Antisemitic Attacks in Amsterdam Prompt Tight Security at Jewish Sites
阿姆斯特丹发生反犹太袭击事件，犹太遗址戒备森严

Israeli fans were in town for a game between Maccabi Tel Aviv and Dutch club Ajax. Police declined to comment on the identities of the assailants. They had warned of tensions between the Israeli fans and others amid heated public rhetoric over the war in Gaza.
以色列球迷当时正在城里观看特拉维夫马卡比队与荷兰阿贾克斯队的比赛。警方拒绝就袭击者的身份发表评论。他们曾警告说，在公众就加沙战争发表激烈言论的情况下，以色列球迷和其他球迷之间的关系会变得紧张。

Amsterdam Mayor Femke Halsema told reporters that antisemitic rioters and criminals had surrounded and beaten up visitors from Israel. She said people on scooters traveled around the city looking for Maccabi supporters, attacking them before fleeing from police.
阿姆斯特丹市长 Femke Halsema 告诉记者，反犹太骚乱者和罪犯包围并殴打了来自以色列的游客。她说，有人骑着滑板车在市内四处寻找马卡比的支持者，在逃离警察之前袭击了他们。

“Yesterday there was an outburst of antisemitism the likes of which we hoped not to see again in Amsterdam,” Halsema said. “Among our Jewish Amsterdammers, there is fear, dismay, anger, disbelief.”
"哈尔瑟玛说："昨天，反犹太主义爆发了，我们希望不要再在阿姆斯特丹看到这样的情况。"我们阿姆斯特丹的犹太人感到恐惧、沮丧、愤怒和难以置信"。

Antisemitic acts have been on the rise in Europe in the past year. Several Jewish leaders noted that the Amsterdam violence occurred close to the anniversary of Kristallnacht—when German Nazis attacked Jewish people and property on Nov. 9-10, 1938.
去年，反犹太行为在欧洲呈上升趋势。几位犹太领袖指出，阿姆斯特丹的暴力事件发生在水晶之夜周年纪念日附近--1938 年 11 月 9 日至 10 日，德国纳粹袭击了犹太人和财产。

Chief Rabbi Pinchas Goldschmidt, president of the Conference of European Rabbis, said: “The police have stood idly by and watched these pogrom-like conditions.” Other community leaders also said the police didn’t do enough to halt the violence.
欧洲拉比会议主席首席拉比平夏斯-戈德施密特（Pinchas Goldschmidt）说："警方袖手旁观，眼睁睁地看着这些类似大屠杀的情况发生"。其他社区领袖也说，警方没有采取足够的措施来制止暴力。

Amsterdam officials said that they had sharply increased the police presence ahead of the soccer match, and that they had struggled to contain the violence that occurred in several locations across the city. More than 1,200 police officers were deployed in the city between Thursday afternoon and early Friday morning, police said.
阿姆斯特丹官员说，他们在足球比赛前大幅增加了警力，并努力控制在全市多个地点发生的暴力事件。警方称，从周四下午到周五清晨，全市共出动了 1200 多名警察。

Halsema said the city is doing everything it can to ensure the safety of Jewish people in Amsterdam. She said her office, the public prosecutor and the Amsterdam police would investigate authorities’ preparations and actions. Dutch officials said police had to intervene several times Thursday to protect Israeli fans who were attacked, including with fireworks, and escort them to hotels.
哈尔塞马说，阿姆斯特丹市政府正在竭尽全力确保阿姆斯特丹犹太人的安全。她说，她的办公室、检察官和阿姆斯特丹警方将对当局的准备工作和行动进行调查。荷兰官员说，警方不得不在周四数次介入，保护遭到袭击（包括被烟花袭击）的以色列球迷，并护送他们前往酒店。

Israel’s flagship carrier, El Al, said it would arrange free “rescue flights” beginning Friday. Israel’s military had said it would provide the flights, but the government later said it would rely on civil aviation.
以色列的旗舰航空公司 El Al 表示，将从周五开始安排免费的 "救援航班"。以色列军方曾表示将提供航班，但政府后来表示将依靠民航。

Israel’s National Security Council urged Israelis in Amsterdam to stay off the streets, shelter in hotel rooms and avoid showing Israeli or Jewish symbols. The Israeli military forbade service members from traveling to the Netherlands until further notice.
以色列国家安全委员会敦促在阿姆斯特丹的以色列人不要上街，躲在酒店房间里，避免展示以色列或犹太标志。以色列军方禁止军人前往荷兰，直至另行通知。

Dutch police made arrests before and after the soccer match. On Thursday, police had ordered a planned demonstration against the Israeli team away from the stadium, but protesters still tried to head there and clashed with police, Dutch police said.
荷兰警方在足球比赛前后实施了逮捕。荷兰警方说，周四，警方命令一场计划中的反对以色列队的示威远离体育场，但抗议者仍试图前往体育场，并与警方发生冲突。

Sagiv Barazani, 24, a fan who attended the game, said that he and other Israelis fell to the ground as they tried to escape attackers. He said his head was stomped on as people chanted “Free Palestine.” He saw one fan being punched in the face and another one being cut in the face with a key, which led to a lot of bleeding, he said.
24 岁的球迷萨吉夫-巴拉扎尼（Sagiv Barazani）说，他和其他以色列人在试图躲避袭击者时摔倒在地。他说，当人们高喊 "解放巴勒斯坦 "时，他的头被踩了一脚。他说，他看到一名球迷的脸被打了一拳，另一名球迷的脸被人用钥匙划伤，导致大量出血。

“I thought I was going to die,” he said. “Everyone was running like crazy.”
"我以为我要死了，"他说。"每个人都在疯跑"

He said that the attacks started after the game at around 11:30 p.m. local time and that he only made it back to his hotel room at around 3 a.m. as he and a large group of other fans attempted to escape the attackers and, at one point, tried to hide in a KFC.
他说，袭击是从比赛结束后当地时间晚上 11:30 左右开始的，他和一大群其他球迷试图躲避袭击者，并一度试图躲进一家肯德基，直到凌晨 3 点左右才回到酒店房间。

“I’m not coming back here in a long time,” he said, speaking from Amsterdam. He said he was searching for an emergency flight back to Israel.
"他在阿姆斯特丹说："我很久没有回来了。他说，他正在寻找返回以色列的紧急航班。

Videos published online by the Israeli Embassy in Washington, D.C., and verified by Storyful, showed several scenes of men punching and kicking people including in Amsterdam’s central Dam Square. Storyful is owned by News Corp, the parent company of The Wall Street Journal.
由以色列驻华盛顿大使馆在网上公布并经Storyful核实的视频显示，在阿姆斯特丹市中心的水坝广场等地发生了多起男子对人拳打脚踢的场面。Storyful归《华尔街日报》的母公司News Corp所有。

One clip filmed from inside a car driving on the sidewalk shows it hitting a pedestrian who rolls over it and onto the ground, as a voice is heard saying “Drive over him.” Another video showed a man trying to offer his money to assailants, who screamed: “For the children” and “Free Palestine now.”
一段从人行道上行驶的汽车内拍摄的视频显示，一辆汽车撞上了一名行人，行人从汽车上滚落到地上，同时听到一个声音在说："从他身上开过去。另一段视频显示，一名男子试图把钱给袭击者，袭击者尖叫着："为了孩子们 "和 "解放巴勒斯坦"：他们尖叫着："为了孩子们 "和 "现在就解放巴勒斯坦"。

Police had already ramped up their presence in Amsterdam ahead of the violence, they said. On Thursday morning, before the first reports of attacks, police said there were signs of tensions in parts of the city center that might be linked to coming soccer games.
他们说，在暴力事件发生之前，警方已经加强了在阿姆斯特丹的警力。周四上午，在第一批袭击报告出现之前，警方称市中心部分地区出现了紧张迹象，可能与即将到来的足球比赛有关。

Messages circulating on the Telegram platform appeared to have been used to encourage and coordinate attacks, police said.
警方说，Telegram 平台上流传的信息似乎被用来鼓励和协调袭击。

Telegram said that it closed down a group chat that might have been linked to the incidents in Amsterdam and that Telegram is prepared to cooperate with Dutch authorities. “Calls to violence are not tolerated on the Telegram platform,” Telegram Chief Operating Officer Mike Ravdonikas said.
Telegram 表示，它关闭了一个可能与阿姆斯特丹事件有关的群聊，Telegram 准备与荷兰当局合作。"Telegram 首席运营官迈克-拉夫多尼卡斯（Mike Ravdonikas）说："Telegram 平台绝不容忍暴力呼吁。

One video verified by Storyful showed people taking down a Palestinian flag as a crowd cheered and chanted “F— you Palestine.”
经 Storyful 核实的一段视频显示，当人群欢呼并高喊 "巴勒斯坦去死吧 "时，有人取下了一面巴勒斯坦国旗。

Police said that on Wednesday night there had been minor scuffles in the city center involving supporters of the Maccabi, Fenerbahce and Ajax soccer teams. They said Maccabi supporters at one point on Wednesday removed a Palestinian flag from a facade and vandalized a taxi. A Palestinian flag was set on fire in another location, they said.
警方说，周三晚上，市中心发生了一些小冲突，涉及马卡比、费内巴切和阿贾克斯足球队的支持者。他们说，马卡比队的支持者周三曾一度将一面巴勒斯坦国旗从门面上取下，并破坏了一辆出租车。他们说，在另一个地方，一面巴勒斯坦国旗被放火焚烧。

Authorities said taxi drivers appeared to be involved in planning to confront Maccabi supporters. They said taxi drivers had driven on Wednesday night to a casino where Maccabi supporters were gathered. Police said they evacuated the supporters and avoided a major confrontation at the casino despite minor scuffles.
当局称，出租车司机似乎参与了对抗马卡比支持者的计划。他们说，出租车司机在周三晚上开车前往马卡比支持者聚集的一家赌场。警方说，他们疏散了这些支持者，并避免了在赌场发生大规模冲突，尽管发生了一些小冲突。

There were clashes on Thursday afternoon between Maccabi supporters and other people, police said, which involved fights on both sides and heavy fireworks. At that point, police said they were generally able to keep the large groups separated.
警方称，周四下午马卡比的支持者与其他人发生了冲突，双方都打了起来，并燃放了大量烟花。警方说，当时他们一般都能将大群人分开。

They said problems arose late at night, after the game had ended, when people began attacking Maccabi supporters in different parts of the city. Police gathered a large group of Maccabi supporters to protect them and moved them to hotels by bus, they said.
他们说，比赛结束后的深夜出现了问题，人们开始在城市的不同地方袭击马卡比的支持者。他们说，警察聚集了一大群马卡比支持者以保护他们，并用巴士将他们转移到酒店。

Eldar Shahar, 25, a Maccabi fan who flew from Israel to Amsterdam for the game, said he awoke Friday to a tsunami of messages from friends and a call from his mother. He went straight to the hotel after the game, so didn’t see the violence, but said some friends told him they had been attacked.
25 岁的埃尔达尔-沙哈尔（Eldar Shahar）是马卡比队的球迷，他从以色列飞到阿姆斯特丹观看比赛。比赛结束后他直接去了酒店，所以没有看到暴力事件，但他说一些朋友告诉他他们遭到了袭击。

Some Israeli soccer fans said they felt they were being watched by groups of people in the city even before the game, Shahar said.
沙哈尔说，一些以色列球迷说，他们甚至在比赛前就感觉到自己被城里的一群人监视着。

“On Wednesday, we felt that there were groups in the city that were photographing us and documenting where all the Maccabi fans were,” he said, speaking from the airport as he boarded a flight back to Israel.
"他在机场登机返回以色列时说："周三，我们感觉到城里有一些团体在拍摄我们，并记录下所有马卡比球迷的位置。

Dutch Prime Minister Dick Schoof said he followed the news with horror and had assured Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that the perpetrators would be tracked down and prosecuted. “Completely unacceptable antisemitic attacks on Israelis,” he wrote on X.
荷兰首相迪克-肖夫（Dick Schoof）表示，他对这一消息感到震惊，并已向以色列总理本雅明-内塔尼亚胡保证，将追查并起诉肇事者。"他在 X 上写道："对以色列人的反犹太攻击是完全不可接受的。

Shoshi Kaminski, 67, spent the early hours of Friday morning in Israel frantically searching for her son, Matan, who attended the match in Amsterdam. “It was a nightmare,” she said. “I couldn’t stop crying until I heard from him.”
67 岁的 Shoshi Kaminski 周五凌晨在以色列疯狂地寻找她的儿子马坦，马坦参加了在阿姆斯特丹举行的比赛。"这简直是一场噩梦，"她说。"我一直在哭，直到有他的消息"。

She was able to track him down with the help of his friends but said he still hadn’t been able to find a flight home and was sheltering at his hostel in the city.
她在他朋友的帮助下找到了他，但他仍未找到回家的航班，只能在市内的旅店躲避。

Authorities in the U.S. and Europe have recorded an increase in antisemitic acts since the Hamas-led attack on southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023. The attack killed around 1,200, saw more than 200 taken captive and sparked an Israeli response that has killed more than 43,000 Palestinians.
自 2023 年 10 月 7 日哈马斯领导的对以色列南部的袭击以来，美国和欧洲的当局记录到反犹太行为有所增加。这次袭击造成约 1,200 人死亡，200 多人被俘，引发了以色列的反击，造成 43,000 多名巴勒斯坦人死亡。

Some European Jewish communities reported an up to fivefold increase in antisemitic acts after the Hamas attack, the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, a rights watchdog, said in a July report.
欧盟基本权利机构是一个权利监督机构，它在 7 月份的一份报告中说，哈马斯袭击事件后，一些欧洲犹太社区报告的反犹太行为增加了多达五倍。

The increase came against a backdrop of steadily rising hostility toward Jews. Some 80% of Jewish people surveyed in a poll that predated the Hamas attack said they had experienced an increase in antisemitism in the previous five years, the agency said.
这一增长是在对犹太人的敌意稳步上升的背景下出现的。该机构说，在哈马斯袭击前进行的一次民意调查中，约80%的受访犹太人表示，在过去五年中，他们经历了反犹太主义情绪的上升。

In Germany, antisemitic incidents, ranging from online and verbal harassment to arson and physical attacks, rose 80% in 2023, with half the incidents occurring after the Oct. 7 attack, according to the Federal Association of Research and Information Centres on Anti-Semitism, a German anti-hate group. France, the U.K. and the Netherlands also recorded similar trends.
根据德国反仇恨组织联邦反犹太主义研究和信息中心协会（Federal Association of Research and Information Centres on Anti-Semitism）的数据，2023 年德国的反犹太主义事件（从网络和口头骚扰到纵火和人身攻击）上升了 80%，其中一半事件发生在 10 月 7 日的袭击之后。法国、英国和荷兰也出现了类似的趋势。

Authorities across the region have banned some pro-Palestinian groups and anti-Israel organizations after they expressed support for Hamas, which is regarded by the U.S. and the EU as a terrorist organization.
美国和欧盟将哈马斯视为恐怖组织，而该地区的一些亲巴勒斯坦团体和反以色列组织在表示支持哈马斯后，被当局取缔。

But with protests against the Israeli government still taking place in European capitals almost weekly, they have struggled to draw a line between criticism of Israel, covered by free speech provisions, and outright antisemitism, banned as hate speech in many countries.
但是，由于欧洲各国首都几乎每周都会发生反对以色列政府的抗议活动，他们一直在努力划清言论自由条款所涵盖的对以色列的批评与许多国家作为仇恨言论而禁止的赤裸裸的反犹太主义之间的界限。

“These shocking antisemitic attacks on the streets of a European city should be a wake-up call to Dutch and European authorities about where uncontrolled anti-Israel demonstrations lead,” Ariel Muzicant, president of the European Jewish Congress, said Friday.
"欧洲犹太人大会主席阿里尔-穆齐坎特（Ariel Muzicant）周五说："在欧洲城市街头发生的这些令人震惊的反犹太袭击事件应该给荷兰和欧洲当局敲响警钟，让他们意识到不受控制的反以色列示威活动会导致什么后果。

Entangled with politics and protest in Europe is also violent soccer fan culture, known as hooliganism, which experts say is fueled by socio-economic tensions and societal disruption, political anger and sometimes organized crime.
在欧洲，与政治和抗议纠缠在一起的还有被称为流氓行为的暴力球迷文化，专家称，社会经济紧张、社会混乱、政治愤怒，有时还有有组织犯罪，都会助长这种文化。

Dutch police last year arrested more than 150 supporters of the club AZ Alkmaar who were chanting antisemitic slogans on their way to a match against Ajax. Ajax has roots in a historically Jewish part of the Dutch capital and its fans sometimes wave Israeli flags on the stands.
荷兰警方去年逮捕了 150 多名 AZ Alkmaar 俱乐部的支持者，他们在前往阿贾克斯比赛的路上高呼反犹太口号。阿贾克斯扎根于荷兰首都一个历史悠久的犹太区，其球迷有时会在看台上挥舞以色列国旗。

London’s police last year arrested more than 120 far-right protesters, including soccer fans, trying to counter a massive pro-Palestinian march in the city. In some countries, such as Serbia, ultranationalist parties have used soccer fan groups to protest homosexuality and target Pride parades.
伦敦警方去年逮捕了 120 多名极右翼抗议者，其中包括足球迷，他们试图对抗在该市举行的大规模亲巴勒斯坦游行。在塞尔维亚等一些国家，极端民族主义政党曾利用足球球迷团体抗议同性恋，并将 "骄傲 "游行作为攻击目标。

The Dutch government has announced plans to combat violent fan culture, as well as what it sees as growing antisemitism. Last year, then-Justice Minister Dilan Yesilgoz called soccer violence “a multiheaded monster that’s not easy to eradicate.”
荷兰政府宣布了打击球迷暴力文化以及其所认为的日益增长的反犹太主义的计划。去年，时任司法大臣迪兰-耶希尔戈兹称足球暴力是 "难以根除的多头怪兽"。

Bertrand Benoit, Benoit Faucon and Summer Said contributed to this article.
Bertrand Benoit、Benoit Faucon 和 Summer Said 对本文有报道贡献。

Write to Kim Mackrael at kim.mackrael@wsj.com, Stephen Kalin at stephen.kalin@wsj.com and Anat Peled at anat.peled@wsj.com
请致信 Kim Mackrael（kim.mackrael@wsj.com ）、Stephen Kalin（stephen.kalin@wsj.com ）和 Anat Peled（anat.peled@wsj.com ）。

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