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Chapter 1 Professional Communication in Today’s Digital, Social, Mobile World
第 1 章 当今数字、社交、移动世界中的专业沟通

Communication Is Important
沟通重要

A Stronger Sense of Trust
更强的信任感

Closer Marketplace Ties
更紧密的市场联系

Opportunities for Influence
影响力的机会

Better Productivity and Problem Solving
更好的生产力和解决问题的能力

Better Financial Returns and Results
更好的财务回报和结果

Earlier Warning of Potential Problems
提前警告潜在问题

Stronger, More Timely Decision Making
更强大、更及时的决策

Clear, Persuasive Marketing Messages
清晰、有说服力的营销信息

Increased Employee Engagement
提高员工敬业度

What Makes Business Communication Effective?
是什么让商务沟通变得有效?

Provide practical information
提供实用信息

Give facts, not vague impressions
提供事实,而不是模糊的印象

Deliver information concisely and efficiently
简洁高效地传递信息

Clarify expectations and responsibilities
明确期望和责任

Offer compelling, persuasive arguments and recommendations
提供令人信服、有说服力的论点和建议

What Is Professionalism?
的专业是什么

Excellence
卓越

Teamwork
团队合作

Ethical Behavior
道德行为

Dependability
可靠性

Etiquette
礼仪

Positive Attitude
积极的态度

Understanding What Employers Expect from You
了解雇主对您的期望

Possessing digital information fluency
拥有数字信息流畅性

Organizing ideas and information
组织想法和信息

Expressing coherent, persuasive ideas
表达连贯、有说服力的想法

Listening actively to others
积极倾听他人说话

Communicating in diverse situations
在不同的情况下进行沟通

Using communication technologies effectively
有效地使用通信技术

Using standard grammar and spelling
使用标准语法和拼写

Communicating in a civilized manner
文明沟通

Practicing ethical communication
实践道德沟通

Managing time and resources
管理时间和资源

Using critical thinking
运用批判性思维

The Basic Communication Model
基本沟通模型

The Sender Has an idea
发件人有一个想法

Sender Encodes idea as a Message
发送者将想法编码为消息

Sender Produces the Message
发送者产生消息

Sender Transmits the Message
发送者传输消息

Audience Receives Sender's Message
观众收到发件人的消息

Audience Decodes the Message
观众解码信息

Audience Responds to the Message
观众回复消息

Audience Gives Feedback to Sender
观众向发送者提供反馈

Mobile Technology and Business Communication Practices
移动技术和商业通信实践

Challenges of constant connectivity
持续连接的挑战

Challenges for creating/consuming content
创建/消费内容的挑战

Multitasking and other distractions
多任务处理和其他干扰

Pressures on standards of grammar and writing
对语法和写作标准的压力

Sensory and cognitive extensions
感官和认知扩展

Security and privacy concerns
安全和隐私问题

Productivity and collaboration
生产力和协作

Assistance with business tasks
协助处理业务任务

Decision making and problem solving
决策和解决问题

Engaging experiences for customers
为客户提供引人入胜的体验

Unethical Communication
不道德的沟通

Plagiarizing ideas or Products
抄袭想法或产品

Omitting Essential Information
省略重要信息

Selectively Misquoting
选择性错误引用

Misrepresenting Numbers
歪曲数字

Distorting Visual Displays
扭曲视觉显示

Risking Privacy and Security
冒着隐私和安全的风险

Failing to Disclose Financially Beneficial Relationships
未能披露经济利益关系

Distinguishing Ethical Lapses from Ethical Dilemmas
区分道德失误和道德困境

Ethical Dilemma:Choosing among Conflicting Alternatives
道德困境:在相互冲突的选择中进行选择

Ethical Lapse:Making a Choice That's Clearly Unethical
道德失范:做出明显不道德的选择

Making Ethical Choices
做出合乎道德的选择

Have you defined the situation fairly?
您是否公平地定义了情况?

What is your intention in communicating?
你沟通的目的是什么?

What impact will your message have?
您的消息将产生什么影响?

What good or harm will be achieved?
会带来什么好处或坏处?

Will your assumptions change?
你的假设会改变吗?

Are you comfortable with the decision?
您对这个决定感到满意吗?

Advantages of a Diverse Workforce
多元化劳动力的优势

Obtaining More Views and ideas
获得更多的观点和想法

Understanding diverse Markets
了解多元化市场

Accessing a Wider Pool of Talent
接触更广泛的人才库

Challenges of a Diverse Workforce
多元化劳动力的挑战

Understanding the Effects of Culture
了解文化的影响

Developing Cultural Competency
发展文化能力

Key Aspects of Cultural Diversity
文化多样性的关键方面

Cultural Context
文化背景

Legal and Ethical
法律和道德

Social Customs
社会风俗

Nonverbal Signals
非语言信号

Age Differences
年龄差异

Gender Differences
性别差异

Religious Differences
宗教差异

Ability Differences
能力差异

Legal and Ethical Differences
法律和道德差异

Seek Mutual Ground
寻求共同基础

Withhold Judgment
暂缓判断

Send Honest Messages
发送诚实的消息

Respect Cultural Differences
尊重文化差异

Age Differences
年龄差异

Cultures that Value Youth
重视青年的文化

Cultures that Value Seniority
重视资历的文化

Cultures with Multiple Generations Shaped by World Events
世界事件塑造的多代文化

Gender Differences
性别差异

Perception of Men and Women
对男性和女性的看法

Percentage of Management Roles
管理角色的百分比

Different Communication Styles
不同的沟通方式

Outdated Concepts of Gender and Sexual Orientation
过时的性别和性取向概念

Religious Differences
宗教差异

Personal Beliefs
个人信仰

Workplace issues
工作场所问题

Ability Differences
能力差异

Respect for Individuals
尊重个人

Sensitivity to Differences
对差异的敏感性

Use of Assistive Technologies
辅助技术的使用

Advice for improving intercultural communication
改善跨文化交流的建议

Avoid ethnocentrism
避免种族中心主义

Avoid stereotyping individuals
避免对个人形成刻板印象

Don't assume others are like you
不要假设别人和你一样

Accept differences; don't be judgmental
接受差异;不要评判

Communicate respect in other cultures
在其他文化中传达尊重

Tolerate ambiguity and control frustration
容忍歧义并控制挫败感

Look beyond superficial factors
超越表面因素

Recognize your own cultural biases
认识到自己的文化偏见

Be flexible and prepared to change
保持灵活性并准备好改变

Observe and learn about other cultures
观察和了解其他文化

Writing for Multilingual Audiences
为多语言受众写作

Use Plain Language
使用简单的语言

Use Precise Words
使用精确的词语

Use Clear Examples
使用清晰的例子

Cite Numbers Carefully
仔细引用数字

Avoid Slang & Jargon
避免俚语和行话

Be Brief
简短一点

Use Short Paragraphs
使用短段落

Use Transitions
使用过渡

Speaking with Multilingual Audiences
与多语言观众交谈

Speak clearly and simply
说清楚、简单

Look for feedback
寻找反馈

Rephrase as needed
根据需要改写

Clarify your meaning with examples
用例子阐明你的意思

Don't “talk down" to others
不要对别人“居高临下”

Learn common greetings and key phrases
学习常用问候语和关键短语

Listen with care and respect
小心并尊重地倾听

Adapt your style to the other person
让你的风格适应他人

Check for comprehension often
经常检查理解情况

Clarify what will happen next
明确接下来会发生什么

Keeping Technology in Perspective
正确看待技术

Technology can:
技术可以:

Help You Accomplish Essential Tasks, Support Interpersonal Communication
帮助您完成基本任务,支持人际沟通

Technology cannot:
技术不能:

Replace Interpersonal Communication, Think for You or Supply Essential Skills
取代人际沟通、为你思考或提供基本技能

Using Tools Productively
高效地使用工具

Using Technologies Effectively
有效利用技术

Using Technologies Efficiently
有效利用技术

Learning Advanced Features
学习高级功能

Guarding Against Information Overload
防止信息过载

Message Recipients: Set Filters and Priorities, Limit RSS and Twitter Feeds
消息收件人:设置过滤器和优先级,限制 RSS 和 Twitter 源

Message Senders: Consider the Audience, Meet Audience Needs
信息发送者:考虑受众满足受众需求

Reconnecting with People Frequently
经常与人重新建立联系

Solve Tough Problems
解决难题

Maintain Interpersonal Relationships
维持人际关系

Learn about Other People
了解其他人

Let People Get to Know Who You Are
让人们了解你是谁

Skills for Your Career
您的职业技能

Critical Thinking
批判性思维

Collaboration
合作

Learn About Other People
了解其他人

Knowledge Application and Analysis
知识应用与分析

Business Ethics and Social Responsibility
商业道德和社会责任

Information Technology Skills
信息技术技能

Data Literacy
数据素养

Chapter 2 Collaboration, Interpersonal Communication, and Business Etiquette
第二章 协作、人际交往与商务礼仪

Advantages of Teams
团队优势

Increased Information and Knowledge
增加信息和知识

Learning Opportunities
学习机会

Boldness
大胆

Accountability
问责制

Trust Building
建立信任

Increased Diversity of Viewpoints
观点的多样性增加

Increased Acceptance of Solutions
提高解决方案的接受度

Increased Levels of Performance
提高绩效水平

Disadvantages of Teams
团队的缺点

Groupthink: Pressure to Conform, Affects Decision Quality
群体思维:服从的压力影响决策质量

Hidden Agenda: Restricts Interaction, Limits Productivity
隐藏议程:限制互动,限制生产力

High Cost: Aligning Schedules, Arranging Meetings
高成本:调整日程、安排会议

Characteristics of Effective Teams
高效团队的特征

Clear Objective
明确的目标

Full Engagement
充分参与

Shared Purpose
共同目标

Consensus Decision Making
共识决策

Communication
沟通

Creativity and Technical Skills
创造力和技术技能

Psychological Safety
心理安全

Mix of Skills and Abilities
技能和能力的结合

The Needs of the Team First
团队的需求第一

Open and Honest Communication
开放和诚实的沟通

Guidelines for Collaborative Writing
协作写作指南

Select Collaborators Carefully
谨慎选择合作者

Agree on Goals Before You Start
在开始之前就目标达成一致

Give the Team Some Time to Bond
给团队一些时间来建立联系

Clarify Individual Responsibilities
明确个人责任

Establish Clear Group Processes
建立清晰的团队流程

Avoid Writing as a Group
避免以小组形式写作

Use Compatible Technologies
使用兼容技术

Seek Feedback from the Team Often
经常寻求团队的反馈

Technologies for Collaborative Writing
协作写作技术

Content Management System: Organized Approach, Controlled Access
内容管理系统:有组织的方法,受控访问

Wiki: Flexible Approach, Open Access
Wiki:灵活的方法,开放获取

Groupware: Shared Knowledge, Cloud Computing
群件:共享知识、云计算

Shared Workspaces: Intranets, Extranets
共享工作空间:内联网、外联网

Collaboration via Mobile Devices
通过移动设备进行协作

Unified Communication
统一通信

Voice and Video Calling
语音和视频通话

Voice and Video Conferencing
语音和视频会议

Instant Messaging
即时通讯

Real-Time Collaboration
实时协作

Giving and Responding to Constructive Feedback
给予和回应建设性反馈

Offering Constructive Criticism
提出建设性批评

Focus on the process and outcomes.
关注过程和结果。

Provide clear guidelines for improvement.
提供明确的改进指南。

Receiving Constructive Criticism
接受建设性批评

Don't get defensive or deny the feedback's validity.
不要采取防御措施或否认反馈的有效性。

Use the feedback to accept the quality of your work.
使用反馈来接受您的工作质量。

Preparing for Meetings
准备会议

Careful Preparation and Planning Tasks
精心准备和规划任务

Clarify the Purpose of Your Meeting.
明确会议的目的。

Select the Participants for the Meeting
选择会议参与者

Choose the Meeting's Time and Venue.
选择会议的时间和地点。

Set and Share the Purpose of the Meeting.
设定并分享会议的目的。

Conducting and Contributing to Efficient Meetings
主持并促进高效会议

Keep the Discussion on Track
让讨论保持正轨

Follow Agreed-Upon Rules.
遵循商定的规则。

Encourage Everyone to Participate.
鼓励大家参与。

Participate in an Active Way.
以积极的方式参与。

Don't interrupt
不要打扰

Use Mobile Devices Respectfully.
尊重地使用移动设备。

Close the Meeting Effectively.
有效地结束会议。

Putting Meeting Results to Productive Use
将会议成果投入生产

Written Meeting Minutes
书面会议纪要

Problems and Opportunities
问题与机遇

Action items Discussed
讨论的行动项目

Key Decisions Made
做出的关键决定

Important announcements
重要公告

Responsibilities Assigned
职责分配

Using Meeting Technologies
使用会议技术

Virtual Meetings
虚拟会议

Instant Messaging
即时通讯

Tele conferencing
电话会议

Video conferencing
视频会议

Web Based Meetings
基于网络的会议

Recognizing Various Types of Listening
识别各种类型的听力

Content
内容

Empathic
善解人意

Critical
批判的

Active
积极的

Understanding the Listening Process
了解听力过程

1. Receiving or Hearing the Message
1. 接收或听到消息

2. Decoding or Assigning Meaning
2. 解码或赋予意义

3. Remembering for Future Reference
3. 记住以备将来参考

4. Evaluating the Quality of Information
4. 评估信息质量

5. Responding to the Message
5. 回复消息

Overcoming Barriers to Effective Listening
克服有效倾听的障碍

Selective Listening
选择性听力

Selective Perception
选择性知觉

Language or Experience
语言或经验

Understanding Nonverbal Signals in Communication
理解沟通中的非语言信号

Verbal Messages
口头信息

Enhance
提高

Weaken
削弱

Replace
代替

Six important Nonverbal Signals
六个重要的非语言信号

Facial Expressions
面部表情

Gestures and Posture
手势和姿势

Vocal Characteristics
声音特征

Personal Appearance
个人形象

Touching Behavior
触摸行为

Time and Space
时间与空间

Workplace Etiquette
职场礼仪

Respect for Time
尊重时间

Don't interrupt
不要打扰

Watch Language
观看语言

Dress Appropriately
着装得体

Pay Attention to Cleanliness
注意清洁

Avoid Eating at Your Desk
避免在办公桌前吃饭

Respect Personal Space
尊重个人空间

Don't Gossip
不要八卦

Don't Come to Work if Sick
生病时不要来上班

Keep the Noise Level Down
降低噪音水平

Don't Discuss Religion or Politics
不要讨论宗教或政治

Guidelines for Using Phones in the Workplace
在工作场所使用电话的指南

Be Aware of How Your Voice Sounds.
注意你的声音听起来如何。

Be Courteous When Placing Calls,
打电话时要有礼貌,

Convey a Positive, Professional Attitude.
传达积极、专业的态度。

End Calls Courteously and Clearly.
礼貌而清晰地结束通话。

Use Your Own Voicemail to Help Callers.
使用您自己的语音信箱来帮助呼叫者。

Be Considerate When Leaving Voicemails.
留下语音邮件时要考虑周到。

Business Etiquette Using Mobile Devices
使用移动设备的商务礼仪

Obnoxious Ringtones
令人讨厌的铃声

Mute Your Phone in Meetings
在会议中将手机静音

Talking Loudly in Public Spaces
在公共场所大声说话

Unnecessary Personal Calls at Work
工作中不必要的私人电话

Invading Privacy
侵犯隐私

Taking or Making Calls in Inappropriate Places
在不适当的地方接听或拨打电话

Texting during Meals
吃饭时发短信

Interrupting Meetings and Discussion
打扰会议和讨论

Business Etiquette Online
在线商务礼仪

Avoid personal attacks.
避免人身攻击。

Focus on the original topic.
重点关注原来的主题。

Don't present opinions as facts.
不要将观点当作事实来表达。

Support facts with evidence.
用证据支持事实。

Follow spelling and punctuation rules
遵循拼写和标点符号规则

Maintain current antivirus protection.
维持当前的防病毒保护。

Ask permission before you start chatting.
在开始聊天之前先征求许可。

Control language and emotions.
控制语言和情绪。

Avoid multitasking during communication.
避免在沟通过程中同时处理多项任务。

Never assume you have privacy.
永远不要假设你有隐私。

Don't abuse the “reply all" feature.
不要滥用“全部回复”功能。

Don't waste other people's time.
不要浪费别人的时间。

Respect boundaries of time and space.
尊重时间和空间的界限。

Be careful with online commenting.
网上评论要小心。

Business Etiquette in Social Settings
社交场合的商务礼仪

Meeting Others
与他人会面

Representing Your Company
代表您的公司

Introducing Yourself
自我介绍

Introducing Other People
介绍其他人

Business Meals
商务餐

Observing Dining Etiquette
遵守用餐礼仪

Starting Polite Conversations
开始礼貌对话

Choosing Appropriate Topics
选择合适的主题

Chapter 3 Planning Business Messages
第 3 章 规划业务消息

The Three-Step Process
三步过程

Plan
计划

Write

Complete
完全的

Planning Business Messages
规划业务消息

Analyzing the Situation
分析情况

Choosing Media and Channels
选择媒体和渠道

Gathering Information
收集信息

Organizing the Information
整理信息

Writing Business Messages
撰写商务信息

Adapting to the Audience
适应观众

Composing the Message
撰写消息

Completing Business Messages
完成业务消息

Revising for Clarity and Conciseness
修改清晰简洁

Proofreading the Final Product
校对最终产品

Producing the Message
产生消息

Distributing the Message
分发消息

Defining Your Purpose
定义你的目的

General Purpose
通用型

To Inform
通知

To Persuade
说服

To Collaborate
合作

Specific Purpose
特定目的

What You'll Accomplish
你将完成什么

What Audience Will Do
观众会做什么

What Audience Will Think
观众会怎么想

Analyzing Your Purpose
分析你的目的

Will the Message Change Anything?
该消息会改变什么吗?

Is Your Purpose Realistic?
您的目标现实吗?

Is the Timing of the Message Right?
消息的发送时间对吗?

Will Your Purpose Be Acceptable?
你的目的会被接受吗?

Developing an Audience Profile
建立受众档案

Identify Primary Audience Members
确定主要受众成员

Determine Audience Size and Location
确定观众规模和位置

Determine Composition of the Audience
确定观众的构成

Gauge Their Level of Understanding
衡量他们的理解水平

Check Their Expectations/Preferences
检查他们的期望/偏好

Forecast Their Probable Reaction
预测他们可能的反应

Informal Techniques for Gathering Information
收集信息的非正式技巧

Consider the Audience's Perspective.
考虑观众的观点。

Listen to the Community.
聆听社区的声音。

Read Reports and Company Documents.
阅读报告和公司文件。

Survey Supervisors, Colleagues, Customers.
调查主管、同事、客户。

Ask Your Audience for input.
向您的听众征求意见。

Uncovering Audience Needs
挖掘受众需求

Needs that Are Apparent
明显的需求

Needs that Are Hidden
隐藏的需求

Providing Required Information
提供所需信息

Is the Information Accurate?
信息准确吗?

Is the Information Ethical?
信息是否道德?

Is the Information Pertinent?
是相关信息吗?

The Most Common Medium and Channel Combinations
最常见的媒介和渠道组合

Oral Medium
口服媒介

In-Person Channel
面对面频道

Digital Channel
数字频道

Written Medium
书面媒介

Printed Channel
印刷频道

Digital Channel
数字频道

Visual Medium
视觉媒介

Printed Channel
印刷频道

Digital Channel
数字频道

Visual Medium
视觉媒介

Print Channel
打印频道

Photographs
照片

Diagrams
图表

Charts and Graphs
图表和图表

Digital Channel
数字频道

Infographics
信息图表

Interaction and Animation
交互和动画

Digital Video
数字视频

Challenges of Communication on Mobile Devices
移动设备通信的挑战

Consuming Digital Media
消费数字媒体

Screen Size and Resolution
屏幕尺寸和分辨率

Input Technologies
输入技术

Bandwidth, Speed, Connectivity
带宽、速度、连接性

Data Usage and Operating Costs
数据使用和运营成本

Factors to Consider When Choosing Media and Channels
选择媒体和渠道时要考虑的因素

Media Richness
媒体丰富度

Formality
形式

Media Limitations
媒体限制

Channel Limitations
渠道限制

Message Urgency
留言紧急程度

Cost
成本

Audience Preferences
观众偏好

Security and Privacy
安全和隐私

Effective Organization
有效的组织

Helps Readers
帮助读者

Aids Understanding
帮助理解

Boosts Acceptance
提高接受度

Saves Time
节省时间

Helps Writers
帮助作家

Saves Time
节省时间

Saves Energy
节省能源

Builds Reputation
建立声誉

Defining Your Main idea
定义你的主要想法

Topic? The Overall Subject
话题?总体主题

Main idea? Your Statement About the Topic
大意您关于该主题的陈述

Generating Creative Ideas
产生创意

What's the Main Idea?
主要思想是什么?

Brainstorming
头脑风暴

Journalistic Approach
新闻方法

Questions & Answers
问题与解答

Storyteller's Tour
讲故事的人之旅

Mind Mapping
思维导图

Limiting Your scope
限制你的范围

Main Idea
大意

Information You Present
您提供的信息

Most Compelling and Important Ideas Only
仅限最引人注目和最重要的想法

Overall Length of the Message
消息的总长度

Level of Detail in the Message
消息的详细程度

Outlining Your Content (Basic Structure)
概述您的内容(基本结构)

First major point
第一个要点

A. First subpoint
A. 第一个子点

1. Examples and evidence
1. 例子和证据

2. Examples and evidence
2. 例子和证据

a. Detail
一个。细节

b. Detail
b.细节

B. Second subpoint
B. 第二分点

ll. Second major point
二。第二个要点

A. First subpoint
A. 第一个子点

B. Second subpoint
B. 第二分点

Structuring the Message
构建消息结构

1. Start by Defining the Main Idea
1. 首先定义主要思想

2. Identify Major Supporting Points
2. 确定主要支撑点

3. Provide Examples and Evidence
3.提供例子和证据

Chapter 4 Writing Business Messages
第 4 章 撰写商务消息

Adopting the “You” Attitude
采取“你”的态度

Audience-Centered Approach
以受众为中心的方法

Hopes
希望

Wishes
愿望

Interests
兴趣

Preferences
偏好设置

Maintaining Standards of Etiquette
维持礼仪标准

Respect
尊重

Diplomacy
外交

Tactfulness
机智

Emphasizing the Positive
强调积极的一面

Avoid Negative Language:
避免负面语言:

Focus on ways to improve.
专注于改进的方法。

Emphasize audience benefits.
强调观众的利益。

Use Euphemisms Appropriately:
适当使用委婉语:

Be honest but not harsh.
诚实但不严厉。

Don't hide the facts.
不要隐瞒事实。

Using Bias-Free Language
使用无偏见语言

Avoid Bias
避免偏见

Gender
性别

Age
年龄

Race/Ethnicity
种族/民族

Disability
残疾

Establishing Your Credibility
建立你的信誉

Honesty
诚实

Objectivity
客观性

Awareness of Audience Needs
了解受众需求

Credentials, Knowledge, and Expertise
证书、知识和专业知识

Endorsements
代言

Performance
表现

Sincerity
诚意

Self-Confidence
自信

Projecting Your Company's Image
展现公司形象

Communication Style
沟通方式

Communication Guidelines
沟通指南

Creating a Conversational Tone
营造对话语气

Don't Confuse Texting and Writing
不要混淆发短信和写作

Avoid Stale and Obsolete Language
避免陈旧和过时的语言

Avoid Preaching and Bragging
避免说教和吹牛

Be Careful with Intimacy and Humor
小心亲密和幽默

Using Plain Language
使用简单的语言

Prefer a Simple, Unadorned Style
喜欢简单、朴实的风格

Support the “You" Attitude
支持“你”的态度

Show Respect for the Audience
尊重观众

Boost Productivity and Profitability
提高生产力和盈利能力

Selecting Active Voice or Passive Voice
选择主动语态或被动语态

Dull and indirect (Passive Voice)
沉闷和间接(被动语态)

Legal problems are created by this contract.
本合同产生了法律问题。

The new system was proposed by the project team.
新系统是由项目团队提出的。

Lively and Direct (Active Voice)
活泼直接(主动语态)

This contract creates legal problems,
该合同产生了法律问题,

The project team proposed a new system.
项目团队提出了一个新系统。

Accusatory or Self-Congratulatory (Active Voice)
指责或自我祝贺(主动语态)

You lost the shipment.
您丢失了这批货物。

I recruited seven engineers last month.
上个月我招聘了七名工程师。

More Diplomatic (Passive Voice)
更加外交(被动语态)

The shipment was lost.
货物丢失了。

Seven engineers were recruited last month.
上个月招聘了七名工程师。

Balancing Abstract and Concrete Words
平衡抽象词和具体词

Concrete Words
具体词语

Tangible
有形

Objective
客观的

Abstract Words
抽象词

Concepts
概念

Qualities
品质

Finding Words that Communicate Well
寻找能够很好沟通的词语

Choose Strong, Precise Words
选择有力、准确的词语

Avoid Cliches and Buzzwords
避免陈词滥调和流行语

Choose Familiar Words
选择熟悉的单词

Use Jargon, Carefully
小心使用行话

Choosing from the Four Types of Sentences
从四种句子中选择

Simple
简单的

One Main Clause
一项主要条款

Objects and Phrases
对象和短语

Compound
化合物

Two Main Clauses
两个主要条款

Joined by Conjunction
通过连词连接

Complex
复杂的

One Main Clause
一项主要条款

A Dependent Clause
从属条款

Compound-Complex
复合物

Two Main Clauses
两个主要条款

A Dependent Clause
从属条款

Using Sentence Style to Emphasize Key Thoughts
使用句子风格强调关键思想

Wording Key Ideas
措辞关键思想

Using Extra Words
使用额外的单词

Allocating Extra Space
分配额外空间

Placing Key Ideas
提出关键想法

As Sentence Subjects
作为句子主语

In Dependent Clauses
在从属子句中

Creating the Elements of a Paragraph
创建段落的元素

Topic Sentence
主题句

Introduction
介绍

Summary
概括

Support Sentences
支持句子

Explanation
解释

Clarification
澄清

Justification
理由

Transitions
过渡

Connecting
正在连接

Previewing
预览

Smoothing
平滑

Developing Paragraphs
发展段落

Common Approaches
常见方法

Illustration Pattern
插图图案

Classification Pattern
分类模式

Cause and Effect Pattern
因果模式

Problem and Solution Pattern
问题及解决方案模式

Comparison or Contrast Pattern
比较或对比模式

Making Mobile Messages More Effective
让移动消息更有效

Use a Linear Organization.
使用线性组织。

Prioritize Information.
优先考虑信息。

Write Short, Focused Messages.
撰写简短、重点突出的信息。

Use Shorter Subject Lines and Headings.
使用较短的主题行和标题。

Compose Shorter Paragraphs.
撰写较短的段落。

Chapter 5 Completing Business Messages
第五章 填写业务消息

Evaluating Your Message
评估您的信息

Content
内容

Clear and Accurate
清晰准确

Relevant and Complete
相关且完整

Organization
组织

Order and Emphasis
顺序和强调

Repetition and Grouping
重复和分组

Tone
语气

Is It Too Formal?
太正式了吗?

Is It Too Casual?
是不是太随意了?

Evaluating, Editing, and Revising the Work of Other Writers
评估、编辑和修改其他作家的作品

Promote the Writer's Success
促进作家的成功

Help the Writer Succeed.
帮助作家成功。

Don't Impose Your Own Style or Agenda.
不要强加自己的风格或议程。

Support the Writer's intent
支持作者的意图

Learn What the Writer Wanted to Accomplish.
了解作者想要实现的目标。

Base Suggestions on the Writer's Goals.
根据作者的目标提出建议。

Questions for Evaluating SomeoneElse's Writing
评价别人写作的问题

What Is the Purpose of the Message?
消息的目的是什么

Who Is the Audience?
观众是

What Do They Need?
他们需要什么?

Are There Special Circumstances or Issues?
是否有特殊情况或问题?

Is the Document Well Organized?
文件组织得好吗?

Does the Writing Convey a "You" Attitude?
写作是否传达了“你”的态度?

Is the Tone of the Writing Appropriate?
写作的语气合适吗?

Can the Readability Be Improved?
可读性可以提高吗?

Is the Writing Clear? Can It Be Improved?
字迹清晰吗?可以改进吗?

Is the Writing as Concise as It Should Be?
写作是否应尽可能简洁?

Does the Design Support the Message?
设计是否支持信息?

Keeping Paragraphs Short
保持段落简短

Average 100 Words
平均 100 字

Make Reading Easier
让阅读更轻松

Promote Careful Reading
提倡仔细阅读

Emphasize Key Ideas
强调关键想法

Maintain Clear Flow
保持畅通无阻

Don't Go Overboard
不要太过分

Connect Your Ideas
连接您的想法

Guide with Transitions
过渡指南

Using Lists and Bullets to Clarify and Emphasize
使用列表和项目符号来阐明和强调

Set Off Ideas in a List
在列表中列出想法

Sequence Ideas
序列想法

Heighten Visual Impact
增强视觉冲击力

Surface Key Points
表面关键点

Simplify Complex Subjects
简化复杂的主题

Highlight Main Points
突出要点

Enable Skimming
启用略读

Editing for Clarity
编辑清晰

Break Up Overly Long Sentences.
分解过长的句子。

Rewrite Hedging Sentences
重写回避句子

Impose Parallel Structure
强加并行结构

Correct Dangling Modifiers
正确的悬挂修饰符

Reword Long Noun Sequences
改写长名词序列

Replace Camouflaged Verbs
替换伪装动词

Clarify Sentence Structure
理清句子结构

Clarify Awkward References
澄清尴尬的参考文献

Editing for Conciseness
编辑简洁

Delete Unnecessary Words and Phrases
删除不必要的单词和短语

Replace Long Words and Phrases
替换长单词和短语

Eliminate Redundant Word Combinations
消除多余的单词组合

Recast "It is/There are" Starters
重铸“是/有”首发

Designing for Readability
可读性设计

Design Element
设计元素

Consistency
一致性

Balance
平衡

Detail
细节

Restraints
限制

Readability Issues
可读性问题

White Space
空白

Margins and Justification
边距和理由

Typeface
字体

Designing for Mobile Devices
为移动设备设计

Think in Small Chunks
分小块思考

Use Plenty of White Space
使用大量的空白

Keep the Format Simple
保持格式简单

Experiment with Layouts
尝试布局

Typical Sources of Problems
问题的典型来源

Writing Stage
写作阶段

Design Stage
设计阶段

Layout Stage
布局阶段

Production Process
生产流程

Proofreading Carefully
仔细校对

Make Multiple Passes
进行多次传递

Use Perceptual Tricks
使用感知技巧

Check High-Priority Items
检查高优先级项目

Get Some Distance
保持一定的距离

Stay Focused and Vigilant
保持专注和警惕

Review Complex Documents on Paper
在纸上查看复杂的文档

Don't Rush Proofreading
不要急于校对

Distributing Messages
消息分发

Factors of Distribution
分配因素

Concerns with Cost
对成本的担忧

Overall Convenience
整体便利性

Time Constraints
时间限制

Security and Privacy
安全和隐私

Chapter 6 Crafting Messages for Digital Channels
第 6 章为数字渠道制作消息

Media Choices for Brief Messages
简短消息的媒体选择

Social Networks
社交网络

Email Messages
电子邮件消息

Podcasts
播客

Content-Sharing Sites
内容共享网站

Messaging
消息传递

Blogs & Microblogs
博客和微博

Benefits of Printed Messages
印刷信息的好处

Making a Formal Impression
给人留下正式的印象

Standing Out from Electronic Messages.
从电子消息中脱颖而出。

Obeying Laws Requiring Printed Documents
遵守要求印刷文件的法律

Providing Unchangeable, Secure Records
提供不可更改的安全记录

Reaching Certain Audiences
接触某些受众

Compositional Modes for Digital Media
数字媒体的构图模式

Conversational Elements
对话元素

Comments and Critiques
评论和批评

Orientations and Guidance
方向和指导

Summaries
摘要

Reference Materials
参考资料

Narratives
叙事

Teaser Messages and Links
预告片消息和链接

Announcements and Updates
公告和更新

Tutorials and Advice
教程和建议

Creating Content for Social Media
为社交媒体创建内容

Support How Readers Want to Consume Information
支持读者消费信息的方式

Provide Information Followers Will Share
提供关注者将分享的信息

Start Conversations, Not Sales Pitches
开始对话,而不是推销

Write informally, But Not Carelessly
书写随意,但不可马虎

Use Concise, Informative Headlines
使用简洁、信息丰富的标题

Get involved and Stay Involved
参与并保持参与

Be Transparent and Honest
保持透明和诚实

Think Before You Post a Message
发帖前请三思

Optimizing content for mobile Devices
优化移动设备的内容

Mobile Specific Options
移动特定选项

Location-Aware Content and Services
位置感知内容和服务

Augmented Reality
增强现实

Wearable Technology
可穿戴技术

Blogging and Podcasting
博客和播客

Cloud-Based Services
基于云的服务

Categories of Social Networks
社交网络的类别

Public, General Purpose
公共、通用

Public, Specialized
公共、专业

Private, Internal
私人、内部

Business Communication Uses of Social Networks
社交网络的商务沟通用途

Integrating Company Workforces
整合公司员工

Fostering Collaboration
促进合作

Building Communities Online
在线建立社区

Socializing Brands and Companies
品牌和公司社交化

Understanding Target Markets
了解目标市场

Recruiting Employees and Partners
招聘员工和合作伙伴

Connecting with Sales Prospects
与销售前景建立联系

Supporting Customer Service
支持客户服务

Extending the Organization
扩展组织

Crowd speaking
人群说话

User-Generated Content Sites
用户生成的内容网站

Content That People Want to See and Share
人们想要查看和分享的内容

Content That's Easy to Find, Use, and Share
易于查找、使用和共享的内容

Topical Material
主题材料

Alternative to Newsfeeds
新闻源的替代方案

Power of Community
社区的力量

Power of Shared Expertise
共享专业知识的力量

Community Q&A Sites
社区问答网站

Build Your Personal Brand
打造您的个人品牌

Commit to Customer Service
致力于客户服务

Misinformation
误传

Using Email in the Workplace
在工作场所使用电子邮件

Disadvantages
缺点

Availability of Alternatives
替代方案的可用性

Indiscriminate Use
滥用

Low-Value Messages
低价值消息

Advantages
优点

Universal
普遍的

Accessing Messages
访问消息

Sending Messages
发送消息

Scheduling Messages
安排消息

Planning Email Messages
规划电子邮件消息

Analyzing the Situation
分析情况

Gathering Information
收集信息

Organizing the Message
组织信息

Writing Email
写电子邮件

Business Communication
商务沟通

Expectations for Message Quality
对消息质量的期望

Importance of Subject Lines
主题行的重要性

Importance of Opening words
开头词的重要性

Completing Email Messages
完成电子邮件消息

Revising
修改

Proofreading
校对

Producing
生产

Distributing
分发

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Messaging
消息传递的优点和缺点

Opportunities Involved in Using Messaging:
使用消息传递的机会:

Rapid Response to Urgent Messages
快速响应紧急消息

Lower Cost Than Phone and Email
比电话和电子邮件成本更低

Ability to Mimic Conversations
模仿对话的能力

Available on a Wide Range of Devices
适用于多种设备

Less Misuse as a Broadcasting Method
减少误用作为广播方法

Challenges Involved with Using Messaging.
使用消息传递涉及的挑战。

Speed and Accuracy of User
用户的速度和准确性

Danger of Security Problems
安全问题的危险

More Misinterpretation
更多误解

Guidelines For Successful Messaging
成功消息传递的指南

Planning Instant Messages
规划即时消息

Writing Instant Messages
编写即时消息

Completing Instant Messages
完成即时消息

Using Workplace Messaging Effectively
有效使用工作场所消息传递

Use Instant Messaging Courteously
礼貌地使用即时消息

Use “Away" Status while Working
工作时使用“离开”状态

Be Cautious with Private Information
谨慎对待私人信息

Avoid Sending Personal Messages
避免发送个人消息

Limit Use of Unplanned Meetings
限制计划外会议的使用

Don't Send Long, Complex Messages
不要发送长而复杂的消息

Avoid Multiple IM Conversations
避免多次 IM 对话

Observe All Security Guidelines
遵守所有安全准则

Effective Blogs and Microblogs
有效的博客和微博

Use Personal, Authentic Style
使用个人、真实的风格

Deliver New Information Fast
快速传递新信息

Feature Topics of Peak Interest
最受关注的专题

Encourage Conversations
鼓励对话

Business Applications of Blogging
博客的商业应用

Anchor for Social Media Presence
社交媒体存在的锚

Project Management and Communication
项目管理与沟通

Company News and Updates
公司新闻和更新

Customer Support for Products/Services
产品/服务的客户支持

Public Relations and Media Relations
公共关系和媒体关系

Recruit Potential Employees
招募有潜力的员工

Policy and Issue Discussions
政策和问题讨论

Crisis and Emergency Communication
危机与紧急通信

Market Research and Feedback
市场研究和反馈

Brainstorming Sessions
头脑风暴会议

Employee Engagement
员工敬业度

Customer Education
客户教育

Word-of-Mouth Marketing
口碑营销

Influence on Traditional Media Coverage
对传统媒体报道的影响

Community Building
社区建设

Adapting the Three-Step Process for Successful Blogging
调整成功博客的三步流程

Plan
计划

Audience
观众

Purpose
目的

Scope
范围

Write

Write in a Comfortable, Personal Style
以舒适的个人风格写作

Know Your Subject and Provide Links
了解您的主题并提供链接

Complete
完全的

Evaluate
评价

Proofread
校对

Tag and Post
标签并发布

Microblogging
微博

Microblogs in Business
商业微博

Company Updates
公司动态

Sales Promotions
促销活动

Tips for Product Use
产品使用技巧

Information from Experts
专家信息

Headlines of New Blogs
新博客的头条新闻

Backchannel for Meetings
会议后台通道

Microblogs in Business
商业微博

Real-Time News Source
实时新闻源

Customer Service
客户服务

Crowdsourcing
众包

Retweeting Messages
转发消息

Topics of Interest
感兴趣的话题

Ongoing Conversations
正在进行的对话

Using the Three-Step Process for Podcasting
使用播客的三步流程

Plan
计划

Situation
情况

Information
信息

Organization
组织

Write

Transitions, Previews, and Reviews
过渡、预览和评论

Scripting vs. Improvising
脚本编写与即兴创作

Complete
完全的

Editing
编辑

Recording
记录

Publishing
出版

Resources Required for Podcasting
播客所需的资源

Recording
记录

Audio Recording
录音

Editing Software
编辑软件

Production Quality
生产品质

Distributing
分发

Media Stores
媒体商店

Hosting Services
托管服务

Blog Content
博客内容

Chapter 10 Understanding and Planning Reports and Proposals
第 10 章 理解和规划报告和建议

Analyzing the Situation
分析情况

Compose a Statement of Purpose
撰写目的声明

State Why You're Preparing the Report
说明您准备报告的原因

State What You Plan to Deliver。
说明您计划交付什么。

Prepare a Work Plan for the Project
准备项目工作计划

Identify Project-Related Tasks
确定与项目相关的任务

Establish a Timeline for the Project
制定项目时间表

Gathering Information
收集信息

Planning Your Research
规划你的研究

Statement of Purpose
目的陈述

Audience Needs
观众需求

Information Needs
信息需求

Selecting the Right Combination of Media and Channels
选择正确的媒体和渠道组合

Media Requirements
媒体要求

Document Uses
文件用途

Feedback Preferences
反馈偏好

Media Choice
媒体选择

Planning Your Research
规划你的研究

1. Develop a Problem Statement
1. 制定问题陈述

2. Identify Essential Information
2. 识别重要信息

3. Generate Research Questions
3. 提出研究问题

Avoiding Ethical Lapses
避免道德失误

Keep an Open Mind
保持开放的心态

Respect Privacy and Identity of Participants
尊重参与者的隐私和身份

Document and Credit Sources
文件和信用来源

Respect intellectual Property Rights
尊重知识产权

Don't Distort Information from Sources
不要歪曲来源信息

Don't Misrepresent Your intentions
不要歪曲你的意图

Locating Data and Information
定位数据和信息

Primary Research
初步研究

Books
图书

Magazines
杂志

Newspapers
报纸

Public Websites
公共网站

Secondary Research
二次研究

Surveys
调查

Interviews
采访

Observations
观察结果

Experiments
实验

Evaluating Information Sources
评估信息源

Reputation
名声

Potential Bias
潜在偏差

Purpose
目的

Credibility
信誉度

Methodology
方法论

Verification
确认

Currency and Completeness
流通性和完整性

Logical Scrutiny
逻辑审查

Drawing Conclusions and Making Recommendations
得出结论并提出建议

Conclusions
结论

Interpretation of the Facts in the Report
对报告事实的解释

Recommendations
建议

Suggestions for What to Do About the Facts
关于如何处理事实的建议

Finding Information at a Library
在图书馆查找信息

Newspapers or Periodicals
报纸或期刊

Business Books
商业书籍

Membership Directories
会员目录

Almanacs and Statistics
年鉴和统计

Government Publications
政府刊物

Databases
数据库

Finding Information Online
网上查找信息

Actively Search for Existing Information
积极寻找现有信息

Monitor Selected Sources for New Information
监控选定来源的新信息

Online Search Tools
在线搜索工具

(General-Purpose Search Engines)
(通用搜索引擎)

Opportunities
机会

Scan Millions of Websites
扫描数百万个网站

Search by Keyword
按关键字搜索

Rank the Results
对结果进行排名

Challenges
挑战

No Human Editors
没有人工编辑

Wide Variety of Results
结果多种多样

Can't Reach Deep Internet
无法访问深层互联网

(Improve on General Search Engines)
(改进通用搜索引擎)

Web Directories
网络目录

Human Editors Evaluate and Classify Websites
人类编辑对网站进行评估和分类

Metasearch Engines
元搜索引擎

Format Searches for Web Directories
设置 Web 目录搜索的格式

Multiple Search Engines
多个搜索引擎

Online Databases
在线数据库

Offer Journals, Magazines, and Newspapers
提供期刊、杂志和报纸

Online Monitoring Tools
在线监控工具

Automatically Monitoring Information Sources
自动监控信息源

Subscribing to Newsfeeds
订阅新闻源

Following People on Twitter
在 Twitter 上关注人们

Setting Up Online Alerts
设置在线警报

Using Specialized Monitors
使用专用监视器

Search Tips
搜索技巧

Optimize Searches
优化搜索

Keyword Searches
关键词搜索

Boolean Searches
布尔搜索

Interpret Results Carefully
仔细解释结果

Natural Language Searches
自然语言搜索

Forms-Based Searches
基于表单的搜索

Using Search Tools Effectively
有效使用搜索工具

Think Before You Search
搜索前请三思

Read Instructions; Pay Attention to Details
阅读说明;注重细节

Review Search/Display Options Carefully.
仔细检查搜索/显示选项。

Try a Variety of Search Terms
尝试各种搜索词

Vary the Number of Search Terms
改变搜索词的数量

Look Beyond the First Page of Results
超越第一页结果

Documenting Your Sources
记录您的来源

Give the Author Proper Credit
给予作者适当的信任

Provide Support for the Message.
为消息提供支持。

Help the Audience Learn More
帮助观众了解更多

Conducting Surveys
进行调查

Provide Clear Instructions
提供明确的指示

Ask for Information People Can Remember
询问人们可以记住的信息

Keep Questionnaires Short and Easy to Use
保持问卷简短且易于使用

Formulate Easy-to-Analyze Questions
提出易于分析的问题

Avoid Asking Leading Questions
避免提出引导性问题

Avoid Using Ambiguous Descriptors
避免使用不明确的描述符

Avoid Asking Compound Questions
避免问复合问题

Obtain a Representative Sample
获取代表性样品

Conducting Interviews
进行采访

The Questions You Ask
你问的问题

Open-Ended Style
开放式风格

Closed-Ended Style
封闭式风格

The Way You Ask Questions
你提问的方式

Question Sequence
问题顺序

Potential Answers
潜在的答案

Classifying Informational Reports
分类信息报告

Monitor and Control Operations
监视和控制操作

Demonstrate Compliance
展示合规性

Implement Policies and Procedures
实施政策和程序

Document Progress
记录进度

Organizing Informational Reports
组织信息报告

Topical Organization
专题组织

Comparison
比较

Importance
重要性

Sequence
顺序

Chronology
年表

Geography
地理

Category
类别

Organizing Website Content
组织网站内容

Special Considerations
特别注意事项

Web Readers Are Demanding
网络读者的要求很高

Reading Online Can Be Difficult
在线阅读可能很困难

Medium Is Nonlinear
介质是非线性的

Medium Is Multidimensional
媒介是多维的

Websites Are Multipurpose C
网站是多用途的 C

Information Architecture
信息架构

• Consider a Mobile-First Approach
• 考虑移动优先的方法

• Plan Site Structure and Navigation
• 规划站点结构和导航

• Let Your Readers Be in Control through Links
• 让您的读者通过链接进行控制

• Clear, Simple Language for Titles and Links
• 标题和链接的语言清晰、简单

• Common Website Conventions
• 常见网站约定

• Help Readers Absorb Information
• 帮助读者吸收信息

Planning Analytical Reports
规划分析报告

• Assessing Opportunities
• 评估机会

• Solving Business Problems
• 解决业务问题

• Supporting Decision Making
• 支持决策

Understanding the Challenges of Writing Analytical Reports
了解撰写分析报告的挑战

• More than Delivering Information
• 不仅仅是传递信息

• Compelling, Persuasive Message
• 令人信服、有说服力的信息

• Added Responsibility for Outcomes
• 增加对结果的责任

Focusing on Conclusions
注重结论

Advantages
优点

• Direct Approach
• 直接方法

• Presents Main Idea
• 提出主要想法

Disadvantages
缺点

• Ignores Questions
• 忽略问题

• Potential for Oversimplification
• 可能过于简单化

Focusing on Recommendations
专注于建议

1. Establish the Need for Action
1. 确定行动的必要性

2. Introduce Benefits and Potential Risks
2. 介绍好处和潜在风险

3. List the Steps (Recommendations)
3. 列出步骤(建议)

4. Explain Each Step More Fully
4. 更全面地解释每个步骤

5. Summarize Your Recommendations
5.总结你的建议

Structuring Proposals
构建提案

Solicited Proposal
征集提案

• Expected
• 预期的

• Strict Instructions
• 严格的指示

Unsolicited Proposal
主动提议

• Unexpected
• 意外的

• More Flexibility
• 更灵活

General Categories of Proposals
提案的一般类别

Internal Proposals
内部提案

Request Decisions from Managers in the Organization
请求组织内管理者做出决定

External Proposals
外部提案

Request Decisions from Parties Outside the Organization
请求组织外部各方做出决定

Chapter 11 Writing and Completing Reports and Proposals
第十一章 撰写和完成报告和提案

Adapting to Your Audience
适应你的受众

Using the “You” Attitude
使用“你”的态度

• Formal Situations
• 正式场合

• Informal Situations
• 非正式场合

• Cross-Cultural Situations
• 跨文化情境

Drafting Report Content
起草报告内容

Three Main Sections
三个主要部分

1. The Introduction
一、简介

2. The Body
2. 身体

3. The Closing
3. 结束语

Introduction to a Report
报告简介

• Authorization
• 授权

• Problem/purpose
• 问题/目的

• Scope
• 范围

• Background
• 背景

• Sources and Methods
• 来源和方法

• Definitions
• 定义

• Limitations
• 局限性

• Report organization
• 报告组织

The Body of a Report
报告正文

• Explanation
• 解释

• Facts, Evidence, and Trends
• 事实、证据和趋势

• Analysis of Potential Action
• 潜在行动分析

• Pros and Cons
• 优点和缺点

• Procedures
• 程序

• Methods and Approaches
• 方法和途径

• Criteria
• 标准

• Conclusions and Recommendations
• 结论和建议

• Support
• 支持

The Close of a Report
报告结束

• Summary, Recommendations, Action
• 总结、建议、行动

– When Using the Direct Approach
– 使用直接法时

– When Using the Indirect Approach
– 使用间接方法时

– When Seeking to Motivate Action
– 当寻求激励行动时

Make Your Report Easier to Read
让您的报告更易于阅读

• Using Headings and Subheadings
• 使用标题和副标题

• Employing Transitional Devices
• 采用过渡设备

• Providing Previews and Reviews
• 提供预览和评论

Make Your Reports Easier to Write
让您的报告更容易编写

• Templates
• 模板

• Stylesheets
• 样式表

• Graphics
• 图形

• Spreadsheets
• 电子表格

• Databases
• 数据库

• Media and Channels
• 媒体和渠道

Drafting Proposal Content
起草提案内容

• Use the AIDA plan.
• 使用AIDA 计划。

• Demonstrate your knowledge.
• 展示您的知识。

• Provide examples and information.
• 提供示例和信息。

• Research your competition.
• 研究您的竞争对手。

• Show that your proposal is feasible.
• 表明您的建议是可行的。

• Relate your proposal to reader needs.
• 将您的建议与读者的需求联系起来。

Introduction to a Proposal
提案简介

Problem or Opportunity
问题或机会

• Background Information
• 背景信息

• Problem Statement
• 问题陈述

• Proposed Solution
• 建议的解决方案

• Scope of the Proposal
• 提案的范围

• Proposal Organization
• 提案组织

The Body of a Proposal
提案正文

Proposed Solution and Anticipated Results
建议的解决方案和预期结果

• Facts and Evidence
• 事实和证据

• Proposed Approach
• 提议的方法

• Work Plan Schedule
• 工作计划时间表

• Qualifications Statement
• 资格声明

• Proposed Costs
• 建议成本

The Close of a Proposal
提案结束

Summary and Bottom Line
总结和底线

• Review Your Argument
• 回顾你的论点

• Review Reader Benefits
• 回顾读者的好处

• Review Your Approach
• 回顾你的方法

• Restate Your Qualifications
• 重申您的资格

• Request a Decision
• 请求做出决定

Drafting Website Content
起草网站内容

• Build Trust with the Audience
• 与观众建立信任

• Adapt for a Global Audience
• 适应全球受众

• Create Reader-Oriented Content
• 创建面向读者的内容

Drafting Website Content
起草网站内容

• Use a Concise, Skimmable Format
• 使用简洁、可浏览的格式

• Include Effective, Relevant Links
• 包含有效的相关链接

• Create a “Living” Website
• 创建一个“活的”网站

Collaborating on Wikis
在 Wiki 上协作

• Rethinking Your Authorship Expectations
• 重新思考您对作者身份的期望

• Editing and Improving the Teams Work
• 编辑和改进团队的工作

• Using Templates and Formatting Options
• 使用模板和格式选项

• Using Editing and Commenting Features
• 使用编辑和评论功能

• Taking Advantage of the “Sandbox”
• 利用“沙盒”

Contributing to Wikis
为 Wiki 做出贡献

• Starting a New Wiki
• 开始一个新的Wiki

• Adding Material to a Wiki
• 向 Wiki 添加材料

• Revising Wiki Material
• 修改 Wiki 材料

Understanding Visual Literacy
了解视觉素养

• Consistency
• 一致性

• Contrast
• 对比

• Balance
• 平衡

• Emphasis
• 强调

• Convention
• 习俗

• Simplicity
• 简单

Choosing the Right Visual for the Job
为工作选择正确的视觉效果

• Large Sets of Numeric Values
• 大量数值

• Detailed Textual Information
• 详细的文本信息

• Trends and Relationships in Variables
• 变量的趋势和关系

Preparing Tables
准备表格

• Use Common, Understandable Units
• 使用通用、易于理解的单位

• Put All Items in a Column in the Same Unit
• 将同一列中的所有项目放入同一单位

• Label Column Headings and Subheadings
• 标签列标题和副标题

• Separate Columns/Rows With Lines/Space
• 用线条/空格分隔列/行

• Make Online Tables Readable on Screen
• 使在线表格在屏幕上可读

• Document the Source of Data in a Table
• 在表格中记录数据源

Using Line Charts and Surface Charts
使用折线图和曲面图

• Line Charts
• 折线图

– Trends Over Time
– 随时间变化的趋势

– Relationship of Variables
– 变量的关系

• Surface Charts
• 曲面图

– Cumulative Effect
– 累积效应

– Changes in Composition
– 成分的变化

Using Bar Charts
使用条形图

• Portraying Numbers
• 描绘数字

– Using Height or Length of Bars to Show a Series
– 使用条形的高度或长度来显示系列

of Numbers
数字

• Depicting Relationships
• 描述关系

– Showing and Comparing Quantities Over Time
– 随着时间的推移显示和比较数量

Using Pie Charts
使用饼图

• Illustrate Distribution
• 说明分布

• Highlight Dominance
• 突出主导地位

• Compare Percentages
• 比较百分比

Data Visualization
数据可视化

• Meaning
• 意义

• Complexity
• 复杂性

• Interactivity
• 互动性

• Dynamism
• 活力

Maps, Drawings, Diagrams, Infographics, and Photographs
地图、绘图、图表、信息图表和照片

• Maps
• 地图

– Location, Distance, and Points
– 位置、距离和点

• Drawings and Diagrams
• 图纸和图表

– Business Concepts and Technical Topics
– 商业概念和技术主题

• Infographics
• 信息图表

– Data, Concepts, and Ideas
– 数据、概念和想法

• Photographs
• 照片

– Function, Decoration, and Appearance
– 功能、装饰和外观

Animation and Video
动画和视频

Visual Impact
视觉冲击力

• Production Demonstrations
• 生产演示

• Company Overviews
• 公司概况

• Promotional Presentations
• 促销演示

• Training Seminars
• 培训研讨会

• Branded Channels
• 品牌渠道

Designing Effective Visuals
设计有效的视觉效果

• Style and Quality
• 风格和品质

• Integration with Text Elements
• 与文本元素集成

• Accuracy
• 准确性

• Ethical Implication
• 道德含义

Producing Formal Reports and Proposals
制作正式报告和提案

• Prefatory Elements
• 序言要素

• Supplementary Elements
• 补充要素

• Synopsis or Executive Summary
• 概要或执行摘要

Revising Reports and Proposals
修改报告和提案

• Evaluate Organization, Style, and Tone
• 评估组织、风格和基调

• Improve the Reports Readability
• 提高报告的可读性

• Assemble the Report in Its Final Form
• 整理最终形式的报告

• Review the Final Report Thoroughly
• 彻底审查最终报告

Chapter 12 Developing and Delivering Business Presentations
第 12 章 制定和交付业务演示文稿

The Three-Step Process for Oral and Online Presentations
口头和在线演示的三步流程

1. Plan
1. 计划

– Analyze Situation
– 分析情况

– Gather Information
– 收集信息

– Choose Medium and Channel
– 选择媒介和渠道

– Get Organized
– 组织起来

2. Write
2. 写

– Adapt to the Audience
– 适应受众

– Compose the Message
– 撰写消息

3. Complete
3. 完成

– Revise Message
– 修改消息

– Master Delivery
– 主交付

– Prepare to Speak
– 准备发言

– Overcome Anxiety
– 克服焦虑

Analyzing the Situation
分析情况

• Defining Your Purpose
• 定义你的目的

• Developing an Audience Profile
• 制定受众档案

• Considering the Circumstances
• 考虑具体情况

Selecting the Best Media and Channels
选择最佳媒体和渠道

Controlled Methods
受控方法

• Specific Software
• 特定软件

• Conference Room
• 会议室

• Companys Online Media
• 公司在线媒体

Your Choice of Methods
您选择的方法

• In-Person Presentations
• 现场演示

• Webcasts or Screencasts
• 网络广播或屏幕广播

• Twitter and Web-Based
• Twitter 和基于网络的

Organizing a Presentation
组织演示

The Linear Presentation Approach
线性表示法

• Outlined Like Conventional Messages
• 像传统消息一样概述

• Presenter Follows Point-By-Point Flow
• 演示者遵循逐点流程

The Nonlinear Presentation Approach
非线性表示方法

Doesnt Flow in Any Particular Direction
向任何特定方向流动

• Presenter Moves Within and Between Topics
• 演示者在主题内和主题之间移动

Choosing an Approach and Presentation Software
选择方法和演示软件

• Match the Tool to the Task
• 将工具与任务相匹配

• Focus on the Story, not on Software
• 关注故事,而不是软件

• Rethink Software “Limitations”
• 重新思考软件“局限性”

Defining Your Main Idea
定义你的主要想法

• One-Sentence Summary of What You Want to Share with Your Audience
• 用一句话概括您想与观众分享的内容

– Subject
- 主题

– Purpose
- 目的

– Audience
- 观众

Limiting Your Scope
限制你的范围

• Work Within Time Constraints
• 在时间限制内工作

• Hold Audiences Attention
• 吸引观众的注意力

Choosing Your Approach
选择你的方法

• Shorter Presentations:
• 较短的演示:

– Direct Approach for Routine Information or Good News
– 直接获取日常信息或好消息

– Indirect Approach for Bad News or Persuasion
– 针对坏消息或劝说的间接方法

• Longer Presentations:
• 较长的演示:

– Direct Approach to Motivate or Inform
– 直接激励或告知的方法

– Indirect Approach to Analyze, Persuade, or Collaborate
– 分析、说服或合作的间接方法

Preparing Your Outline
准备你的大纲

• State the Purpose and Main Idea
• 陈述目的和主要思想

• Organize Points and Sub-Points
• 组织点和子点

• Identify Major Points Throughout
• 找出贯穿全文的要点

• Plan Transitions
• 计划过渡

• Prepare Bibliography or Source Notes
• 准备参考书目或来源注释

• Choose a Compelling Title
• 选择一个引人注目的标题

Creating a Speaking Outline
创建演讲大纲

• Simplify the
• 简化

Planning Outline
规划纲要

• Add Delivery Cues
• 添加传递提示

• Condense Points and Transitions
• 凝聚点和过渡

• Arrange Your Notes
• 整理你的笔记

Adapting to the Audience
适应观众

• Small Groups
• 小团体

– Casual Style Conference Room Invite Participation
– 休闲风格会议室邀请参与

• Large Audiences
• 大量观众

– Formal Style Auditorium Limit Participation
– 正式风格礼堂限制参与

Crafting Presentation Content
制作演示内容

• Distinct Elements
• 独特的元素

– The Introduction
– 简介

– The Body
– 身体

– The Close
– 关闭

Presentation Introduction
演讲简介

• Getting the Audiences Attention
• 吸引观众的注意力

• Establishing Your Credibility
• 建立您的信誉

• Previewing Your Presentation
• 预览演示文稿

Presentation Body
演示正文

• Presenting Your Main Points
• 阐述您的要点

• Connecting Your Ideas
• 连接您的想法

• Holding the Audiences Attention
• 吸引观众的注意力

Presentation Close
演示结束

• Restating Your Main Points
• 重申你的要点

• Providing a Clear Wrap-Up
• 提供清晰的总结

• Ending on a Strong Note
• 结尾有力

Using Presentation Slides
使用演示幻灯片

Disadvantages
缺点

• Conception
• 受孕

• Delivery
• 送货

Advantages
优点

• Simplicity
• 简单

• Authenticity
• 真实性

Choosing Structured Slides
选择结构化幻灯片

Advantages
优点

• Fast and Easy Creation
• 快速轻松的创建

• Complex Data and Ideas Standalone Sense
• 复杂的数据和想法独立意义

Disadvantages
缺点

• Text-Heavy Slides
• 文本较多的幻灯片

• Repetitive Appearance
• 重复出现

• Effects on Audience
• 对观众的影响

Choosing Free-Form Slides
选择自由形状的幻灯片

Advantages
优点

• Offer Complementary Information
• 提供补充信息

• Prevent Cognitive Overload
• 防止认知超负荷

• Identify Priorities and Connections
• 确定优先事项和联系

Disadvantages
缺点

• Demanding and Time Consuming
• 要求高且耗时

• Additional Speaker Responsibility
• 额外的演讲者职责

• Hard to Present Complex Subjects
• 难以呈现复杂的主题

Designing Effective Slides
设计有效的幻灯片

Ineffective Slide Design
无效的幻灯片设计

• Lack of Awareness
• 缺乏意识

• Inadequate Training
• 培训不足

• Schedule Pressures
• 日程压力

• Habitual Responses