Further Listening Unit 4 P60
进一步聆听单元 4P60
Conversation:
对话 ：
1 What are the speakers talking about?
1 演讲者在谈论什么？
A Potential choices for an art feature for their town.
A 他们城镇的艺术专题的潜在选择 。
B Some local cinemas hosting entertainment activities.
B 一些当地电影院举办娱乐活动。
C Job opportunities created by some new art projects in their area.
C 他们所在地区的一些新艺术项目创造的工作机会。
D Proven benefits of having diverse art activities in the community.
2 What does the woman think of the cinema project?
2 这位女士如何看待电影项目？
A It’s her favorite because of its state-of-the-art technology.
答：这是她的最爱，因为它拥有最先进的技术。
B It’s her top choice because of its economic benefits for the town.
B 这是她的首选，因为它对小镇有经济利益。
C It’s not an ideal project due to possibly limited use by young people.
C 这不是一个理想的项目，因为年轻人的使用可能有限。
D It’s not the best choice for the town due to the high construction costs.
D 由于施工成本高，它不是该镇的最佳选择。
3 What does the woman say about the botanical garden project?
3 这位女士对植物园项目有什么看法？
A It lacks an appealing variety of plants and birds.
答：它缺乏各种吸引人的植物和鸟类。
B It has a poor environment for immersive activities.
B 沉浸式活动环境不佳。
C It allows visitors to interact and connect with nature.
C 它允许游客与大自然互动和联系。
D It provides great educational opportunities for adults
D 它为成年人提供了很好的教育机会.
4 What will help lower the maintenance costs of the botanical garden?
4 什么有助于降低植物园的维护成本？
A An irrigation system with the latest water conservation technology.
A 采用最新节水技术的灌溉系统。
B An eco-friendly color for facilities to match the natural environment.
B 与自然环境相匹配的设施的环保颜色。
C A volunteer group that builds a durable and self-sustaining irrigation system.
C 一个志愿者团体，建立一个耐用且自给自足的灌溉系统。
D A building design that adopts the strictest maintenance standards for gardens.
D 采用最严格的花园维护标准的建筑设计。
Scripts:
脚本：
W: Well, we now have our shortlist for the new feature that we’re going to put into the town center. Which one gets your vote, Tim?
W：嗯，我们现在有了要放入城镇中心的新功能的候选名单。Tim，哪一个会得到你的投票？
M: Um, I’m really in favor of the state-of-theart multiplex cinema. I think it would be most useful and beneficial for the community. It will be used a great deal. It will also bring jobs to the area, and I think it would provide entertainment and activities for young people.
M：嗯，我真的很赞成最先进的多厅影院。我认为这对社区来说是最有用和有益的。它将被大量使用。它还将为该地区带来就业机会，我认为它将为年轻人提供娱乐和活动。
W: I see what you’re saying. One thing that would concern me, though, is that it’s gonna be very, very expensive to build.
W：我明白你在说什么。不过，让我担心的一件事是，建造起来会非常非常昂贵。
M: I know, but considering the benefits the cinema could bring to the community, I think it would be a great choice. What about you, Sarah? Do you have any favorites so far?
M：我知道，但考虑到电影院可以为社区带来的好处，我认为这将是一个不错的选择。你呢，莎拉？到目前为止 ，你有什么最喜欢的吗？
W: Well, I personally would opt for the botanical garden.
W：嗯，我个人会选择植物园。
M: The botanical garden? It would just be a collection of plants and flowers. How would it be appealing to the public? Would people really want to visit a garden instead of watching a movie?
师父：植物园？它只是植物和花卉的集合。它将如何吸引公众？人们真的想在看电影后参观花园吗？
W: Well, I would, for one! And I think many others would, too! A garden is more interactive and immersive than a movie. People could walk around, smell the flowers, and take photos. The plants and flowers will attract birds and butterflies, which would give visitors a unique and memorable experience to connect with nature. And there would be a lot of learning opportunities for children.
W：嗯，我会的，就一个！我想很多人也会！花园比电影更具互动性和沉浸感。人们可以四处走动，闻花香，拍照。植物和花卉将吸引鸟类和苍蝇，这将为游客带来与大自然接触的独特而难忘的体验。孩子们会有很多学习机会。
M: I guess you have a point there. But don’t you think this botanical garden will have very high maintenance costs?
M：我想你说得有道理。但是你不觉得这个植物园的维护成本会非常高吗？
W: Not really. The project has a durable and self-sustaining system. The garden will meet green building design and maintenance standards, and its irrigation system will have the newest water-saving technology. The cost of human labor would not be high either because there would be a volunteer group to take care of it.
W：不完全是。该项目有一个持久且自我维持的系统。花园将符合绿色建筑设计和维护标准，其灌溉系统将采用最新的节水技术。人类实验室的成本也不会很高，因为会有一个志愿者团体来照顾它。
M: OK, I’m starting to come around. Maybe a botanical garden is not such a bad idea after all.
M：好的，我开始回过头来了。也许植物园毕竟不是一个坏主意。
Passage:
通道 ：
1 What does the passage mainly discuss?
1 这段话主要讨论什么呢？
A The process of painting the Mona Lisa.
A 蒙娜丽莎的绘画过程。
B The reasons for the fame of the Mona Lisa.
B 蒙娜丽莎成名的原因。
C The influence of the Mona Lisa on Italian art.
D The techniques used in preserving the Mona Lisa.
D 用于保存蒙娜丽莎的技术。
2 Who is the person painted in the Mona Lisa?
2 蒙娜丽莎画的人是谁？
A A woman who liked painting.
A 喜欢绘画的女人。
B A woman who was a merchant.
C The wife of a wealthy merchant.
C 一个富商的妻子。
D The wife of a famous Italian artist.
D 一位意大利著名艺术家的妻子。
3 What made it possible for the Mona Lisa to survive for centuries?
3 是什么让蒙娜丽莎能够存活几个世纪呢？
A The quality of the oil paints on the surface.
A 表面油画颜料的质量。
B The texture of the frame holding the painting.
B 支撑画作的框架的纹理。
C The type of canvas used to protect the wood frame.
C 用于保护木框架的帆布类型。
D The use of a wood panel as the material to paint on.
D 使用木板作为绘画材料。
4 What do we learn about the painting style and techniques used in the Mona Lisa?
4 关于蒙娜丽莎的绘画风格和技巧，我们学到了什么？
A The landscape was painted with a unique close-up view.
B The subject’s eyes and nose were painted with shadows.
B 对象的眼睛和鼻子被画上了阴影。
C Some brush marks were left in the background on purpose.
C 一些刷痕是故意在背景中留下的。
D The subject’s hands and face were painted with great precision.
D 拍摄对象的手和脸被画得非常精确。
Scripts:
脚本：
The Mona Lisa is probably the most famous painting in the world. It was created by Leonardo da Vinci, the famous Italian artist, in the early 16th century. The subject is the wife of a wealthy silk merchant in Italy. The woman’s husband requested Leonardo to portray her as a celebration of their home’s completion and the birth of their second son. What is it about this painting that has created such a lasting impact on the art world?
One factor is the artist himself. Leonardo da Vinci was not only an artist, but also a scientist, an architect, and an engineer. His knowledge of the human form came from the study of actual human bodies, so he was able to draw and paint his subjects more accurately.
Another factor is the material used for the painting. The Mona Lisa is an oil painting, but unlike other paintings, which are usually created on canvas, the Mona Lisa has a wood panel as the surface. The use of a wood panel made it possible for the work to survive for so long.
Lastly, the style and techniques used for the painting make the Mona Lisa a masterpiece. Leonardo da Vinci presented precise details in the subject’s hands and face. He applied a shadowing technique at the corners of her lips and eyes, which gave her an unbelievably lifelike appearance. He also created a background with aerial views and a beautiful landscape. His remarkable skills left behind no visible brush marks at all.
All these factors – Leonardo da Vinci’s talent, the medium used for the painting, and the style and techniques applied in the work – contribute to the lasting and mysterious beauty of the Mona Lisa.
Lectures:
讲座：
Lecture 1
第一讲
1 What is the main characteristic of representational art?
1 具象艺术的主要特点是什么？
A It portrays clear and detailed views of the land.
答：它清晰而详细地描绘了这片土地的景色。
B It depicts objects with great similarity to things in real life.
B 它描绘的物体与现实生活中的事物非常相似。
C It presents mythological scenes in historical real-world settings.
C 它在历史、现实世界的背景中呈现神话场景。
D It avoids the representation of religious matters in sculptures and paintings.
D 它避免在雕塑和绘画中表现宗教事务。
2 What does the speaker say about the styles of representational art?
2 演讲者对具象艺术的风格有什么看法？
A They have different degrees of abstraction now.
答：他们现在有不同程度的抽象。
B They were once little known by the general public.
B 他们曾经鲜为人知。
C They have gradually lost popularity in the modern era.
C 他们在现代逐渐失去了人气。
D They do not favor abstract depiction of actual objects.
D 他们不喜欢对实际物体的抽象描绘。
3 What is a distinctive feature of non-representational art?
3 非具象艺术的显着特征是什么？
A Simple shapes are often combined in a symmetrical way.
答：Simple 形状通常以对称的方式组合。
B Artists use multiple lines and colors to depict real objects.
B 艺术家使用多条线条和颜色来描绘真实物体。
C Viewers can have different interpretations of a piece of work.
C 观众可以对作品有不同的解释。
D Abstract objects are portrayed by the use of thick, straight lines.
D Abstract 对象通过使用粗而直的线条来描绘。
4 What can be inferred from the lecture?
4 从讲座中可以推断出什么呢？
A How line patterns are used in a painting shows an artist’s style.
A 画中如何使用线条图案 显示了艺术家的风格。
B What color a painting focuses on can have rich abstract meanings.
B 一幅画关注什么颜色可以具有丰富的抽象含义。
C People may sometimes disagree on the genre of a particular painting.
C 人们有时可能会对特定绘画的体裁产生分歧。
D The meaning of an artwork is determined by the genre under which it falls.
D 艺术作品的含义取决于它所属的流派。
Scripts:
脚本：
Representational art refers to works of art, especially paintings and sculptures, that are clearly created based on real-world sources and hence portray something with strong similarity to objects that exist in real life. Landscapes, portraits, and still lifes are all examples of representational artworks, as they depict recognizable real-world subjects. Other types of representational art include works about everyday occurrences or historical and mythological scenes, among others.
具象艺术是指艺术作品，尤其是绘画和雕塑，它们显然是根据现实世界的来源创作的，因此描绘的事物与现实生活中存在的物体非常相似。风景、肖像和静态作品都是具象艺术作品的例子，因为它们描绘了可识别的现实世界主题。其他类型的具象艺术包括关于日常事件或历史和神话场景的作品等。
The majority of ancient art is considered representational. The earliest sculptures and paintings were mostly based on real individuals or actual scenes from nature, until the Middle Ages in Europe, when the focus of representation shifted to religious matters.
大多数古代 art 被认为是代表性的。最早的雕塑和绘画大多基于真实的个人或自然界的真实场景，直到欧洲的中世纪，表现的重点转向宗教事务。
Despite various innovations, representational art continues to be a popular form of art today, well received by both audiences and critics. Some of its styles are very familiar to the general public,
尽管创新方式各异 ，具象艺术在今天仍然是一种流行的艺术形式，受到观众和评论家的好评。它的一些风格为普通大众非常熟悉，
including Realism, Impressionism, and Idealism. All of them depict real-world subjects. Even though some styles are moving toward abstraction, they are nonetheless considered representational.
包括现实主义、印象派和理想主义。它们都描绘了真实的主题 。尽管某些样式正在走向抽象，但它们仍然被认为是具象的。
Claude Monet’s impressionist painting, Waterloo Bridge, Sunlight Effect, created in 1903, is a perfect example. It is loose and vague, but it still clearly represents a bridge, boats, and distant buildings in a surrounding seascape. Hence, it still falls under the category of representational art.
克劳德·莫奈 （Claude Monet） 的印象派画作《滑铁卢桥，阳光效应》（Waterloo Bridge， Sunlight Effect） 创作于 1903 年，就是一个很好的例子。它是松散而模糊的， 但它仍然清楚地代表了周围海景中的桥梁、船只和远处的建筑物。因此，它仍然属于具象艺术的范畴。
Non-representational art, however, is different from representational art. Art pieces of this genre tend further toward abstraction, where the lines, colors, and shapes themselves are the focus. Such works bear no similarity to any objects in the actual world. The goal of the artists is to create something seen as abstract. The beauty of non-representational art is that its meaning is subjective. The lack of any easily recognizable objects allows viewers to generate their own interpretation of the work.
然而，非具象艺术与具象艺术不同。这种类型的艺术作品更倾向于抽象，其中线条、颜色和形状本身是重点。这些作品与现实世界中的任何物体都没有相似之处。艺术家的目标是创造一些被视为抽象的东西。非反驳艺术的美妙之处在于它的意义是主观的。没有任何易于识别的物体，使观众能够对作品产生自己的解释。
Take Tableau I as an example. It is a 1921 painting by the Dutch artist Piet Mondrian. The painting consists of rectangles in three primary colors – red, yellow, and blue, with the rectangles separated by thick, straight black lines. The painting appears to have no rhyme or reason, but the asymmetrical balance created through a combination of simple shapes is nonetheless appealing.
以 Tableau I 为例。这是荷兰艺术家皮特·蒙德里安 （Piet Mondrian） 于 1921 年创作的一幅画作。拼图由三种原色的矩形组成 - 红色、黄色和蓝色，矩形由粗而直的黑色线条分隔。这幅画似乎没有韵律或理由，但通过简单的形状组合创造的不对称平衡仍然很吸引人。
The line separating representational and non-representational art can be very thin, as there is still considerable crossover between them. Due to the subjective nature of art, audiences and reviewers sometimes disagree on how to classify specific works based on their personal preferences.
具象艺术和非具象艺术之间的界限可能非常细，因为它们之间仍然存在相当大的交叉。由于艺术的主观性，观众和评论家有时会根据他们的个人喜好对特定作品进行分类存在分歧。
Lecture 2:
第 2 讲：
1 What does the speaker say about John Denver’s music?
1 演讲者对约翰·丹佛的音乐有什么看法？
A It was little known outside his home country.
答：在他的祖国以外，人们鲜为人知。
B It was popular for a very short period of time.
B 它在很短的时间内就流行起来了。
C It has received a large number of prizes and honors.
C 它已获得大量的奖项和荣誉。
D It reflects the musical trends of the past four decades.
D 它反映了过去四十年的音乐趋势。
2 Why did John Denver choose to use “Denver” as part of his stage name?
2 为什么 John Denver 选择使用 “Denver” 作为他艺名的一部分？
A Denver was the name of his best friend in his earlier life.
A 丹佛是他早年最好的朋友的名字。
B Denver is the name of the capital city of his favorite state.
C He wanted to get away from the music scene of Los Angeles.
D He wanted to seek inspiration from the scenery of the Rocky Mountains.
3 What was the first important event that led to John Denver’s fame in the music industry?
A He broke up with a band to perform his own songs.
B He joined a band to gain experience in songwriting.
C He was selected as lead singer for a popular folk band.
D He was asked to produce a solo album in his own style.
4 What contributed to John Denver’s success in gaining a wide audience?
A The use of elements from various musical genres.
B The emphasis on authentic folk music traditions.
C Deep emotional connections with nature-loving audiences.
D Simple short lyrics related to themes of goodness and love.
Scripts:
脚本：
One of the world’s best-known and best-loved singers, John Denver, earned international fame as a songwriter and performer with his vocal talent and homegrown lyrics. His career spanned four decades, and his music has outlasted countless musical trends and won numerous awards and honors.
John Denver was born Henry John Deutschendorf Jr. in December 1943 in Roswell, New Mexico.His artistic journey began at age 11 when his grandmother gave him a guitar. Denver eventually took guitar lessons and joined a boys’ choir, which led him to pursue his dream of a career in music at age 20.
In 1963, he struck out on his own, moving to Los Angeles to be in the heart of the booming music scene. It was during this time that he was urged by friends to change his name to John Denver if a recording career was to be in his future. He took this stage name from the capital city of his favorite state, Colorado. Later in life, Denver and his family settled in Aspen, Colorado, and his love for the Rocky Mountains inspired many of his songs.
Denver experienced his first major break in the music industry when he was chosen from 250 other candidates as lead singer for a popular folk band during the 1960s. Two years and three albums later, Denver had sharpened his musical skills and developed his own songwriting style. He gained recognition when his song Leaving on a Jet Plane was recorded in 1966 and became a number-one hit. After the band broke up, Denver established his status in pop music as a solo singer with songs like Sunshine on My Shoulders and Take Me Home, Country Roads, becoming one of the top performers of the 1970s.
Denver’s music is deeply rooted in the folk tradition, but it also incorporates elements from pop, country, and rock genres. This allowed him to reach a wider audience and achieve remarkable commercial success. His songs celebrate themes of goodness, love, and nature, forging a deep emotional connection with listeners. Through his heartfelt lyrics, simple melodies, and warm vocals, Denver gained fame as a nature-loving singer and attracted audiences worldwide.
About 30 albums and six decades after he began, Denver’s music is as relevant as ever. His dynamic celebration of life, spirit, and nature is a powerful inspiration to people of all generations.
Keys:
钥匙：
Conversation: A D C A
Passage: B C D D
Lecture 1: B A C C
Lecture 2:C B C A