Trump vs Biden Live: Presidential debate ends with no handshake
特朗普 vs 拜登现场直播:总统辩论结束,没有握手
由斯蒂芬·法雷尔、马克·波特、辛西娅·奥斯特曼、詹娜·祖克、鲁帕姆·贾因和凯瑟琳·卢里撰写
Summary 摘要
- Here are takeaways from the 90-minute presidential debate
以下是 90 分钟总统辩论的要点 - It was the first of two debates ahead of the Nov. 2024 election
这是 2024 年 11 月选举前的两场辩论中的第一场。 - Reuters wrapup of the debate and its aftermath is here
路透社对辩论及其后果的总结在这里
Lines from the end of the debate
辩论结束时的台词
"Like so many politicians, this man is just a complainer," Trump said of Biden in his closing statements.
“像许多政客一样,这个人只会抱怨,”特朗普在结束讲话时说到拜登。
On Trump's history of challenging the outcome of the last election, Biden said: “You continue to promote this lie about somehow there’s all this misrepresentation, this stealing. There is no evidence of that at all…I doubt you’ll accept it because you’re such a whiner," Biden said near the end of the debate.
Biden offered winning vision for the future of America, his campaign said
拜登的竞选团队表示,拜登提出了赢得美国未来的愿景
“Tonight, President Biden presented a positive and winning vision for the future of America - one in which every American has a fair shot at the American dream, where every one of our rights are protected, and where our president fights to strengthen our democracy - not to tear it down.
今晚,拜登总统为美国未来提出了积极和胜利的愿景 - 在这个愿景中,每个美国人都有机会实现美国梦,每一个权利都受到保护,我们的总统努力加强我们的民主制度,而不是破坏它。
“On the other side of the stage was Donald Trump, who offered a dark and backwards window into what America will look like if he steps foot back in the White House: a country where women are forced to beg for the health care they need to stay alive. A country that puts the interests of billionaires over working people. And a former president who not once, not twice, but three times, failed to promise he would accept the results of a free and fair election this November.
“Trump’s performance tonight reminded the American people why they fired him four years ago, and reinforced just how high the stakes are this November for the future of our country."
特朗普今晚的表现让美国人民想起了四年前为何解雇他,并进一步强调了今年 11 月对我们国家未来的重要性。
-Statement from Biden adviser Jen O’Malley Dillon
拜登顾问詹·奥马利·迪龙的声明
Debate recap: Biden turned in a mixed performance, Trump fired out falsehoods
辩论总结:拜登表现参差不齐,特朗普发表了虚假言论
Members of the media work at the spin room at the presidential debate in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S., June 27, 2024. REUTERS/Marco Bello
媒体成员在 2024 年 6 月 27 日美国乔治亚州亚特兰大总统辩论的旋转室工作。路透社/马可·贝洛
Democratic President Joe Biden delivered an uneven performance at Thursday's debate, while his Republican rival Donald Trump rattled off a series of attacks that included numerous falsehoods, as the two oldest presidential candidates ever clashed on stage ahead of the Nov. 5 election ,
民主总统乔·拜登在周四的辩论中表现不稳定,而他的共和党对手唐纳德·特朗普则连续发动了一系列攻击,其中包括许多虚假言论,这两位有史以来年龄最大的总统候选人在 11 月 5 日选举前在舞台上发生冲突。
Steve Holland , Helen Coster and Joseph Ax reported.
史蒂夫·荷兰、海伦·科斯特和约瑟夫·艾克斯报道。
The two men traded attacks on abortion, immigration, the wars in Ukraine and Gaza and their handling of the economy as they each sought to shake up what opinion polls show has been a virtually tied race for months.
两名男子就堕胎、移民、乌克兰和加沙战争以及各自对经济的处理展开攻击,他们都试图动摇民意调查显示几乎持平数月的竞选。
A hoarse-sounding Biden stumbled over his words on several occasions during the debate's first half-hour, but he found his footing at the halfway mark when he attacked Trump for his conviction for covering up hush money payments to porn star Stormy Daniels, calling him a "felon."
拜登在辩论的第一个半小时里几次结巴地说话,声音嘶哑,但在半路上找到了脚跟,当他指责特朗普掩盖对色情明星斯多米·丹尼尔斯支付封口费的定罪时,他站稳了脚跟,称特朗普为“罪犯”。
In response, Trump brought up the recent conviction of Biden's son, Hunter, for lying about his drug use to buy a gun.
作为回应,特朗普提到了拜登的儿子亨特最近因谎称购买枪支用于吸毒而被定罪的事件。
Moments later, Biden noted that almost all of Trump's former cabinet members, including former Vice President Mike Pence, have not endorsed his campaign.
片刻之后,拜登指出,包括前副总统迈克·彭斯在内的几乎所有特朗普的前内阁成员都没有支持他的竞选活动。
"They know him well, they served with him," he said. "Why are they not endorsing him?"
“他们很了解他,他们和他一起工作过。”他说。“为什么他们不支持他呢?”
Two White House officials said Biden had a cold. But his up-and-down evening could deepen voter concerns that the 81-year-old is too old to serve another four-year term.
两名白宫官员表示拜登感冒了。但他这一来一去的晚上可能会加深选民对这位 81 岁总统是否太老而无法再任四年的担忧。
Trump, meanwhile, unleashed a barrage of criticisms, some of which were well-worn falsehoods he has repeated on the campaign trial, including claims that migrants have carried out a crime wave and that Democrats support infanticide.
特朗普同时发起了一系列批评,其中一些是他在竞选活动中反复提到的老掉牙的谎言,包括声称移民犯下了犯罪潮,民主党支持杀婴。
ANALYSIS: Markets interpreted the debate as increasing the probability of a Trump victory, analysts said
分析:分析师表示,市场将辩论解读为特朗普胜选的可能性增加
Andrew Lilley, chief interest rate strategist at Barrenjoey in Sydney:
悉尼巴伦乔伊的首席利率策略师安德鲁·利利
"...If you look at the prediction markets, the probability that Trump wins the election has risen since the start of the debate from about 55% to 60%. There’s a big debate on whether that would be good news or bad news for equity markets, but I can tell you that for bond markets, the consensus is clear. If Trump were to win the election, interest rates would likely increase."
如果您看一下预测市场,自辩论开始以来,特朗普赢得选举的概率已经从大约 55%上升到 60%。关于这是否是股票市场的好消息或坏消息存在很大争论,但我可以告诉您,对于债券市场,共识是明确的。如果特朗普赢得选举,利率可能会上升。
Karl Schamotta, chief market strategist Corpay in Toronto:
卡尔·沙莫塔,多伦多 Corpay 首席市场策略师:
"Biden is turning in a disastrous performance, triggering a sharp rise in odds on a Trump victory. This is translating into a tumble in trade-sensitive currencies - the Mexican peso, Canadian dollar, and even the euro are dropping against the greenback, and Chinese equity markets are coming down hard as investors hedge against a more isolationist turn in the United States after the November election."
拜登表现糟糕,导致特朗普胜算大增。这导致贸易敏感货币暴跌 - 墨西哥比索、加拿大元,甚至欧元兑美元下跌,中国股市也受到重创,投资者在 11 月选举后对美国更加孤立主义的转变进行对冲。
Matt Simpson, senior market analyst, City Index, Brisbane
马特·辛普森,City Index 布里斯班高级市场分析师
"Wall Street indices have crept higher over the past hour, which could be taken as a sign that Trump made the better case - as we all know he is Wall Street friendly.
“过去一个小时,华尔街指数略有上涨,这可能被视为特朗普辩论更有说服力的迹象 - 众所周知,他对华尔街友好。”
"But this debate is unlikely to sway hardened Trump or Biden supporters, and few in between for that matter. Trump had the markets in the palm of his hands during his presidency. But that potency seems to have passed for now."
"但这场辩论不太可能影响坚定支持特朗普或拜登的人,中间派的人也很少。特朗普在任期内控制着市场。但这种影响力似乎目前已经过去了。"
Redmond Wong, greater China strategist, Saxo, Hong Kong
Redmond Wong,大中华区策略师,Saxo,香港
"The market has been pricing in higher odds of a Trump presidency 2.0 after the worse-than-expected delivery by Biden during the debate. Bond yields are rising. Market is anticipating China-bashing is an election item. They have not talked much on the subject, that is in a sense good for the Chinese market."
市场已经在辩论期间拜登表现不佳后,开始定价更高的特朗普连任可能性。债券收益率上升。市场预期攻击中国将成为选举议题。他们在这个议题上没有谈论太多,从某种意义上说这对中国市场是有利的。
Charu Chanana, head of currency strategy, Saxo, Singapore
新加坡 Saxo 货币策略负责人 Charu Chanana
"U.S. dollar in pole position as the first U.S. presidential debate is held on CNN. President Biden's age and health remains a key concern and Trump says planned tariffs will decrease deficits and won't increase problematic inflation."
美元处于领先地位,因为第一场美国总统辩论在 CNN 举行。拜登总统的年龄和健康仍然是一个关键问题,特朗普表示计划的关税将减少赤字,不会增加问题性通货膨胀。
REACTION: 'The Blacks' trends on X
反应:“黑人”在 X 上趋势
People on X say Trump referred to Black people as "the Blacks" and it's in the top trending items on the social platform. People on X are also talking about his reference to "Black jobs." Here's what Trump said:
在 X 上的人说特朗普称黑人为“黑人”,这在社交平台的热门趋势中。X 上的人也在谈论他提到的“黑人工作”。这是特朗普说的话:
The fact is that his big kill on the Black people is the millions of people that he's allowed to come in through the border. They're taking Black jobs now, and it could be 18, it could be 19, and even 20 million people, they're taking Black jobs, and they're taking Hispanic jobs.
事实是,他对黑人的重大打击是他允许通过边境进入的数百万人。他们现在正在抢夺黑人的工作,可能是 1800 万,可能是 1900 万,甚至 2000 万人,他们正在抢夺黑人的工作,也在抢夺西班牙裔的工作。
FACT CHECK: Trump on China tariffs
事实核查:特朗普对中国关税
FACT CHECK ON CHINA TARIFF QUOTES: "Do you notice he (Biden) never took out my tariffs?” Trump said during the debate. “Because we bring in so much money with the tariffs that I imposed on China.
对中国关税报价的事实核查:“你有没有注意到他(拜登)从来没有取消我的关税?”特朗普在辩论中说。“因为我们通过我对中国征收的关税赚了这么多钱。”
"China is going to own us if you (Biden) keep allowing them to do what they're doing to us as a country, they are killing us as a country,” Trump said. “Joe, and you can't let that happen."
“如果你(拜登)继续允许他们对我们国家所做的事情,中国将拥有我们,他们正在摧毁我们国家,乔,你不能让这种事情发生。”特朗普说。
FACT CHECK: Biden kept tariffs in place by Trump while ratcheting up others, including a quadrupling of EV duties to over 100% and doubling the duties on semiconductors to 50%. The Biden administration measure affected $18 billion in imported Chinese goods including steel and aluminum, semiconductors, electric vehicles, critical minerals, solar cells and cranes, reports Stepanie Kelly.
事实核查:拜登在保持特朗普的关税的同时,加大了其他关税,包括将电动汽车关税增加到 100%以上,将半导体关税加倍至 50%。拜登政府的措施影响了价值 180 亿美元的进口中国商品,包括钢铁和铝、半导体、电动汽车、关键矿产、太阳能电池和起重机,据斯蒂芬妮·凯利报道。
Biden's shaky start in the debate rattled Democrats
拜登在辩论中的摇摇欲坠的开局让民主党人感到不安
U.S. President Joe Biden's supporters had hoped Thursday night's debate would erase worries that the 81-year-old was too old to serve another term, but his hoarse voice and at times tentative performance against Republican rival Donald Trump did the opposite, Reuters reporters Steve Holland and Stephanie Kelly reported.
美国总统乔·拜登的支持者希望周四晚上的辩论能消除对这位 81 岁总统是否太老再任一届的担忧,但路透社记者史蒂夫·荷兰和斯蒂芬妮·凯利报道称,他嘶哑的声音和有时对抗共和党对手唐纳德·特朗普的表现恰恰产生了相反效果。
Biden and Trump, 78, both have faced concerns about their age and fitness in the run-up to the Nov. 5 election, but they have weighed more heavily on Biden.
拜登和特朗普,78 岁,都在 11 月 5 日选举前面临年龄和健康方面的担忧,但这些问题对拜登的影响更大。
On Thursday, with his voice hoarse from a cold, Biden hurried through some of his talking points on the debate stage, stumbled over some answers and trailed off during others.
星期四,拜登因感冒嗓子沙哑,匆忙地在辩论舞台上念了一些谈话要点,有些答案支支吾吾,有些答案则没有说完。
About halfway through the debate, a Democratic strategist who worked on Biden’s 2020 campaign called it a "disaster."
辩论进行到一半时,一位参与拜登 2020 年竞选的民主党策略师称其为“灾难”。
Trump unleashed a barrage of criticisms including well-worn falsehoods like migrants carrying out a crime wave and that Democrats support infanticide.
特朗普发起了一系列批评,包括老生常谈的谎言,比如移民犯罪横行,以及民主党支持杀婴。
Early in the debate, Biden paused as he was making a point about Medicare and tax reform and seemed to lose his train of thought.
在辩论开始时,拜登在谈到医疗保险和税制改革时停顿了一下,似乎忘记了自己的观点。
Tax reform would create money to help "strengthen our healthcare system, making sure that we're able to make every single solitary person eligible for what I was able to do with the, with the COVID, excuse me, with dealing with everything we had to do with," Biden said, pausing. "We finally beat Medicare."
税改革将创造资金,帮助“加强我们的医疗系统,确保我们能够让每一个人都有资格获得我在处理 COVID 时所能做的事情,抱歉,处理我们不得不做的一切事情,”拜登说着停顿了一下。“我们终于战胜了医疗保险。”
Trump jabbed Biden for being incoherent, saying at one point: "I really don't know what he said at the end of that sentence. I don't think he knows what he said."
特朗普批评拜登语无伦次,曾说:“我真的不知道他在那句话的结尾说了什么。我不认为他知道自己说了什么。”
"Biden's not talking in a measured way, and looks like he's searching for words," said Ray La Raja, a political science professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
“拜登没有以审慎的方式说话,看起来他在寻找措辞,”马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校政治学教授雷·拉·拉哈说。
Sign up for Reuters' On the Campaign Trail
注册接收路透社的“竞选之路”报道
Get weekly news and analysis on the U.S. elections and how it matters to the world with the Reuters newsletter On the Campaign Trail. Sign up here.
通过路透社的《竞选之路》新闻简报,获取美国选举的每周新闻和分析,以及其对世界的影响。立即注册。
Voter voices: 'A lot of blame game'
选民的声音:“很多指责游戏”
Brian McCord, 60, a registered nurse from San Diego, said: "I think it's a struggle to really feel positive about either of them - a lot of avoidance of actually answering the question, a lot of blame game."
布莱恩·麦科德(Brian McCord),60 岁,来自圣地亚哥的注册护士,表示:“我认为真正感到积极对待他们中的任何一个都是一种挣扎 - 很多回避实际回答问题,很多互相推卸责任的游戏。”
Trump’s niece Mary to be part of Biden’s media spin effort after debate
特朗普的侄女玛丽将参与拜登辩论后的媒体宣传活动
Donald Trump's niece Mary Trump, who has been critical of her uncle, will join President Joe Biden's re-election campaign in its media spin room following the debate, a campaign official said.
唐纳德·特朗普的侄女玛丽·特朗普一直批评她的叔叔,一位竞选官员表示,她将加入乔·拜登总统的连任竞选活动,在辩论后的媒体宣传室工作。
Others in the spin room will include Biden supporters California Governor Gavin Newsom and Representative Jasmine Crockett from Texas.
在旋转房间里的其他人还包括拜登支持者、加利福尼亚州州长加文·纽森和来自德克萨斯州的代表贾斯敏·克罗克特。
Meanwhile, as Trump nears a final decision on who will be his running mate, three top contenders to be his vice presidential pick were on the ground in Atlanta to make the case for a second Trump term - and give their latest auditions to be on his White House ticket. U.S. Senators Marco Rubio and J.D. Vance as well as North Dakota Governor Doug Burgam were due to attend a debate watch party with Trump donors and friends and were expected to be in the post-debate spin room to further Trump's case.
与此同时,特朗普接近最终决定谁将成为他的竞选搭档,三位最有可能成为他副总统候选人的人在亚特兰大展开活动,为特朗普的第二个任期辩护,并进行最新的试镜,争取入选他的白宫候选名单。美国参议员马可·鲁比奥、J.D.范斯以及北达科他州州长道格·伯格姆原计划参加与特朗普的捐助者和朋友一起观看辩论的派对,并预计会在辩论后的解说区进一步支持特朗普的立场。
The debate has ended, without a handshake
辩论已经结束,没有握手
Biden and Trump in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S., June 27, 2024. REUTERS/Brian Snyder
拜登和特朗普于 2024 年 6 月 27 日在美国乔治亚州亚特兰大。路透社/Brian Snyder
View from above 俯视图
People watch the U.S. presidential debate aboard a Delta Airlines flight to Miami, Florida, United States on June 27, 2024. REUTERS/Maria Alejandra Cardona
2024 年 6 月 27 日,人们在飞往美国佛罗里达州迈阿密的达美航空航班上观看美国总统辩论。路透社/玛丽亚·亚历杭德拉·卡尔多纳
Trump campaign claimed he won the debate
特朗普竞选团队声称他赢得了辩论
The Trump campaign issued a statement around the 90th minute mark of the debate claiming victory. The statement by the campaign was released even before candidates made closing statements in their debate.
特朗普竞选团队在辩论进行到第 90 分钟左右发布了一份声明,宣称取得了胜利。该声明甚至在候选人进行辩论结束陈述之前就已发布。
Biden and Trump on age
拜登和特朗普的年龄
Biden took a jab at Trump about his age and competence, saying: "This guy's three years younger and a lot less competent." He said more than 150 historians held meetings and voted on the worst president in American history and found Trump “is the worst in all of American history.”
拜登就特朗普的年龄和能力开了一个玩笑,说:“这家伙比我小三岁,但能力要差得多。” 他表示,150 多位历史学家开会投票选出美国历史上最糟糕的总统,结果发现特朗普“是美国历史上最糟糕的总统。”
Asked whether his age should be a concern to voters, Trump touted his golfing record.
被问及他的年龄是否应该引起选民的关注,特朗普吹嘘他的高尔夫纪录。
"I just won two club championships - not even senior, two regular club championships. To do that, you have to be quite smart and you have to be able to hit the ball a long way," he said.
“我刚刚赢得了两个俱乐部冠军 - 甚至不是资深组,而是两个普通俱乐部冠军。要做到这一点,你必须非常聪明,而且必须能够打出远距离的球,”他说道。
Biden said he got his golf handicap down to a six. "I"m happy to play golf if you carry your own bag," said Biden.
拜登表示他的高尔夫差点降到了六。“如果你自己背球包,我很乐意打高尔夫球,”拜登说。
Trump retorted, "Let's not act like children."
特朗普反驳道:“不要像小孩子一样行事。”
Trump said Russia would not have invaded Ukraine if he were president
特朗普表示,如果他是总统,俄罗斯不会入侵乌克兰
Trump said of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, " That's a war that should have never started....Russia would have never attacked President Trump."
特朗普谈到俄罗斯入侵乌克兰时表示:“这是一场本不应该发生的战争……俄罗斯永远不会攻击特朗普总统。”
"Ukraine is not winning that war."
"乌克兰并未赢得那场战争。"
Trump on accepting the results of the election
特朗普对接受选举结果的看法
Trump was asked if he will accept the results of the election, regardless of who wins. "If it's a fair and legal and good election, absolutely. I would have much rather accepted these, but the fraud and everything else was ridiculous."
特朗普被问及他是否会接受选举结果,无论谁赢得选举。“如果是公平、合法和良好的选举,绝对会接受。我宁愿接受这些,但欺诈和其他一切都太荒谬了。”
Biden replied: "I doubt that you'll accept it because you're such a whiner."
拜登回答道:“我怀疑你会接受,因为你总是抱怨不停。”
Republican candidate, former U.S. President Donald Trump, speaks as he attends a presidential debate with Democrat candidate, U.S. President Joe Biden, in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S., June 27, 2024. REUTERS/Brian Snyder
共和党候选人、前美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在 2024 年 6 月 27 日出席了与民主党候选人、美国总统乔·拜登在美国乔治亚州亚特兰大举行的总统辩论。路透社/Brian Snyder
FACT CHECK: Trump on abortion
事实核查:特朗普关于堕胎
Trump claimed Democrats support abortion "in the ninth month" and after birth.
特朗普声称民主党支持“第九个月”和出生后的堕胎。
Most Democratic lawmakers say they accept limits on the procedure and do not support abortions after 21 weeks of pregnancy unless it is a medical emergency. Some progressive Democrats oppose any legal definition of a permitted window for abortion access, saying the decision should solely be between a woman and her doctor. Abortions past the point of viability are extremely rare, according to federal and state data.
大多数民主党议员表示他们接受程序限制,并不支持怀孕 21 周后的堕胎,除非是医疗紧急情况。一些进步派民主党人反对任何允许堕胎窗口的法律定义,认为决定应该完全由妇女和她的医生做出。根据联邦和州级数据,超过生存能力点进行的堕胎极为罕见。
Republican candidate, former U.S. President Donald Trump, speaks as he attends a presidential debate with Democrat candidate, U.S. President Joe Biden, in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S., June 27, 2024. REUTERS/Brian Snyder
共和党候选人、前美国总统唐纳德·特朗普在 2024 年 6 月 27 日出席了与民主党候选人、美国总统乔·拜登在美国乔治亚州亚特兰大举行的总统辩论。路透社/Brian Snyder
Trump on freeing WSJ's Evan Gershkovich
特朗普释放《华尔街日报》的埃文·格什科维奇
"As soon as I win the election, I will have that reporter out. He should have had him out a long time ago, but Putin's probably asking for billions and billions of dollars..."
“一旦我赢得选举,我就会让那名记者离开。他早就应该让他离开,但普京可能要求数十亿美元…”
Trump said political violence is 'totally unacceptable'
特朗普表示政治暴力是“完全不可接受的”
Asked if he would say that political violence is unacceptable, Trump said: "But of course, I believe that it's totally unacceptable. "
被问及是否会说政治暴力是不可接受的,特朗普说:“当然,我相信这是完全不可接受的。”
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles., opens new tab
我们的标准:汤森路透信任原则。
Thomson Reuters 汤姆森路透
Live Page editor. A text and video journalist based in London, Stephen is a former Reuters bureau chief in Jerusalem. He was previously a foreign correspondent for The New York Times and The Times of London. He reported from the Balkans, Iraq, India, Afghanistan, New York and the UK. He is co-author of the book 'Hamas: The Islamic Resistance Movement’.
现场页面编辑。史蒂芬是一位驻伦敦的文本和视频记者,曾担任路透社驻耶路撒冷分社社长。他曾是《纽约时报》和《伦敦时报》的外国记者,曾在巴尔干、伊拉克、印度、阿富汗、纽约和英国报道。他是《哈马斯:伊斯兰抵抗运动》一书的合著者。
Thomson Reuters 汤姆森路透
Mark Porter is a desk editor at Reuters, where he files a plethora of stories on numerous topics, from general news to business and political news. In his more than 20 years at Reuters, Porter has been on the initial teams for the Reuters Insider television project and the breaking news team, he started the entertainment blog and was the Reuters embedded editor at Yahoo. He has worked for almost 40 years as a journalist, with stints at the New York Times, TheStreet.com, Dow Jones and Knight-Ridder/Bridge News.
马克·波特(Mark Porter)是路透社的编辑,他撰写了大量涵盖各种主题的报道,从一般新闻到商业和政治新闻。在路透社工作超过 20 年的时间里,波特曾是路透内部电视项目和突发新闻团队的初始成员,他创建了娱乐博客,并担任过路透社在雅虎的编辑。作为一名记者,他已经工作了近 40 年,曾在《纽约时报》、TheStreet.com、道琼斯和 Knight-Ridder/Bridge News 等媒体工作过。
Thomson Reuters 汤姆森路透
Rupam Jain reports on India's politics and policy. She has reported from Afghanistan, Iran, the MENA countries, Nepal and Bangladesh. Before joining Reuters, she worked at Agence France Presse (AFP) and The Indian Express. Rupam studied at the Columbia University and the Calcutta University.
Rupam Jain 报道印度的政治和政策。她曾在阿富汗、伊朗、中东北非国家、尼泊尔和孟加拉国报道。加入路透社之前,她曾在法新社(AFP)和《印度快报》工作。Rupam 毕业于哥伦比亚大学和加尔各答大学。