物多样性的措施。许多重点生态工程得到推进或实施，一大批自然保护区（nature reserve）、生态示范区（ecological demonstration zone）和森林公园先后被设立。今后，我们还需要进一步提升生态系统的多样性、稳定性、持续性，牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展。

Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has taken a series of measures to improve the ecological environment and protect biodiversity. Many key ecological projects have been advanced or implemented, and a large number of nature reserves, ecological demonstration zones and forest parks have been successively established. In the future, we should further enhance the diversity, stability, and sustainability of our ecosystems. We should uphold and act on the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and remember to maintain the harmony between humanity and nature when planning our development.
改革开放以来，中国政府采取了一系列措施来改善生态环境，保护生物多样性。许多重点生态工程得到推进或实施，相继建立了一大批自然保护区、生态示范区和森林公园。未来，我们应该进一步增强生态系统的多样性、稳定性和可持续性。我们应该秉持绿水青山是无价之宝的原则，在规划发展时要牢记维护人与自然的和谐。