(c)

(b)

(d)

Figure 3 Effects of (a) metal ions, (b) anions, (c) arganic ligands and (d) solvents on the structure of MOFs. (a) Reprinted with permission from Ref [27]. e American Chemical Society 2018. (b) Reprinted with permission from Ref [28], O Esevier lnc 2015. (c) Reprinted with permission from Ref [29], o American Chemical Society 2008. (d) Reprinted with permission from Ref [30|,E American Chemical Sodiety 2011.
图 3 金属离子(a)、阴离子(b)、有机配体(c)和溶剂(d)对 MOFs 结构的影响。 (a) 取自参考文献[27]，美国化学学会 2018 年许可转载。 (b) 取自参考文献[28]，爱思唯尔公司 2015 年许可转载。 (c) 取自参考文献[29]，美国化学学会 2008 年许可转载。 (d) 取自参考文献[30]，美国化学学会 2011 年许可转载。

nanometers depending on the actual application to the materials. Additionally, MOFs also have the advantages of tunable framework structures, open metal sites, and controllable morphology. It is precisely because of these characteristics that the application value of MOF materials in the field of energy field has been continuously explored in the past two decades.
纳米米取决于实际应用于材料。此外，MOFs 还具有可调节的框架结构、开放的金属位点和可控的形态的优势。正是因为这些特性，过去二十年来，MOF 材料在能源领域的应用价值不断被探索。

There are two main problems in the used MOFs process: lack of chemical stability and electrical conductivity. To overcome the shortcomings of pristine MOFs and expand its application range, MOF composites have been synthesized and studied. These MOF composites not only exhibit high electrical conductivity, but also possess strong chemical stability (Fig. 4). It is worth noting that the synergistic effect of the interaction between components and structures makes these composites possess new physical/chemical properties, resulting in great activity and stability. For example,
在使用 MOFs 过程中存在两个主要问题：缺乏化学稳定性和电导率。为了克服原始 MOFs 的缺点并扩大其应用范围，已经合成并研究了 MOF 复合材料。这些 MOF 复合材料不仅具有高电导率，而且具有较强的化学稳定性（图 4）。值得注意的是，组分和结构之间相互作用的协同效应使得这些复合材料具有新的物理/化学性质，从而具有很高的活性和稳定性。例如，
MOFs will be combined with conductive components such as polyaniline (PANI), graphene oxide, CNT, and so on [31-34]. For example, Sanko et al. [35] prepared a magnetite MOF@CNT nanohybrid material to enhance pores structure hydrothermally for electrochemical detection of adenine and guanine purine bases. Wang et al. [36] fabricated nano-hybrids (MOF@GO) with intumescent fire retardants by the incorporation of bimetallic MOF and graphene oxide (GO). Moreover, MOF composites can be divided into OD, 1D, 2D, and 3D materials by dimensionality. Each component in the MOF-based composite materials has its own unique function, which can overcome the defects of a single counterpart, produce a synergistic effect, and improve the properties of composites.
MOFs 将与导电组分（如聚苯胺（PANI）、氧化石墨烯、CNT 等）结合[31-34]。例如，Sanko 等人[35]制备了一种磁铁矿 MOF@CNT 纳米杂化材料，通过水热法增强孔结构，用于电化学检测腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤嘌呤碱基。Wang 等人[36]通过合并双金属 MOF 和氧化石墨烯（GO）制备了含膨胀阻燃剂的纳米杂化材料（MOF@GO）。此外，MOF 复合材料可以根据维度分为 OD、1D、2D 和 3D 材料。MOF 基复合材料中的每个组分都有其独特的功能，可以克服单一对应物的缺陷，产生协同效应，并改善复合材料的性能。

Additionally, to synthesize an ideal electrode material, some important factors need to be considered, such as simplicity,
此外，为合成理想的电极材料，需要考虑一些重要因素，如简单性，

Figure4 Schematic illustration of controdled synthesis of MOF composites,
MOF 复合材料受控合成的示意图

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