World's confidence battered as trade uncertainty haunts key IMF meetings
贸易不确定性困扰着国际货币基金组织（IMF）的重要会议，世界信心受到重创

Briefing  简报

• Reeves presses US for cut to tough car and steel levies Chancellor Rachel Reeves will use a trip to the US this week to urge the White House to cut puntive exports. Allies say she will discus a possible trade deal but will stress that Britain will not strike a deal at any price.- PAGE 2
  里夫斯敦促美国削减严厉的汽车和钢铁税财政大臣雷切尔·里夫斯 （Rachel Reeves） 本周将利用美国之行敦促白宫削减高额出口。盟友说她将讨论可能的贸易协议，但会强调英国不会不惜一切代价达成协议。
• Lynch yacht to be raised Italian authorities have approved late UK tycoon Mike Lynch from the seabed, as investigators seek evidence about the accident that killed him and six others.- PAGE 6
  林奇游艇待打捞 意大利当局已批准已故英国大亨迈克·林奇 （Mike Lynch） 从海底起飞，因为调查人员正在寻找有关导致他和其他六人死亡的事故的证据。
• US floats Africa retreat The White House has floated the state department agency that steers policy on the continent, in a draft executive order decried as a “hoax” by Marco Rubio.- PAGE 6
  美国在非洲撤退 白宫在一份行政命令草案中提出了指导非洲大陆政策的国务院机构，该草案被马尔科·卢比奥 （Marco Rubio） 谴责为“骗局”。
• Online giants in China bid Alibaba, JD.com and Pinduoduo help exporters switch to domestic sales, in a national campaign to cushion the economy from trade strife.- PAGE 7; EXPORT FAIR, PAGE 5
  中国在线巨头竞标阿里巴巴、JD.com 和拼多多帮助出口商转向内销，在全国范围内缓解经济免受贸易冲突的影响。EXPORT FAIR， 第 5 页
• Health appointment Samantha Jones, a veteran NHS manager with private sector experience, has been appointed next permanent secretary at the service readies for churn.- PAGE 2
  健康任命 Samantha Jones 是一位具有私营部门经验的资深 NHS 经理，已被任命为下一任常任秘书，为客户流失做好准备。
• Luxury chocolate boom High-end confectioners have shrugged off volatile raw material costs as consumers respond to higher prices and reduced cocoa by trading up.- PAGE 7; LEX, PAGE 16
  豪华巧克力热潮 高端糖果商对波动的原材料成本不屑一顾，因为消费者对价格上涨和以旧换新来减少可可。莱克斯，第 16 页
• Santander leads Europe The Spanish bank has overtaken UBS as continental Europes valuable bank after Donald rout hit the Swiss lender harder than its peers.- PAGE 14
  桑坦德银行引领欧洲 在唐纳德破产对瑞士银行的打击比同行更严重之后，西班牙银行已超越瑞银成为欧洲大陆有价值的银行。
• Lex and Business Life The Lex column, the Business Life column with Emma Jacobs found today on page 16.
  Lex 与商业生活 Lex 专栏，Emma Jacobs 的商业生活专栏，今天第 16 页。
• Policy chiefs gather in Washington - Growth outlook set for cut - Sentiment U-turns from start of year
  政策负责人齐聚华盛顿 - 增长前景下调 - 市场情绪自年初起出现转折

Bank Spring Meetings since Donald Trump’s inauguration as US president. Kristalina Georgieva, the managing director of the IMF, warned last week growth forecasts as “financial markets volatility is up” and “trade policy uncertainty is literally off the charts”. In January, the fund predicted global growth of 3.3 per cent this year and next, with the US set for an expansion of 2.7 per cent this year and 2.1 per cent in 2026.
自唐纳德·特朗普就任美国总统以来的银行春季会议。国际货币基金组织（IMF）总裁克里斯塔利娜·格奥尔基耶娃（Kristalina Georgieva）上周警告称，增长预测是“金融市场波动性上升”和“贸易政策不确定性简直出乎意料”。今年 1 月，该基金预测今明两年全球经济增长 3.3%，美国今年将增长 2.7%，2026 年将增长 2.1%。
ing tariffs ecision announce sweeping tariffs on most of America’s trade
ING 关税 ECISION 宣布对美国大部分贸易征收全面关税
partners on April 2 set in train sharp declines in markets and a swath of downgrades to growth predictions. The twice-yearly Brookings-FT Tiger indices compare indicators of real activ-
4 月 2 日，合作伙伴开始准备市场大幅下跌，并大幅下调对增长预测的评级。一年两次的布鲁金斯学会-FT Tiger 指数比较了实际活跃的指标。
ity, financial markets and confidence with their historical averages, both for
ity、金融市场和信心及其历史平均值，两者都为
advanced and emerging economies. advanced and emerging economies. The confidence numbers for the US est levels since the index began, alongside a sharp deterioration in financial market conditions. Confidence in China and Germany also hovered at depressed levels.
发达经济体和新兴经济体。发达经济体和新兴经济体。自指数开始以来，美国东部标准水平的信心数据，以及金融市场状况的急剧恶化。对中国和德国的信心也徘徊在低迷的水平。
Indicators of real activity in the US remained relatively strong, according to running up to January 2025 and thus predate the introduction of Trump’s trade policies.
根据截至 2025 年 1 月的数据，美国的实际活动指标仍然相对强劲，因此早于特朗普贸易政策的出台。
Some signs continue to point to firm activity in the US, with retail sales jumping 1.4 per cent in March, although this may have been driven partly by a surge
一些迹象继续表明美国经济活动坚挺，3 月份零售额增长了 1.4%，尽管这可能部分是由激增推动的
in auto sales as consumers sought to get head of the tariffs.
在汽车销售中，因为消费者试图获得关税的头部。
"The uncertainty has severely dented consumer confidence and is likely to employment business investment and Federal Reserve’s ability Prasad. “The economy and forestall financial turmoil will be constrained by the pass-through of tariffs intodomestic inflation.”
“不确定性严重削弱了消费者信心，并可能对就业、商业投资和美联储的能力 Prasad 造成影响。”经济和预防金融动荡将受到关税转嫁到国内通胀的限制。
The IMF’s updated growth forecasts group analysts expect global growth of group analysts expect global growth of
国际货币基金组织最新增长预测 集团分析师预期全球增长 分析师预期全球增长
2.1 per cent this year and 2.3 per cent in 2026, warning that risks are “strongly skewed to the downside”.
今年为 2.1%，2026 年为 2.3%，并警告称风险“强烈偏向下行”。
Reeves to press Bessant page 2 Trade news & analysis pages 4 & 5 German bonds rise page 7 Edwin Truman page 21
里夫斯将按贝桑特出版社第2页贸易新闻和分析第4和5页德国债券上涨第7页埃德温·杜鲁门第21页

The plan for what state media has called “AI-driven regulation” goes further than anything seen elsewhere, AI researchers said, while noting that details were scant. Other governments are trying to use AI to become more efficient, from
人工智能研究人员表示，被官方媒体称为“人工智能驱动监管”的计划比其他地方看到的任何东西都更进一步，同时指出细节很少。其他政府正试图使用 AI 来提高效率，从
summarising bills to improving public summarising bills to improving public
改善公众的法案总结 改善公众的法案 改善公众的法案摘要
service delivery, but not to actively suggest changes to current laws by crunchinggovernment and legal data.
服务交付，而不是通过处理政府和法律数据来积极建议修改现行法律。
“This new legislative system, powered by artificial intelligence, will change how we create laws, making the process
“这个由人工智能提供支持的新立法系统将改变我们制定法律的方式，使这个过程

faster and more precise,” said Sheikh Mohammad bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the Dubai ruler and UAE vice-president, according to state media. Ministers recently approved the creatory Intelligence Office, to oversee the legislative AI push. Rony Medaglia, a professor at Copenagen Business School, said the UAE appeared to have an “underlying ambition to basically turn AI into some sort of co-legislator” and described the plan as “very bold”. Keegan McBride, a lecturer at the Oxford Internet Institute, said: In terms of ambition, [the UAE is] right therenear the top.
更快、更精确，“据官方媒体报道，迪拜统治者兼阿联酋副总统谢赫·穆罕默德·本·拉希德·阿勒马克图姆 （Sheikh Mohammad bin Rashid Al Maktoum） 说。部长们最近批准了创造智能办公室（creatory Intelligence Office），以监督人工智能的立法推动。哥本加根商学院教授罗尼·梅达利亚 （Rony Medaglia） 表示，阿联酋似乎“基本上将人工智能转变为某种共同立法者的潜在雄心”，并将该计划描述为“非常大胆”。牛津互联网研究所（Oxford Internet Institute）讲师基冈·麦克布莱德（Keegan McBride）说：就雄心而言，[阿联酋]正处于领先地位。
last year opened a dedicatedy on AI and vehicle, MGX. The UAE plans to use AI to track how laws affect the country’s population and economy by creating a
去年开设了一家专门研究 AI 和车辆的 MGX。阿联酋计划使用 AI 来跟踪法律如何影响该国的人口和经济，方法是创建一个
massive database of federal and local laws, together with public sector data such as court judgments and government services.
联邦和地方法律的庞大数据库，以及法院判决和政府服务等公共部门数据。
The AI will “regularly suggest updates to our legislation”, Sheikh Mohammad said, according to state media. The govmaking by 70 per cent.
据官方媒体报道，AI 将“定期建议更新我们的立法”，Sheikh Mohammad 说。政府制定 70%。
But researchers noted it could face many pitfalls, from the AI becoming inscrutable to its users, to biases caused by its training data and questions over whether AI interprets laws in the same way as humans do.
但研究人员指出，它可能面临许多陷阱，从 AI 变得对用户来说难以捉摸，到其训练数据造成的偏见，以及对 AI 是否以与人类相同的方式解释法律的质疑。
Although AI models are impressive, have reliability issues and bess issues", warned Vincent Straub, researcher at Oxford university. “We can’t trust them.” OpenAl leads race page 14
尽管 AI 模型令人印象深刻，但存在可靠性问题和 bess 问题“，牛津大学研究员 Vincent Straub 警告说。“我们不能相信他们。”OpenAl 领先比赛第 14 页

Reeves to back free trade in US talks
里夫斯将在美国谈判中支持自由贸易

Egyptian billionaire Nassef Sawiris has blamed “years of incompetence” by the
埃及亿万富翁纳塞夫·萨维里斯 （Nassef Sawiris） 将
Conservatives for tax changes that he says have driven him to leave the UK. Sawiris, who is Egypt’s richest man club, told the Financial Times he recently moved his residency from London to Italy and Abu Dhabi, in an interlooking Mayfair’s Berkeley Square that he has since vacated.
他说，反对税收改革的保守派促使他离开英国。埃及首富俱乐部 Sawiris 告诉英国《金融时报》，他最近将居留权从伦敦搬到了意大利和阿布扎比，在梅菲尔的伯克利广场上，他后来搬走了。
He said the decision to move abroad after 15 years of living in the UK was due domiciled residents announced by the previous Tory administration. “You can’t blame Labour,” said Sawiris. “This incompetence by the most left-leaning Conservative party in history.” ative chancellor Jeremy Hunt and confirmed last autumn by his Labour replacement, Rachel Reeves, ended a tax regime that allowed UK residents who declared their permanent home was elsewhere to avoid paying tax on rush of other wealthy individuals who have left or are considering leaving the UK - such as steel tycoon Lakshmi Mittal - following the tax changes, which came into effect on April6. Reeves has taken the brunt of criticism over the series of tax rises intended to address the UK’s dire public finances in order to avoid spiralling interest rates ongovernment debt.
他说，在英国生活 15 年后移居国外的决定是由于前保守党政府宣布的定居居民。“你不能责怪工党，”萨维里斯说。“历史上最左倾的保守党的无能。”前任财政大臣杰里米·亨特 （Jeremy Hunt） 并在去年秋天得到工党继任者雷切尔·里夫斯 （Rachel Reeves） 的证实，结束了一项税收制度，该制度允许宣布其永久居所在其他地方的英国居民避免为其他已经离开或正在考虑离开英国的富人（例如钢铁大亨拉克希米·米塔尔）的涌入纳税，因为税收变化后， 该法案于 4 月 6 日生效。里夫斯首当其冲地因一系列旨在解决英国严峻的公共财政而增加的税收，以避免政府债务利率螺旋式上升。
“I feel bad for her,” Sawiris said about Reeves. “She’s behaving like Margaret
“我为她感到难过，”萨维里斯谈到里夫斯时说。“她的行为举止像玛格丽特
Thatcher on fiscal discipline. Otherwise, the UK would have had a 7 per cent interest rate.”
撒切尔夫人谈财政纪律。否则，英国的利率将是 7%。
Yet he cautioned that Reeves should be more accommodating to wealthy businesspeople given that their tax contributions could play a key role in fundit was likely to be difficult persuading many of the leavers to come back.
然而，他警告说，里夫斯应该更包容富商，因为他们的税收贡献可能在基金中发挥关键作用，说服许多离开者回来可能很困难。

Change of scene: Nassef Sawir accuses the Conservatives of Below, Aston Below, Aston
换个角度：纳塞夫·萨维尔指责保守党 Below， Aston Below， Aston
Villa in action against PSG in against PSG in
维拉对阵巴黎圣日耳曼 对阵巴黎圣日耳曼
the Champions  冠军
League last week League last week
联赛 上周 联赛 上周
Charlie BibbyFT:Hannah  Charlie BibbyFT：汉娜
“High net worth or wealthy entrepreneurs have options. She should treat
“高净值或富有的企业家有选择。她应该治疗
them like they are her best clients” he added. "I don’t know any person in my added. "I don’t know any person in my circle who is not moving this April, or next April if [their children] have Sawiris confirmed that changes to inheritance tax, which were introduced by Labour, also played a role in his decision to give up his UK residency. Reeves
他们就像他们是她最好的客户一样，“他补充道。“我不认识我添加的任何人。”我不知道我圈子里有谁今年 4 月或明年 4 月不会搬家，如果 [他们的孩子] 已经 Sawiris 证实，工党引入的遗产税变化也对他决定放弃英国居留权起到了作用。里夫斯

ance tax at 40 per cent. The change means that wealthy people will be “risking half your net worth” if they die while staying in the UK, Sawiris warned. “On April 7, if a bus hit me [then] my family is bankrupt because they have to pay 40 per cent in taxes, because my assets are not liquid. They have to go through a fire sale to pay that bill.” Sawiris, whose net worth was pegged at $9bn by Forbes, is the youngest son of the late Onsi Sawiris, who founded a construction company in the 1950 s and national corporation now called Orascom Construction.
ance 税为 40%。Sawiris 警告说，这一变化意味着，如果富人在留在英国期间去世，他们将“冒着一半净资产的风险”。“4 月 7 日，如果一辆公共汽车撞了我，[那么]我的家人就破产了，因为他们必须缴纳 40%的税款，因为我的资产没有流动性。”他们必须通过大甩卖来支付这笔账单。Sawiris 的净资产被福布斯定为 90 亿美元，是已故 Onsi Sawiris 的小儿子，Onsi Sawiris 在 1950 年代创立了一家建筑公司，现在是 Orascom Construction 的全国性公司。
As the business grew, the family diversified, entering the cement industry and expanding operations from Egypt into other emerging markets. the coptic Christravel ban by the Muslim Brotherhood, which swept to power in Egypt in 2012 in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings, although it was later deposed in a coup. Muslim Brotherhood came to Egypt and
随着业务的增长，这个家族实现了多元化，进入水泥行业，并将业务从埃及扩展到其他新兴市场。穆斯林兄弟会于 2012 年在阿拉伯起义后席卷埃及掌权的科普特 Christravel 禁令，尽管后来在政变中被废黜。穆斯林兄弟会来到埃及，并
‘I don’t know any person in my circle who is not moving this April, or next April if [their children] have a school year’
“我不知道我圈子里有谁今年 4 月不搬家，或者如果 [他们的孩子] 有学年的话，明年 4 月不会搬家”

Samantha Jones started her career Samantha Jones started her career
萨曼莎·琼斯 （Samantha Jones） 开始了她的职业生涯萨曼莎·琼斯 （Samantha Jones） 开始了她的职业生涯

the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology,
科学、创新和技术部，
M16, the Ulis overseas intelligence equivalent to permew chief, a position its outgoing head Sir Richard Moore prepares to step down this summer. The Treasury is meanwhile in the manent secretary to replace who was promoted to permanent secretary at the Cabinet Office last spring. The exchequer role will be based in London or Darlington.
M16 是 Ulis 海外情报部门的负责人，其即将离任的负责人理查德·摩尔爵士 （Sir Richard Moore） 准备在今年夏天卸任。与此同时，财政部正在接替去年春天被提升为内阁办公室常任秘书的临时秘书。财政部长职位将常驻伦敦或达灵顿。
Alex Thomas, at the Institute for Govturnover at the tank, said the scale of hall would have a strong bels of Whitedelivery of Starmer’s program on the government. He noted that a limited “shuffle” of permanent secretaries was quite common after a general election, as staff who stayed to manage the transition decided to move on.
坦克政府周转研究所的亚历克斯·托马斯 （Alex Thomas） 表示，大厅的规模将对斯塔默对政府的计划产生强烈的影响。他指出，大选后，有限度的常任秘书“洗牌”是很常见的，因为留下来管理过渡的工作人员决定继续前进。
"But this is going to be a big shake-up, he said. “The appointments will set the tone for a chris wormald-led civil serv-
“但这将是一次重大的改组，”他说。这些任命将为克里斯·沃马尔德 （Chris Wormald） 领导的公务员服务定下基调。
ice and will be vital for how departments translate the government’s policies into action.”
ICE 的 ICE 合作，对于各部门如何将政府的政策转化为行动至关重要。
Jones started her career as a nurse before becoming an NHS manager, has trusts and has overseen a national care reform programme. She became an expert adviser on NHS transformation and social care to Boris Johnson when he was prime minister.
琼斯在成为 NHS 经理之前是一名护士，她的职业生涯始于护士，拥有信托基金并监督了一项国家护理改革计划。在鲍里斯·约翰逊 （Boris Johnson） 担任首相期间，她成为鲍里斯·约翰逊 （Boris Johnson） 的 NHS 转型和社会护理专家顾问。
The government declined to comment on the next health department appointment was announced.
政府拒绝就宣布的下一个卫生部门任命发表评论。

Published by  发布者

Editor Roula Khalaf  编辑 Roula Khalaf

The government is pushing for domestic buyer to take over the deepsea mining exploration licences it sponsors in the Pacific Ocean, as it
政府正在推动国内买家接管其在太平洋赞助的深海采矿勘探许可证，因为它
seeks to get ahead in the global race for precious seabed metals.
力求在全球贵金属竞争中领先。
Norway’ Norway’s Loke Marine MK Seabed Resources, filed for bankruptcy earlier this month after struggling to raise capital. This kick-started an auction process for two UK government-backed exploration permits.
挪威的 Loke Marine MK Seabed Resources 在努力筹集资金后，本月早些时候申请破产。这启动了两个英国政府支持的勘探许可证的拍卖程序。
The transfer of the licences may be reviewed under the UK S National Secu-
许可证的转让可以根据 UK S National Secu- 进行审查
rity Investment Act, a Department for Business and Trade official wrote earlier this month in an email, seen by the Financial Times, to Loke’s chief executive Walter Sognnes. Having a Norwegian parent company for UKSR would be problematic, the official said, add-
本月早些时候，英国商业和贸易部（Department for Business and Trade）的一名官员在给陆兆福首席执行官沃尔特·索恩斯（Walter Sognnes）的电子邮件中写道。这位官员说，为 UKSR 设立挪威母公司将是有问题的，并补充说——
ing: “We would strongly suggest that you investigate restructuring as a UK holding company as a priority.” The act gives the government powers to scrutinise and intervene in business
ing： “我们强烈建议您优先研究作为一家英国控股公司的重组。”该法案赋予政府审查和干预企业的权力
rity. The UK’s business and t departmentdeclined to comment. interest in the competition for battery metals including nickel, cobalt and copper that are found on the seabed, following signals from US President Trump in recent weeks that he wants to fast-track the fledgling industry.
里蒂。英国商业和贸易部门拒绝置评。在美国总统特朗普最近几周表示他希望快速发展这个新兴行业之后，人们对海底发现的镍、钴和铜等电池金属的竞争产生了兴趣。
Under current regulation, seabed tional waters must be backed or sponsored by states that have ratified the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
根据现行法规，海底水域必须得到已批准《联合国海洋法公约》的国家的支持或赞助。
China is expected to dominate the seabloration licences in international
预计中国将在国际 seabloration 许可证中占据主导地位
exploratione waters than any other coun But Norway has outlined plans to become the first country in the world to conduct deep-sea mining on a commercial scale in its own national waters.
勘探水域 比任何其他国家都多但挪威已经制定了计划，成为世界上第一个在本国水域进行商业规模深海采矿的国家。
In contrast, countries including the hedging their bets on the future of seabed exploration as they try to balance environmental opposition with efforts to strengthen Europe’s critical mineral supply chains.
相比之下，包括在内的国家在试图平衡环境反对与加强欧洲关键矿产供应链的努力时，对海底勘探的未来进行对冲。
sor contracts allocated by the de facto regulator, the Jamaica-based International Seabed Authority, for exploration of the seabed that lies under international waters. Even as geopolitical inter-
由事实上的监管机构，总部位于牙买加的国际海底管理局分配的 sor 合同，用于勘探位于国际水域下的海底。即使地缘政治间
est in seabed metals grows, the industry has struggled to attract capital.
EST 在 Seabed Metals 增长中，该行业一直在努力吸引资本。
The ISA last year told Loke’s chief executive that UKSR was “at risk of noncompliance” with its exploration contracts, according to correspondence seen by the FT. UKSR was sold by US defence contractor Lockheed Martin to Loke in 2023.
根据英国《金融时报》看到的信件，ISA 去年告诉陆兆福的首席执行官，UKSR “面临不遵守”其勘探合同的风险。UKSR 于 2023 年被美国国防承包商洛克希德马丁公司出售给陆兆福。
The entity has also fallen behind on its
该实体也落后于其

Activist grandmas lead climate change battle
活动家奶奶领导气候变化斗争

ATTRACTA MOONEY  阿特拉塔·穆尼						Ali Rowe, a 50-year-old psychiatric 50 岁的精神病学家 Ali Rowe
						nurse and child and adolescent mental 护士和儿童及青少年精神病
Hilary Farey is many things: a retired 希拉里·法雷 （Hilary Farey） 身兼数职：退休人士						health specialist, was accused of break- 健康专家被指控犯有
GP, a mother of three, a grandma, a prac- GP、三个孩子的母亲、奶奶、执业医师
tising Roman Catholic. Now another tising 罗马天主教。现在又一个
possible descriptor looms: convict. 可能的描述符若隐若现：罪犯。
The 64-year-old, who lives in Bristol, 这位 64 岁的老人住在布里斯托尔，
is due to appear in court next year after 将于明年出庭
being arrested while taking part in a Just 在参加公正
Stop Oil climate protest on London's 伦敦的停止石油气候抗议活动
Waterloo Bridge in 2023. 2023 年的滑铁卢大桥。
She is part of a growing movement of older women playing a vocal and visible role in climate activismglobally. 她是日益增长的老年女性运动的一部分，在全球气候行动主义中发挥着直言不讳和可见的作用。
				Hilary Farey, 64, faces trial for her activism, which was inspired by her mother, Iris, below right. Ali Rowe, 50, above left, was accused of breaking windows at JPMorgan in 2022 - Gareth Iwan Jones|FF: Gareth Morris 64 岁的希拉里·法雷 （Hilary Farey） 因她的活动主义而面临审判，她的活动受到她母亲艾里斯 （Iris） 的启发，右下。50 岁的阿里·罗（上图左）被指控在 2022 年打破摩根大通的窗户 - Gareth Iwan Jones|FF：加雷斯·莫里斯
ee more leadership from women". 希望女性发挥更多领导作用”。
Many of the women she refers to are 她提到的许多女性都是
	connected to the earth", the "return of connected to the earth“、”return of		earlier as part of my wanting to do more 早些时候作为我想做更多事情的一部分		struggled with the juxtaposition of the 努力应对
	the witches". "They are the women who 女巫”。“她们是那些	ism started at a young age when she appeared in the media alongside her sib- lings after her GP mother, Iris Tem- 主义始于很小的时候，当时她与她的兄弟姐妹一起出现在媒体上，以她的全科医生母亲 Iris Tem-	for the climate." In November 2023, she 为了气候。2023 年 11 月，她		government declaring a climate emer- 政府宣布气候	ingeffects on the planet. IngEffects 对地球的影响。
	would have been burnt as witches." 会像女巫一样被烧死。			was arrested and charged under the 被捕并被指控	gency at the same time as it supported gency 同时支持	But direct action protests are unpopu- 但直接行动的抗议活动并不受欢迎——
	While women are more likely to take 虽然女性更有可能服用	powski, took a stand against the Catho- powski 站出来反对天主教		newly introduced offence of interfer- 新引入的干扰罪	the expansion of Heathrow airport. 希思罗机场的扩建。	lar, causing disruption on roads and at lar，对道路造成干扰，并在
	part in non-confrontational climate 非对抗性气候的一部分	lic Church's ban on contraception. lic Church 的避孕禁令。		ence with key national infrastructure, 与关键的国家基础设施合作，	Brown, who was born in Ghana and 布朗出生于加纳，	sporting events, key landmarks and 体育赛事、主要地标和
	actions, according to research, the XR 行动，根据研究，XR	Later Farey got involved in anti- 后来，法雷卷入了反		which carries a maximum sentence of 最高刑期为	moved to the UK aged 10, has since been 10 岁移居英国，此后一直	institutions. Research led by the Univer- 机构。由大学领导的研究
		poverty campaigning often linked to her 扶贫运动经常与她联系在一起	12 months imprisonment, for taking 因服用而被判处 12 个月监禁		acquitted at three separate trials for 在三次独立的审判中被判无罪	sity of Bristol found that while about sity of Bristol 发现，虽然大约
	'I have been a very, very “我一直是一个非常非常	Catholic faith. The Pope's 2015 missive 天主教信仰。教皇 2015 年的信函	part in a so-called slow march on Water- 参与所谓的 Slow March on Water-	loo Bridge. "I have been a very, very law- loo 桥。“我一直是一个非常、非常合法的人——	three different protests, including over 三种不同的抗议活动，包括	eight in 10 Britons believed climate 十分之八的英国人认为气候
Society has disempowered older 社会剥夺了老年人的权力	law-abiding citizen  守法公民	save the planet from environmental 从环境中拯救地球		abiding citizen forever... I never 永远的公民......我从来没有	the breaking of windows at 窗户的破裂	thirds disapproved of JustStop Oil. 三分之一的人不赞成 JustStop Oil。
women and often views them suspi- 女性，并经常认为她们可疑	forever . . I never thought 永远。.我从来没有想过	ruin - was a "big wake-up call". Ruin - 是一个“巨大的警钟”。	thought I could be in prison," she says. 以为我可能会进监狱，“她说。		"We are the generation that grew up “我们是成长的一代	Farey "hates" the impact protests can 法雷“讨厌”抗议活动的影响
ciously, she says, and this comes at a 她说，这发生在		She describes carrying out the six- 她描述了执行 6 个		Valerie Brown, a 73-year-old grand- 瓦莱丽·布朗 （Valerie Brown），一位 73 岁的孙辈	with an ideal and vision of love and 怀揣着爱的理想和愿景	have. "I can understand why people's 有。“我能理解为什么人们
time when "our oestrogen levels drop" “我们的雌激素水平下降”的时间	I could be in prison' 我可能会进监狱'	week checks, the routine health exami- 每周检查，例行健康检查-		mother of 12, went to see the XR pro- 12 个孩子的妈妈去看了 XR pro-	peace. We rebelled, we protested, we 和平。我们反抗，我们抗议，我们	hearts would sink as they approached a 当他们接近
alongside "our willingness and capacity 除了“我们的意愿和能力		nations of young babies, and thinking: 年幼的婴儿国家，并思考：		tests in 2019, although she did not ini- 测试，尽管她没有	believed that the world needed to 相信世界需要	blockage," she says. "But look at the dis- 阻塞，“她说。“但看看 dis——
to keep the peace". 以维护和平”。	campaigns that emerged six years ago 六年前出现的广告活动	"What does their future hold for them?" “他们的未来会怎样？”		tially take part. She came to "knowing 经常参加。她开始“知道	change, and we did great things," she 改变，我们做了伟大的事情，“她	ruption caused by the floods in Valen- 瓦伦洪水造成的破裂
Many older women also feel a "fierce 许多老年女性也感到“凶猛	were dominated by female activists - 由女性活动家主导 -	Still, she took a more cautious 尽管如此，她还是采取了更谨慎的措施		about climate change very late", citing 对气候变化的评价很晚“，引用	says about her younger years. 说到她年轻的时候。	cia . . . or the fires in Los Angeles. 中央情报局。。。或者洛杉矶的火灾。
protection for life" that is "not going to 保护生命“，即”不会	many of whom had little prior experi- 他们中的许多人之前几乎没有经验	approach to climate activism until she 气候行动主义的方法，直到她	watching documentaries such as Before 观看纪录片，例如 之前	the Flood alongside her grandson as 洪水与她的孙子一起作为	Now, that generation is protesting again. "We have to do something for our 现在，那一代人又开始抗议了。“我们必须为我们的	and prevent is on a scale completely 和 prevent 完全在一个尺度上
calls the rise in activism among women 呼吁女性行动主义的兴起	Farey took part in XR's first "upris- Farey 参加了 XR 的第一次“起义——	didn't really want to do anything that 我真的不想做那种事情	awakening an interest. She started 唤醒兴趣。她开始		again. "We have to do something for our ${}_{\text{children}}$${}_{\text{children }}$_("children "){ }_{\text {children }} and grandchildren. We've 再。“我们必须为我们 ${}_{\text{children}}$${}_{\text{children }}$_("children "){ }_{\text {children }} 和孙子们做点什么。我们已经	beyond any disruption we might cause." 超越我们可能造成的任何干扰。
who are older, neurodivergent or "feel 年龄较大、神经多样性或“感觉					woken up and it's our duty." 醒来后，这是我们的责任。	Martin Sandbu page 21 马丁·桑德布 第 21 页

ATTRACTA MOONEY https://cdn.mathpix.com/cropped/2025_06_07_12084f4672765dbcba61g-3.jpg?height=867&width=975&top_left_y=498&top_left_x=431 https://cdn.mathpix.com/cropped/2025_06_07_12084f4672765dbcba61g-3.jpg?height=427&width=580&top_left_y=497&top_left_x=1424 Ali Rowe, a 50-year-old psychiatric nurse and child and adolescent mental Hilary Farey is many things: a retired health specialist, was accused of break- GP, a mother of three, a grandma, a prac- tising Roman Catholic. Now another possible descriptor looms: convict. The 64-year-old, who lives in Bristol, is due to appear in court next year after being arrested while taking part in a Just Stop Oil climate protest on London's Waterloo Bridge in 2023. She is part of a growing movement of older women playing a vocal and visible role in climate activismglobally. Hilary Farey, 64, faces trial for her activism, which was inspired by her mother, Iris, below right. Ali Rowe, 50, above left, was accused of breaking windows at JPMorgan in 2022 - Gareth Iwan Jones|FF: Gareth Morris https://cdn.mathpix.com/cropped/2025_06_07_12084f4672765dbcba61g-3.jpg?height=433&width=389&top_left_y=939&top_left_x=1618 ee more leadership from women". Many of the women she refers to are connected to the earth", the "return of earlier as part of my wanting to do more struggled with the juxtaposition of the the witches". "They are the women who ism started at a young age when she appeared in the media alongside her sib- lings after her GP mother, Iris Tem- for the climate." In November 2023, she government declaring a climate emer- ingeffects on the planet. would have been burnt as witches." was arrested and charged under the gency at the same time as it supported But direct action protests are unpopu- While women are more likely to take powski, took a stand against the Catho- newly introduced offence of interfer- the expansion of Heathrow airport. lar, causing disruption on roads and at part in non-confrontational climate lic Church's ban on contraception. ence with key national infrastructure, Brown, who was born in Ghana and sporting events, key landmarks and actions, according to research, the XR Later Farey got involved in anti- which carries a maximum sentence of moved to the UK aged 10, has since been institutions. Research led by the Univer- poverty campaigning often linked to her 12 months imprisonment, for taking acquitted at three separate trials for sity of Bristol found that while about 'I have been a very, very Catholic faith. The Pope's 2015 missive part in a so-called slow march on Water- loo Bridge. "I have been a very, very law- three different protests, including over eight in 10 Britons believed climate Society has disempowered older law-abiding citizen save the planet from environmental abiding citizen forever... I never the breaking of windows at thirds disapproved of JustStop Oil. women and often views them suspi- forever . . I never thought ruin - was a "big wake-up call". thought I could be in prison," she says. "We are the generation that grew up Farey "hates" the impact protests can ciously, she says, and this comes at a She describes carrying out the six- Valerie Brown, a 73-year-old grand- with an ideal and vision of love and have. "I can understand why people's time when "our oestrogen levels drop" I could be in prison' week checks, the routine health exami- mother of 12, went to see the XR pro- peace. We rebelled, we protested, we hearts would sink as they approached a alongside "our willingness and capacity nations of young babies, and thinking: tests in 2019, although she did not ini- believed that the world needed to blockage," she says. "But look at the dis- to keep the peace". campaigns that emerged six years ago "What does their future hold for them?" tially take part. She came to "knowing change, and we did great things," she ruption caused by the floods in Valen- Many older women also feel a "fierce were dominated by female activists - Still, she took a more cautious about climate change very late", citing says about her younger years. cia . . . or the fires in Los Angeles. protection for life" that is "not going to many of whom had little prior experi- approach to climate activism until she watching documentaries such as Before the Flood alongside her grandson as Now, that generation is protesting again. "We have to do something for our and prevent is on a scale completely calls the rise in activism among women Farey took part in XR's first "upris- didn't really want to do anything that awakening an interest. She started again. "We have to do something for our _("children ") and grandchildren. We've beyond any disruption we might cause." who are older, neurodivergent or "feel woken up and it's our duty." Martin Sandbu page 21| ATTRACTA MOONEY |  | | |  | | Ali Rowe, a 50-year-old psychiatric | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | | | | nurse and child and adolescent mental | | Hilary Farey is many things: a retired | | | | health specialist, was accused of break- | | GP, a mother of three, a grandma, a prac- | | | | | | tising Roman Catholic. Now another | | | | | | possible descriptor looms: convict. | | | | | | The 64-year-old, who lives in Bristol, | | | | | | is due to appear in court next year after | | | | | | being arrested while taking part in a Just | | | | | | Stop Oil climate protest on London's | | | | | | Waterloo Bridge in 2023. | | | | | | She is part of a growing movement of older women playing a vocal and visible role in climate activismglobally. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Hilary Farey, 64, faces trial for her activism, which was inspired by her mother, Iris, below right. Ali Rowe, 50, above left, was accused of breaking windows at JPMorgan in 2022 - Gareth Iwan Jones\|FF: Gareth Morris |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ee more leadership from women". | | | | | | | | Many of the women she refers to are | | | | | | | | | | | connected to the earth", the "return of | | earlier as part of my wanting to do more | | | | struggled with the juxtaposition of the | | | | the witches". "They are the women who | ism started at a young age when she appeared in the media alongside her sib- lings after her GP mother, Iris Tem- | for the climate." In November 2023, she | | | | government declaring a climate emer- | ingeffects on the planet. | | | would have been burnt as witches." | | | | | was arrested and charged under the | gency at the same time as it supported | But direct action protests are unpopu- | | | While women are more likely to take | powski, took a stand against the Catho- | | | | newly introduced offence of interfer- | the expansion of Heathrow airport. | lar, causing disruption on roads and at | | | part in non-confrontational climate | lic Church's ban on contraception. | | | | ence with key national infrastructure, | Brown, who was born in Ghana and | sporting events, key landmarks and | | | actions, according to research, the XR | Later Farey got involved in anti- | | | | which carries a maximum sentence of | moved to the UK aged 10, has since been | institutions. Research led by the Univer- | | | | poverty campaigning often linked to her | 12 months imprisonment, for taking | | | | acquitted at three separate trials for | sity of Bristol found that while about | | | 'I have been a very, very | Catholic faith. The Pope's 2015 missive | part in a so-called slow march on Water- | | | loo Bridge. "I have been a very, very law- | three different protests, including over | eight in 10 Britons believed climate | | Society has disempowered older | law-abiding citizen | save the planet from environmental | | | | abiding citizen forever... I never | the breaking of windows at | thirds disapproved of JustStop Oil. | | women and often views them suspi- | forever . . I never thought | ruin - was a "big wake-up call". | thought I could be in prison," she says. | | | | "We are the generation that grew up | Farey "hates" the impact protests can | | ciously, she says, and this comes at a | | She describes carrying out the six- | | | | Valerie Brown, a 73-year-old grand- | with an ideal and vision of love and | have. "I can understand why people's | | time when "our oestrogen levels drop" | I could be in prison' | week checks, the routine health exami- | | | | mother of 12, went to see the XR pro- | peace. We rebelled, we protested, we | hearts would sink as they approached a | | alongside "our willingness and capacity | | nations of young babies, and thinking: | | | | tests in 2019, although she did not ini- | believed that the world needed to | blockage," she says. "But look at the dis- | | to keep the peace". | campaigns that emerged six years ago | "What does their future hold for them?" | | tially take part. She came to "knowing | change, and we did great things," she | ruption caused by the floods in Valen- | | Many older women also feel a "fierce | were dominated by female activists - | Still, she took a more cautious | | about climate change very late", citing | says about her younger years. | cia . . . or the fires in Los Angeles. | | protection for life" that is "not going to | many of whom had little prior experi- | approach to climate activism until she | watching documentaries such as Before | the Flood alongside her grandson as | Now, that generation is protesting again. "We have to do something for our | and prevent is on a scale completely | | calls the rise in activism among women | Farey took part in XR's first "upris- | didn't really want to do anything that | awakening an interest. She started | | again. "We have to do something for our ${ }_{\text {children }}$ and grandchildren. We've | beyond any disruption we might cause." | | who are older, neurodivergent or "feel | | | | | woken up and it's our duty." | Martin Sandbu page 21 |