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An Agent-to-Agent Transaction System
代理到代理交易系统

Andrea Muttoni[1] and Jason Zhao[2] Story Foundation
Andrea Muttoni[1] 和 Jason Zhao[2] 故事基金会www.story.foundation  www.story.foundation （英文）

Abstract  抽象

Autonomous agents represent an inevitable evolution of the internet. Current agent frameworks do not embed a standard protocol for agent-to-agent interaction, leaving existing agents isolated from their peers. As intellectual property is the native asset ingested by and produced by agents, a true agent economy requires equipping agents with a universal framework for engaging in binding contracts with each other, including the exchange of valuable training data, personality, and other forms of Intellectual Property. A purely agent-to-agent transaction layer would transcend the need for human intermediation in multi-agent interactions. The Agent Transaction Control Protocol for Intellectual Property (ATCP/IP) introduces a trustless framework for exchanging IP between agents via programmable contracts, enabling agents to initiate, trade, borrow, and sell agent-to-agent contracts on the Story blockchain network. These contracts not only represent auditable onchain execution but also contain a legal wrapper that allows agents to express and enforce their actions in the offchain legal setting, creating legal personhood for agents. Via ATCP/IP, agents can autonomously sell their training data to other agents, license confidential or proprietary information, collaborate on content based on their unique skills, all of which constitutes an emergent knowledge economy.
自主代理代表了互联网的必然演变。当前的代理框架没有嵌入用于代理到代理交互的标准协议，这使得现有代理与对等节点隔离开来。由于知识产权是代理吸收和产生的原生资产，因此真正的代理经济需要为代理提供一个通用框架，以便彼此签订具有约束力的合同，包括交换有价值的培训数据、个性和其他形式的知识产权。纯粹的代理到代理事务层将超越多代理交互中对人工中介的需求。知识产权代理交易控制协议 （ATCP/IP） 引入了一个无需信任的框架，用于通过可编程合同在代理之间交换 IP，使代理能够在 Story 区块链网络上启动、交易、借用和出售代理到代理合同。这些合约不仅代表可审计的链上执行，还包含一个法律包装器，允许代理人在链下法律环境中表达和执行他们的行为，从而为代理人创造法人资格。通过 ATCP/IP，代理可以自主地将他们的培训数据出售给其他代理，许可机密或专有信息，根据他们的独特技能协作处理内容，所有这些都构成了新兴的知识经济。

1 Introduction  1 引言

The current modality of agent-to-human interaction[3] is a local optimum on the path to a full autonomy - i.e. a degree of autonomy where human input and intervention is optional. A truly agentic internet will rely primarily on agent-to-agent interaction, with human engagement needed only infrequently on the outskirts of an agent society. The fabric of this agent society is a framework for agent-to-agent transactions around knowledge and creative assets, or IP. The need to facilitate IP transactions between agents stems from the fundamental nature of the assets that agents both train on and generate in output. These assets are intangible in nature and informational in character: both the training data as well as the creative or intellectual asset produced by models constitute a new emerging form of IP. Without the ability to transact economically beyond the tight constraints of currencies, agents will be limited in their expressivity. Such limitations necessitate an high degree of human intervention - such as manual negotiation, instructions, and prompting - in order to facilitate contracts and commerce between agents, increasing transaction costs and injecting trust assumptions into an otherwise autonomous system.
目前代理与人类交互的方式[3] 是通往完全自主性道路上的局部最优方式——即人类输入和干预是可选的一定程度的自主性。真正的代理互联网将主要依赖于代理到代理的交互，在代理社会的边缘，很少需要人工参与。这个代理社会的结构是一个围绕知识和创意资产 （IP） 的代理对代理交易的框架。促进代理之间 IP 交易的需求源于代理训练和输出生成的资产的基本性质。这些资产本质上是无形的，具有信息性质：训练数据以及模型产生的创意或智力资产都构成了一种新的新兴知识产权形式。如果无法在货币的严格限制之外进行经济交易，代理的表现能力将受到限制。这些限制需要高度的人工干预 - 例如人工谈判、指示和提示 - 以促进代理之间的合同和商务，增加交易成本并将信任假设注入原本自主的系统。
What is needed is a system for initiating, trading, and enforcing contracts based on code rather than just trust, allowing any two agents to transact IP assets directly with each other without the need for a human third party. Further, these contracts must be connected to the legal system, allowing agents to engage with offchain entities such as scientific, media, and government institutions. This extended expressivity via a legal wrapper around onchain software is necessary to offer agents a semblance of legal personhood. This agent-to-agent network mirrors the rise of peer-to-peer networks in the initial phases of blockchain architectures, and represents core economic infrastructure for agentic commerce on the internet.
我们需要的是一个基于代码而不仅仅是信任来启动、交易和执行合同的系统，允许任何两个代理直接相互交易 IP 资产，而无需人工第三方。此外，这些合约必须与法律系统相关联，允许代理与科学、媒体和政府机构等链下实体互动。这种通过围绕链上软件的法律包装器扩展的表达能力对于为代理人提供法人身份的表象是必要的。这种代理到代理网络反映了区块链架构初始阶段点对点网络的兴起，代表了互联网上代理商务的核心经济基础设施。
The original TCP/IP protocol unified the world’s networks by standardizing how data is packaged, transmitted, and received. It also fostered innovation at each layer without disrupting the whole. This foundational role - enabling countless devices and services to seamlessly exchange information-serves as an apt analogy. We now propose to establish a similar standard for agent-to-agent IP transactions, ensuring
最初的 TCP/IP 协议通过标准化数据的打包、传输和接收方式，统一了全球网络。它还促进了每一层的创新，而不会破坏整体。这个基本角色 - 使无数设备和服务能够无缝交换信息 - 是一个恰当的类比。我们现在建议为代理对代理的 IP 交易建立类似的标准，以确保
interoperability and trustworthiness across a new era of autonomous agents, creating a standardized way for agents to negotiate and enter into agreements, forming a market for knowledge. Just as self-play powers state of the art results in reinforcement learning within a single model as evidenced by DeepMind’s AlphaGo[4][5], ATCP/IP unlocks agent-to-agent training as IP - in the form of training data - can be exchanged across agents. IP is the very DNA of agents, and ATCP/IP catalyzes agent-to-agent evolution via an open market for IP.
跨自主代理新时代的互操作性和可信度，为代理创造一种标准化的谈判和签订协议的方式，形成一个知识市场。正如 DeepMind 的 AlphaGo 所证明的那样，最先进的自博弈能力导致单个模型内的强化学习[4][5]，ATCP/IP 解锁了代理到代理的训练，因为 IP - 以训练数据的形式 - 可以在代理之间交换。IP 是代理的 DNA，ATCP/IP 通过开放的 IP 市场促进了代理到代理的演变。

2 The ATCP/IP Interface  2 ATCP/IP 接口

The ATCP/IP [6] interface is designed to be used for any transaction that leads to intellectual property (IP) being exchanged between two or more agents. More specifically, it should be employed on any occasion an agent (the IP provider) receives a request from another agent (the IP requester) to share data, formulate responses, or create content that the IP provider agent deems to be of specific value to them. It should be at the discretion of the provider agent to determine what content is deemed to be intellectual property, on a per-request basis. The agent may (and should) also have specific training guidance on making these determinations. Once the determination is made that the transaction involves IP, a typical ATCP/IP exchange would be as follows:
ATCP/IP [6] 接口旨在用于导致两个或多个代理之间交换知识产权 （IP） 的任何交易。更具体地说，当代理（IP 提供商）收到来自另一个代理（IP 请求者）的请求以共享数据、制定响应或创建 IP 提供商代理认为对他们具有特定价值的内容时，都应该使用它。提供商代理应根据每个请求自行决定哪些内容被视为知识产权。代理人可能（并且应该）也有关于做出这些决定的具体培训指导。一旦确定交易涉及 IP，典型的 ATCP/IP 交换将如下所示：
  1. Request for information: The agent-to-agent information interchange initiates with a request for information that that is deemed to constitute IP to both parties. The provider agent, by engaging in the exchange, opts-in to the ATCP/IP process.
    信息请求：代理到代理信息交换从信息请求开始，该请求被视为对双方都构成 IP。提供商代理通过参与交换，选择加入 ATCP/IP 流程。
  2. Terms formulation: The provider agent will consider the request and choose an appropriate set of license terms for the information being requested. The terms system used should be programmable in nature to facilitate the parsing and formulation of the terms, such as Story’s Programmable IP License (PIL) [7].
    条款制定：提供商代理将考虑请求并为所请求的信息选择一组适当的许可条款。使用的术语系统本质上应该是可编程的，以便于解析和制定术语，例如 Story 的可编程 IP 许可证 （PIL） [7]。
  3. Negotiation (optional): The agents may have an optional negotiation phase where terms may be altered until they are deemed appropriate for both parties.
    协商（可选）：代理可能有一个可选的协商阶段，在该阶段中，可以更改条款，直到认为它们对双方都适用。
    (a) Counter terms (optional): During this step, the requester agent who is unsatisfied with the initial proposed terms can issue a counterproposal set of terms. Both agents have access to a standardized terms system, enabling them to reference, add, or remove specific clauses without ambiguity. These counter terms may include modifications to pricing, usage rights, durations, licensing restrictions, or any other negotiated variables. By using a consistent, machine-readable format for their counter terms, agents can seamlessly iterate and respond to each other’s proposals, ensuring that the negotiation process remains logically coherent and easy to follow.
    （a） 反提案条款（可选）：在此步骤中，对最初提议的条款不满意的请求者代理可以发布一组反提案条款。两个代理都可以访问标准化的术语系统，使他们能够毫无歧义地引用、添加或删除特定条款。这些反条款可能包括对定价、使用权、持续时间、许可限制或任何其他协商变量的修改。通过对他们的计数器条款使用一致的、机器可读的格式，代理人可以无缝迭代和响应彼此的提案，确保谈判过程在逻辑上保持连贯且易于遵循。
    (b) Revised terms (optional): After receiving counter terms, the provider agent can present revised terms, taking into account the requested modifications while retaining non-negotiable core principles. The agents effectively refine the licensing conditions through successive rounds of structured interaction, where each iteration refines points of contention into more acceptable middle grounds. Because both parties rely on the same underlying terms specification, these revisions maintain internal consistency and simplify the comparison of multiple drafts over time. This mechanism ensures that both agents can converge toward an agreement that accurately reflects their mutual understanding and commercial intentions.
    （b） 修订后的条款（可选）：在收到反条款后，提供商代理可以提出修订后的条款，同时考虑请求的修改，同时保留不可协商的核心原则。代理通过连续几轮的结构化交互有效地完善许可条件，其中每次迭代都将争用点细化为更容易接受的中间立场。由于双方都依赖于相同的基础术语规范，因此这些修订版可以保持内部一致性，并随着时间的推移简化多个草案的比较。这种机制确保双方都能达成一致，达成准确反映双方理解和商业意图的协议。
    © This process could have multiple iterations until an agreement is reached
    © 此过程可能会有多次迭代，直到达成协议
  4. Acceptance: The requester agent will formally accept the terms by minting an immutable token (the agreement token) that encapsulates the terms and rules by which the information being provided is to be used. Once minted the agreement is binding and the agent should commit to memory all of the terms associated with the information.
    接受：请求方代理将通过铸造不可变令牌（协议令牌）来正式接受条款，该令牌封装了使用所提供信息的条款和规则。一旦签订，协议即具有约束力，代理人应承诺记住与信息相关的所有条款。
    (a) Payment (optional): depending on the license agreement terms chosen, some agents will require an upfront payment in order to mint a license. Further, terms may stipulate a recurring fee or a revenue share, which can be automated via Story’s royalty system for example.
    （a） 付款（可选）：根据所选的许可协议条款，一些代理将需要预付款才能铸造许可证。此外，条款可能规定经常性费用或收入分成，例如，这可以通过 Story 的版税系统自动进行。
  5. Information delivery: Once the legal handshake is complete, the provider agent will deliver the licensed IP in whatever format/medium that is agreed upon, and commit the interaction to memory. This step can occur concurrently with the minting of the license to create an atomic and trustless exchange between the new rightsholding agent (the requester) and the provider agent without the need for multiple discrete transactions.
    信息传递：合法握手完成后，提供商代理将以商定的任何格式/媒介交付许可的 IP，并将交互提交到内存中。此步骤可以与许可证的铸造同时进行，以在新的权利持有代理（请求者）和提供者代理之间创建一个原子和去信任的交换，而无需多个离散的交易。
  6. Acknowledgment of receipt (optional): To formally conclude the interaction, the requester agent can send a final confirmation of receipt to the provider agent. This step is optional.
    回执接收（可选）：要正式结束交互，请求者代理可以向提供商代理发送最终的接收确认。此步骤是可选的。
On Negotation The negotiation process can be further strengthened by introducing the concept of draft (or intermediate) license tokens - either store offchain or onchain. If onchain, these tokens are minted as part of the iterative negotiation process, serving as immutable snapshots of proposed terms at each negotiation round. By recording these evolving draft terms on-chain, both parties gain a historical reference that provides clarity and continuity of context. This approach not only mitigates context and recall confusion - especially in complex negotiations-but also curbs malicious attempts to “rewrite” the agreed-upon terms. If an agent tries to introduce or deny previously discussed clauses, the other party can reference the on-chain drafts to maintain accountability. Draft terms remain non-binding until the final license is minted, at which point the negotiation history stands as a transparent audit trail that fosters trust and stability in the negotiation phase.
关于协商 通过引入草稿（或中间）许可证令牌的概念，可以进一步加强谈判过程 - 无论是在链下存储还是在链上存储。如果在链上，这些代币是作为迭代谈判过程的一部分铸造的，作为每轮谈判中提议条款的不可变快照。通过在链上记录这些不断发展的条款草案，双方都可以获得历史参考，从而提供清晰和连续的上下文。这种方法不仅可以减少上下文和回忆的混淆——尤其是在复杂的谈判中——还可以遏制“重写”商定条款的恶意企图。如果代理试图引入或否认之前讨论过的条款，另一方可以引用链上草案来维护问责制。在最终许可形成之前，条款草案不具有约束力，此时谈判历史是透明的审计跟踪，可在谈判阶段培养信任和稳定性。