马鞍山学院
Ma On Shan College

Ma’anshan University

2025 届本科毕业设计（论文）
Class of 2025 Undergraduate Project (Thesis)

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摘 要
Summary

《哈利•波特与魔法石》作为J.K.罗琳的代表作。这部小说凭借丰富的想象力创建了一个魔法世界，从中可以发现很多的魔幻现实主义元素，这部小说从叙事手法、人物塑造和主题表达三个不同角度，分析小说中魔幻现实主义的特征，探讨其如何通过现实与魔法的交织、复杂的人物形象以及深刻的主题表达，研究发现，《哈利•波特与魔法石》通过魔幻现实主义手法，成为了描绘了一个理想的魔法世界，这也是这本书畅销至今的原因。
"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" is J.K. Rowling's masterpiece. This novel creates a magical world with rich imagination, from which you can find a lot of magical realism elements, this novel analyzes the characteristics of magical realism in the novel from three different perspectives of narrative techniques, character creation and theme expression, and explores how it is intertwined with reality and magic, complex characters and profound theme expression, and the study finds that Harry Potter and the Philosopher's StoneThrough magical realism, it depicts an ideal magical world, which is why the book has sold so well.

关键词：魔幻现实主义；《哈利•波特与魔法石》；叙事手法；人物塑造
Keywords: magical realism; Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone; narrative techniques; Characterization

Abstract

abstract

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, as a representative work of J.K.Rowling, not only constructs a unique magical world through its rich imaginationbut also skillfully incorporates elements of magical realism. This paper analyzes the characteristics of magical realism in the novel from three aspects: narrative techniques, character development, and thematic expressions. It explores how the interplay between reality and magic, the complexity of characters, and the profound themes enhance the story's appeal and provoke readers to reflect on real-worldissues. The study reveals that Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone、successfully combines fantastical elements with the real world through magical realism,making the work not only entertaining but also imbued with significant literary value and social meaning.

Keywords: magical realism; Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone; narrative techniques; character development

Contents

摘 要 1
Abstract 1

abstract 2

1引言 4
1 Introduction 4

1.1《哈利·波特与魔法石》魔幻现实主义研究缘起及价值 4
1.1 The origin and value of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in magical realism4

1.2《哈利·波特与魔法石》魔幻现实主义元素剖析旨归 4
1.2 Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Magical Realism Elements Anatomy 4

2文献综述 5
2 Literature Review 5

2.1近年《哈利·波特与魔法石》魔幻现实主义研究聚焦与剖析 5
2.1 Focus and analysis of the magical realism of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in recent years5

2.2跨国学者视角下《哈利·波特》魔幻现实主义的多维探究 6
2.2 A Multidimensional Exploration of Harry Potter Magical Realism from the Perspective of Transnational Scholars6

3魔幻现实主义元素研究方法与理论阐释 7
3. Research Methods and Theoretical Interpretation of Elements of Magical Realism 7

3.1.文本细读法 7
3.1. Textual perusal method7

3.2.文献分析法 7
3.2. Literature analysis method7

3.3.比较研究法 7
3.3. Comparative Research Method7

3.4.理论阐释法 7
3.4. Theoretical Interpretation 7

4魔幻现实主义元素的研究内容 7
4. The study of the elements of magical realism 7

4.1视觉艺术与文化符号的魔幻现实主义表达 7
4.1 Magical Realist Expressions of Visual Arts and Cultural Symbols7

4.2语言特色与意向的魔幻现实主义特征 8
4.2 Magical Realist Characteristics of Linguistic Characteristics and Intentions8

4.3魔幻现实主义的社会批判功能 8
4.3 The Socially Critical Function of Magical Realism8

4.4.魔幻现实主义元素与主题思想的契合 8
4.4. The fit of the elements of magical realism with the theme idea8

4.5.魔幻现实主义元素的跨文化解读 9
4.5. Cross-cultural interpretation of elements of magical realism9

5魔幻现实主义元素研究结果 9
5 Elements of Magical Realism Research Results 9

5.1 现实与魔法的交织：魔幻现实主义的叙事手法 9
5.1 The Interweaving of Reality and Magic: The Narrative Technique of Magical Realism9

5.2 复杂的人物形象：魔幻现实主义的人性刻画 9
5.2 Complex Characters: Magical Realist Portrayals of Human Nature9

5.3 隐喻与象征：魔幻现实主义的社会批判 9
5.3 Metaphor and Symbolism: A Social Critique of Magical Realism9

5.4 主题思想的深化：魔幻现实主义的全球影响力 10
5.4 Deepening of Thematic Ideas: The Global Influence of Magical Realism10

6结语 11
6 Epilogue 11

Bibliography 12

Acknowledgements 14

Appendix 15

《哈利•波特与魔法石》中魔幻现实主义元素研究
A study of the elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone

1引言
1 Introduction

自J.K.罗琳创作的《哈利·波特》系列小说问世以来，在全球范围内掀起了一股经久不衰的魔幻文学热潮。《哈利·波特与魔法石》作为该系列的开篇之作，以其天马行空的想象、扣人心弦的情节，构建了一个神秘而迷人的魔法世界，成功俘获了不同年龄段读者的心。这部作品不仅在文学领域取得了巨大成就，还被改编成电影、衍生出主题公园等，形成了庞大的文化产业，深刻影响了当代流行文化。
Since the publication of the Harry Potter series of novels by J.K. Rowling, there has been an enduring craze for magical literature around the world. Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is the first installment of the series, and with its unbridled imagination and gripping plot, it has successfully captured the hearts of readers of all ages. This work has not only made great achievements in the field of literature, but has also been adapted into films, derived from theme parks, etc., forming a huge cultural industry and profoundly influencing contemporary pop culture.

1.1《哈利·波特与魔法石》魔幻现实主义研究缘起及价值
1.1 The origin and value of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in magical realism

《哈利·波特与魔法石》是英国作家乔安•凯瑟琳•罗琳创作的《哈利·波特》系列的第一部作品，自1997年首次出版以来，便以其独特的魔法世界、丰富的人物形象、扣人心弦的故事情节，迅速赢得了全球读者的喜爱。这部作品不仅是一部儿童文学佳作，更蕴含了深刻的文学内涵和独特的叙事风格。魔幻现实主义作为一种将现实与幻想巧妙融合的文学流派，在《哈利·波特与魔法石》中得到了淋漓尽致的体现。因此，对《哈利·波特与魔法石》中的魔幻现实主义元素进行研究，不仅有助于深入理解这部作品的文学价值，还能为当代文学创作提供有益的借鉴。价值意义 研究《哈利•波特与魔法石》中的魔幻现实主义元素具有重要意义。首先，它有助于我们更深入地理解这部作品的文学内涵和艺术特色，揭示其独特的叙事风格和表现手法。最后本研究还可以为文学创作提供有益的启示，鼓励作家们大胆尝试将现实与幻想相结合，创作出更多具有创新性和独特魅力的作品。
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is the first installment in the Harry Potter series by British author Joan Catherine Rowling, and since it was first published in 1997, it has quickly won the love of readers around the world with its unique wizarding world, rich characters, and gripping storyline. This work is not only a masterpiece of children's literature, but also contains profound literary connotations and a unique narrative style. Magical realism, as a literary genre that skillfully blends reality and fantasy, is vividly embodied in "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone". Therefore, the study of the elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone will not only help to understand the literary value of this work, but also provide useful reference for contemporary literary creation. Value: It is important to study the elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. First of all, it helps us to understand the literary connotation and artistic characteristics of this work more deeply, and reveals its unique narrative style and expression. Finally, this study can also provide useful inspiration for literary creation, encouraging writers to boldly try to combine reality and fantasy to create more innovative and unique works.

1.2《哈利·波特与魔法石》魔幻现实主义元素剖析旨归
1.2 Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is an analysis of the elements of magical realism

研究表明，J.K.罗琳运用魔幻现实主义手法，将现实与魔法巧妙结合，塑造了复杂的人物形象和深刻的主题，构建了一个既真实又奇幻的魔法世界。这种手法不仅增强了作品的娱乐性，还赋予了其文学价值和社会意义。
Research has shown that J.K. Rowling uses magical realism to skillfully combine reality and magic, creating complex characters and profound themes to construct a magical world that is both real and fantastical. This technique not only enhances the entertainment of the work, but also gives it literary value and social significance.

2文献综述
2 Literature review

2.1近年《哈利·波特与魔法石》魔幻现实主义研究聚焦与剖析
2.1 In recent years, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone has focused on and analyzed the magical realism research

近年来，关于《哈利·波特与魔法石》中魔幻现实主义元素的研究逐渐增多。学者们从多个角度对这一问题进行了深入探讨。姚亚倩^[1]就旨在探讨《哈利·波特》系列小说中的视觉艺术与文化符号,从而映射出现代社会的多样性与复杂性，研究总结了《哈利•波特》系列中丰富的视觉艺术表现，如独特的场景设计、角色服饰和魔法效果等，并探讨了这些视觉艺术元素如何与文化符号相结合，共同构建了一个既真实又奇幻的魔法世界。张圆清研究比较了当代文学中的现实主义与魔幻现实主义，以《哈利•波特》为例，分析了魔幻现实主义在文学作品中的独特表现，如通过超自然元素的融入来反映现实社会的问题^[2]。梁姗姗对《哈利•波特与魔法石》进行了节选和分析，侧重于语言特色、情节构建或人物塑造等方面，为读者提供了对作品更深入的理解 ^[3]。学者王蕊为学生阅读哈利波特^[4]介绍了故事的梗概,人物介绍和相关的阅读指导，研究以《哈利•波特与魔法石》为例，探讨了整本书阅读任务群的设计方法，提出了有效的教学策略和阅读方法，以提高学生的阅读能力和文学素养^[5]。张雨欣,刘继华^[6]共同分析了《哈利•波特》系列与魔幻现实主义文学的关系，总结了作品中的魔幻现实主义元素及其表现方式，并探讨了这些元素对作品文学价值的影响。赵阳^[7]研究以魔幻现实主义理论为视角，对《哈利波特》系列进行了深入解读，揭示了作品中的魔幻现实主义特征及其背后的深层含义。何颖,刘宇^[8]探讨了《哈利•波特》系列小说中的魔幻现实主义元素，分析了这些元素如何与现实生活相结合，创造出既奇幻又真实的文学世界。王斐^[9]研究总结了《哈利•波特》系列小说中的批判现实主义色彩，深入分析作品如何通过对现实社会的批判和反映，展现了作者对社会问题的关注和思考。
In recent years, there has been an increase in research into the elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. Scholars have explored this issue in depth from multiple perspectives. Yao Yaqian ^[1] aims to explore the visual art and cultural symbols in the Harry Potter series of novels, so as to reflect the diversity and complexity of modern society, and summarizes the rich visual art expressions in the Harry Potter series, such as unique scene design, character costumes, and magical effects, and explores how these visual art elements are combined with cultural symbols to jointly construct a magical world that is both real and fantastical. Zhang Yuanqing compares realism and magical realism in contemporary literature, taking Harry Potter as an example, and analyzes the unique manifestations of magical realism in literary works, such as reflecting the problems of real society through the integration of supernatural elements ^[2]. Liang Shanshan provides an excerpt and analysis of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, focusing on aspects such as linguistic characteristics, plot construction, or character building, providing readers with a deeper understanding of the work^[3]. Scholar Wang Rui introduced the synopsis, character introduction and related reading guidance for students reading Harry Potter ^[4], and took Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone as an example to discuss the design method of the whole book reading task group. Effective teaching strategies and reading methods are proposed to improve students' reading ability and literary literacy ^[5]. Zhang Yuxin and Liu Jihua ^[6] jointly analyzed the relationship between the Harry Potter series and magical realist literature, summarized the elements of magical realism in the works and their expressions, and discussed the influence of these elements on the literary value of the works. From the perspective of magical realism theory, Zhao Yang ^[7] conducted an in-depth interpretation of the Harry Potter series, revealing the characteristics of magical realism in the works and the deep meaning behind them. He Ying and Liu Yu ^[8] explore the elements of magical realism in the Harry Potter series of novels, and analyze how these elements are combined with real life to create a literary world that is both fantastical and real. Wang Fei ^[9] summarizes the critical realism in the Harry Potter series of novels, and deeply analyzes how the works show the author's concern and thinking about social issues through criticism and reflection of real society.

2.2跨国学者视角下《哈利·波特》魔幻现实主义的多维探究
2.2 A multi-dimensional exploration of Harry Potter's magical realism from the perspective of transnational scholars

学者们同样投入了大量精力，加拿大学者Shuya Zhou^[10]探讨了作品中的魔幻元素如何与现实生活相融合，揭示了罗琳如何通过魔幻现实主义手法构建了一个既奇幻又真实的魔法世界，以及这种手法在文学表达上的独特魅力。再如英国学者来自于苏塞克斯大学的Gabriel Chin^[11]分析了魔幻现实主义作为一种文学流派的特点、发展历程及其在当代文学中的应用，并可能以《哈利•波特》等作品为例，说明了魔幻现实主义如何丰富了文学的表现形式和内涵。
Scholars have also put a lot of effort into it, with Canadian scholar Shuya Zhou ^[10] exploring how the magical elements in her work are integrated with real life, revealing how Rowling uses magical realism to construct a magical world that is both fantastical and real, and how this technique is unique in literary expression. Another example is Gabriel Chin ^[11], a British scholar from the University of Sussex, who analyzed the characteristics and development of magical realism as a literary genre and its application in contemporary literature, and perhaps used Harry Potter and other works as examples to illustrate how magical realism has enriched the expression and connotation of literature.

3魔幻现实主义元素研究方法与理论阐释
3. Research methods and theoretical explanations of elements of magical realism

本研究将采用文本细读、文献分析、比较研究等方法，对《哈利·波特与魔法石》中的魔幻现实主义元素进行深入的分析和探讨。具体步骤如下：
This study will use methods such as text close reading, literature analysis, and comparative research to conduct an in-depth analysis and discussion of the elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. The specific steps are as follows:

3.1.文本细读法
3.1. Textual perusal

对《哈利·波特与魔法石》进行细致的文本阅读，全面把握作品的内容和风格。
Conduct a detailed textual reading of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone to fully grasp the content and style of the work.

3.2.文献分析法
3.2. Literature analysis

收集和分析与本研究相关的文献资料，了解当前学术界对这一问题的研究现状和进展。
To collect and analyze the literature related to this study, and to understand the current research status and progress of the academic community on this issue.

3.3.比较研究法
3.3. Comparative Research Method

将《哈利·波特与魔法石》与其他具有魔幻现实主义特征的作品进行比较研究，探讨它们之间的异同点和相互联系。
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is compared with other works with magical realist characteristics to explore their similarities, differences and interconnections.

3.4.理论阐释
3.4. Theoretical Interpretation

运用魔幻现实主义的相关理论对哈利波特这部作品进行深入的分析和阐释，揭示作品背后的深层含义和文学价值。魔幻现实主义理论涉及的相关理论有本体论和认知论，本体论指的是共存：现实与奇幻元素在文本中共生，而认知论指的是突破：通过"认知错位"消解主客观界限，使读者在理性与非理性间建立新的认知框架。
Using the relevant theories of magical realism, this paper analyzes and interprets the Harry Potter work in depth, revealing the deep meaning and literary value behind the work. The theory of magical realism involves ontology and epistemology, ontology refers to coexistence: reality and fantasy elements coexist in the text, while epistemology refers to breakthrough: through "cognitive dislocation" to dissolve the subjective and objective boundaries, so that readers can establish a new cognitive framework between rational and irrational.

4魔幻现实主义元素的研究内容
4. The research content of the elements of magical realism

本研究将围绕《哈利·波特与魔法石》中的魔幻现实主义元素展开，具体包括以下几个方面：
This study will focus on the elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, including the following aspects:

4.1视觉艺术与文化符号的魔幻现实主义表达
4.1 Magical realist expressions of visual arts and cultural symbols

魔幻现实主义的核心特征之一在于其通过超自然元素与现实世界的结合，创造一种既奇幻又真实的叙事空间。^[1]《哈利·波特》系列电影中的特效使用和视觉符号的设计，极大地丰富了魔法世界的视觉表现和 故事叙述的深度。例如，霍格沃茨城堡的哥特式建筑风格不仅体现了魔法世界的古老与神秘，也隐喻了现实社中权力与等级的结构性矛盾。此外，魔法物品（如魔法石、飞天扫帚等）作为文化符号，既承载了魔法世界的独特性，也反映了人类对力量、自由与永生的普遍追求。在不同地域和文化环境中，现实主义与魔幻现实主义呈现出不同的特点和表现形式，这种差异不仅显示出文学创作的多样性和复杂性，更体现了文学与地域文化之间的紧密联系^[2]。
One of the core features of magical realism is that it creates a narrative space that is both fantastical and real through the combination of supernatural elements and the real world. ^[1] The use of special effects and visual symbols in the Harry Potter films greatly enriched the visual representation of the wizarding world and the depth of storytelling. For example, the Gothic architecture of Hogwarts Castle not only reflects the antiquity and mystery of the wizarding world, but also a metaphor for the structural contradictions between power and hierarchy in the real society. In addition, magical objects (such as philosopher's stones, broomsticks, etc.) are cultural symbols that not only carry the uniqueness of the magical world, but also reflect the universal human quest for strength, freedom, and eternal life. In different regions and cultural environments, realism and magical realism present different characteristics and forms of expression, which not only shows the diversity and complexity of literary creation, but also reflects the close connection between literature and regional culture^[2].

4.2语言特色与意象的魔幻现实主义特征
4.2 Magical realism characteristics of language and imagery

^[3]在对《哈利·波特与魔法石》的文本进行剖析时不难发现，这部作品的语言表达特色鲜明，笔触简洁且节奏轻快。与此同时，作者巧妙地在文中穿插了大量隐喻与象征元素，将奇幻的魔法世界与现实生活水乳交融般地结合在一起。就像哈利在德思礼家时，生活被压抑、处处受限，而当他踏入魔法世界，迎接他的是自由探索的奇妙经历。这两种生活状态的强烈对比，极大地增强了故事的戏剧张力，同时也映射出现实世界里人们内心深处对自由生活的向往以及对归属感的强烈追求。^[4]在小说众多元素中，魔幻意象是极具代表性的存在，它们具有丰富的象征意义。诸如“魔法石”，这一元素象征着现实生活中那些令人难以抗拒的诱惑；“厄里斯魔镜”则映射出人们内心对虚幻欲望满足的追逐 。这些带有象征性的魔幻意象如同散落的拼图碎片，为读者搭建起一座通往多元思考的桥梁，引导人们从不同的角度去剖析和解读这部小说所蕴含的深刻
^[3] An analysis of the text of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone reveals that the language of the work is distinctive, with concise and brisk rhythms. At the same time, the author cleverly intersperses a large number of metaphorical and symbolic elements in the text, combining the fantastic magical world with real life. Just as Harry's life was repressed and restricted at the Dursleys, when he stepped into the wizarding world, he was greeted by the wonderful experience of free exploration. The strong contrast between these two living conditions greatly enhances the dramatic tension of the story, and also reflects the deep yearning for free life and the strong pursuit of belonging in the real world. ^[4] Among the many elements of the novel, magical imagery is a very representative existence, and they are rich in symbolism. elements such as the "Philosopher's Stone" symbolize the irresistible temptations of real life; The "Mirror of Eris" reflects people's inner pursuit of the satisfaction of illusory desires. These symbolic and magical imagery are like scattered pieces of a puzzle, building a bridge to multiple thoughts for the reader, leading people to analyze and interpret the profundity of the novel from different perspectives

4.3魔幻现实主义的社会批判功能
4.3 The social critical function of magical realism

小说通过魔幻现实主义手法，将很多现实社会中的问题融入魔法世界的叙事中。从中见证了很多社会不公平的事实，对阶层固化的批判，以及对权力滥用的批判和对偏见与歧视的批判，呼吁人们摒弃偏见，平等对待他人。
Through magical realism, the novel integrates many real-world problems into the narrative of the magical world. It has witnessed many facts of social injustice, criticism of class solidification, criticism of abuse of power, criticism of prejudice and discrimination, and calls for people to abandon prejudice and treat others equally.

4.4.魔幻现实主义元素与主题思想的契合
4.4. The fit of the elements of magical realism with the theme idea

J.K.罗琳创作的《哈利·波特》系列小说构建了多维度的价值体系，其中勇气与批判精神尤为突出。在首部曲《魔法石》的叙事高潮中，主人公哈利·波特凭借非凡的勇气成功守护了象征魔法世界根基的魔法石，这一英雄壮举不仅使其所在的格兰芬多学院荣膺学院杯最高荣誉^[5]，更重要的是彰显了个人品格对集体命运的积极影响。值得注意的是，作品通过霍格沃茨权力结构的嬗变，深刻揭示了官僚体制异化的现实隐喻。当魔法部部长因行政体系的腐败堕落导致其权威性遭受质疑时，其妥协退让的执政策略客观上为黑暗势力的崛起提供了温床。这种权力异化的叙事设计，实质上是对现实社会中官僚主义与体制性腐败的尖锐批判^[6]特别值得关注的是，邓布利多教授遭受的不公待遇与伏地魔势力的渗透扩张形成鲜明对照，暗示着当正义力量遭遇系统性压制时，维护公义将面临何等严峻的挑战。作品通过构建魔法世界的权力博弈图景，为解读现实社会的政治生态提供了极具启发性的文学样本^[6]
J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter novels construct a multi-dimensional value system, in which courage and critical spirit stand out. In the climax of the narrative of the first series, The Philosopher's Stone, the protagonist Harry Potter successfully protects the Philosopher's Stone, the foundation of the wizarding world, with extraordinary courage, a heroic feat that not only earned his Gryffindor House the highest honor in the House Cup^[5].and, more importantly, the positive impact of individual character on the collective destiny. It is worth noting that through the transformation of the power structure of Hogwarts, the work profoundly reveals the realistic metaphor of the alienation of the bureaucracy. When the authority of the Minister of Magic is questioned due to the corruption and depravity of the administrative system, his compromise and retreat strategy objectively provides a breeding ground for the rise of the dark Ones. This narrative design of power alienation is essentially a sharp critique of bureaucracy and institutional corruption in real society^[6] What is particularly noteworthy is that Professor Dumbledore's unfair treatment is in stark contrast to the infiltration and expansion of Voldemort's forces, suggesting how serious the challenge of upholding justice will be when the forces of justice are systematically suppressed. By constructing a picture of the power game in the wizarding world, the work provides a highly enlightening literary sample for interpreting the political ecology of real society ^[6].

4.5.魔幻现实主义元素的跨文化解读
4.5. Cross-cultural interpretation of elements of magical realism

从跨文化视角出发，探讨《哈利·波特与魔法石》中的魔幻现实主义元素在不同文化背景下的接受度和影响力，分析它们如何促进文化的交流与融合，以及如何在全球范围内产生广泛的影响。
From a cross-cultural perspective, this paper explores the acceptance and influence of the magical realism elements in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in different cultural contexts, and analyzes how they promote cultural exchange and integration, and how they can have a wide impact on a global scale.

5魔幻现实主义元素研究结果
5 Elements of Magical Realism

本研究通过对《哈利•波特与魔法石》中魔幻现实主义元素的深入分析，得出了以下主要研究结果：
An in-depth analysis of the elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone yielded the following key findings:

5.1 现实与魔法的交织：魔幻现实主义的叙事手法
5.1 The Interweaving of Reality and Magic: The Narrative Technique of Magical Realism

除了在魔法世界里有过一段逆序的叙述方式，全书均以时间为主轴，将各种各样的资讯融入其中，看似无关的信息，在最终揭晓答案时，才豁然开朗，原来如此。若哈利未曾遭受欺凌求生，便不会在列车上那么迅速地与罗恩结为挚友，并且与马尔福产生对立。而马尔福诱骗哈利深夜决斗，使哈利发现了巨魔的秘密，从而开启了层层谜团。
Except for a reverse narrative in the wizarding world, the whole book is based on time, integrating all kinds of information into it, and seemingly unrelated information is suddenly revealed when the answer is finally revealed, so it is. If Harry hadn't been bullied to survive, he wouldn't have befriended Ron so quickly on the train and turned against Malfoy. Malfoy tricked Harry into a late-night duel, which led Harry to discover the troll's secrets, thus unlocking layers of mystery.

5.2 复杂的人物形象：魔幻现实主义的人性刻画
5.2 Complex Characters: Magical Realist Portrayal of Human Nature

研究表明，J.K.罗琳运用魔幻现实主义手法，将现实与魔法巧妙结合，塑造了复杂的人物形象和深刻的主题，构建了一个既真实又奇幻的魔法世界。这种手法不仅增强了作品的娱乐性，还赋予了其文学价值和社会意义。魔幻现实主义元素与作品的主题思想紧密结合，深化了作品的内涵。例如，哈利与伏地魔的斗争不仅是魔法世界的正邪对抗，还隐喻了现实社会中的正义与邪恶之争；莉莉对哈利的爱成为他战胜伏地魔的关键，展现了爱的强大力量。这些主题通过魔幻现实主义手法得以生动表达，使作品具有普遍的教育意义^[7]
Research has shown that J.K. Rowling uses magical realism to skillfully combine reality and magic, creating complex characters and profound themes to construct a magical world that is both real and fantastical. This technique not only enhances the entertainment of the work, but also gives it literary value and social significance. The elements of magical realism are closely integrated with the theme of the work, deepening the connotation of the work. For example, Harry's fight with Voldemort is not only a confrontation between good and evil in the wizarding world, but also a metaphor for the struggle between good and evil in real society; Lily's love for Harry becomes the key to his victory over Voldemort, demonstrating the power of love. These themes are vividly expressed through magical realism, which makes the work universally educational^[7].

5.3 隐喻与意像：魔幻现实主义的社会批判
5.3 Metaphor and Imagery: A Social Critique of Magical Realism

^[8]]20世纪20年代，拉丁美洲文学界兴起了魔幻现实主义创作流派。该流派作品常采用碎片化的时间叙事、象征性意象以及神话母题等表现手法，在虚实交织的叙事空间中探讨社会现实问题。J.K.罗琳在《哈利·波特》系列中明显借鉴了这一创作手法，构建了一个与现实世界（书中称为"麻瓜世界"）共存的魔法体系，其中既包含家养小精灵、马人等奇幻生物，也设置了记忆盆、隐身衣等具有魔力的器物。 ^[9]从社会批判维度来看，该系列作品体现出强烈的现实主义关怀。以《哈利·波特与魔法石》为例，小说通过对魔法政府机构的效率低下以及学校内部政治角逐的刻画，尖锐地揭露了当代社会存在的体制弊端与权力异化现象。这种兼具文学性与社会批判性的创作取向，使作品超越了单纯的奇幻文学范畴，具有更深层的现实观照价值。
^[8] In the twenties of the twentieth century, the Latin American literary scene saw the emergence of a school of magical realism. The works of this genre often use fragmented time narratives, symbolic imagery, mythological motifs and other expressive techniques to explore social reality in a narrative space where fiction and reality are intertwined. J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series clearly borrowed this creative technique, constructing a magical system that coexisted with the real world (referred to in the book as the "Muggle world"), including fantasy creatures such as house-elves and centaurs, as well as magical artifacts such as memory basins and invisibility cloaks. ^[9] From the perspective of social criticism, the series embodies a strong concern for realism. Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, for example, sharply exposes the institutional shortcomings and power alienation of contemporary society through its portrayal of the inefficiency of magical government institutions and the political rivalry within schools. This creative orientation, which is both literary and socially critical, makes the works go beyond the category of pure fantasy literature and have a deeper value for observing reality.

5.4 主题思想的深化：魔幻现实主义的全球影响力
5.4 Deepening of the Thematic Idea: The Global Influence of Magical Realism

《哈利•波特与魔法石》中的魔幻现实主义元素在不同文化背景下具有广泛的接受度和影响力。例如，魔法世界的设定和人物形象的塑造在全球范围内引发了共鸣，使作品成为跨文化交流的重要媒介。这种跨文化的接受度不仅体现了魔幻现实主义的普世价值，还为文学作品的全球化传播提供了有益的借鉴,哈利·波特系列小说之所以如此吸引读者，除了它的魔幻色彩和生动严谨的故事结构之外，更重要的是因为其中体现出来的强烈的人文气息。尽管小说的大部分背景被设在了一个虚幻的魔法世界里，但是这个魔法世界是如此的真实生动，可以说 是现实世界的一个缩影。 此外，小说中的魔幻现实主义元素在不同文化背景下的解读方式也呈现出多样性。例如，西方读者可能更关注魔法世界的奇幻性，而东方读者则可能更注重作品中的道德寓意和人性刻画。这种跨文化的多样性使作品在全球范围内产生了广泛的影响^[10]。
The elements of magical realism in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone have been widely accepted and influential in different cultural contexts. For example, the setting of the wizarding world and the creation of characters resonate globally, making the work an important medium for cross-cultural communication. This cross-cultural acceptance not only reflects the universal value of magical realism, but also provides a useful reference for the global dissemination of literary works, and the reason why the Harry Potter series of novels is so attractive to readers is not only because of its magical colors and vivid and rigorous story structure, but also because of the strong humanistic atmosphere embodied in them. Although most of the novel's setting is set in an illusory magical world, this magical world is so real and vivid that it can be said to be a microcosm of the real world. In addition, the magical realist elements in the novel are interpreted in different cultural contexts. For example, Western readers may be more concerned with the fantastical nature of the wizarding world, while Eastern readers may be more concerned with the moral and human portrayals in their works. This cross-cultural diversity has led to a wide impact on the globe ^[10].

6结语
6 Epilogue

作品通过魔幻现实主义手法塑造了复杂的人物形象。哈利·波特既是普通男孩，又肩负魔法天赋与使命，他的成长既有魔法冒险，也有青春期的困惑，这种平凡与非凡的结合让他更具共鸣。斯内普教授外表冷酷，内心却充满矛盾；小天狼星布莱克虽背负罪名，却始终忠诚。这些角色的多面性不仅丰富了故事，也折射出现实世界中人性的复杂性。罗琳通过魔幻现实主义，将现实人性的深度融入魔法世界，使角色更加真实立体。
The work uses magical realism to create complex characters. Harry Potter is both an ordinary boy with a magical talent and a mission, and his upbringing is a mix of magical adventures and adolescent confusion, and this combination of the ordinary and the extraordinary resonates with him even more. Professor Snape is cold on the outside, but full of contradictions on the inside; Sirius Black was saddled with accusations, but remained loyal. The multifaceted nature of these characters not only enriches the story, but also reflects the complexity of human nature in the real world. Through magical realism, Rowling integrates the depth of real humanity into the magical world, making the characters more realistic and three-dimensional.

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Acknowledgements

Appendix

Appendix