Tencent 腾讯

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Tencent Holdings Ltd. 腾讯控股有限公司
Native name 原生名
腾讯控股有限公司
Company type 公司类型Public  民众
ISINKYG875721634
Industry 行业Conglomerate  企业集团
Founded 成立11 November 1998; 25 years ago (1998-11-11)
Founders 创始人
Headquarters 总部Tencent Binhai Mansion, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
中国广东省深圳市南山区腾讯滨海大厦
Key people 关键人物
Products 产品
Revenue 收入Decrease CN¥554.552 billion (US$77.99 billion) (2022)[1]
Decrease 5545.52亿元人民币(779.9亿美元)(2022年) [1]
Decrease CN¥235.706 billion (US$33.15 billion) (2022)[1]
Decrease 2,357.06亿元人民币(331.5亿美元)(2022年) [1]
Decrease CN¥188.709 billion (US$26.54 billion) (2022)[1]
Decrease 1,887.09亿元人民币(265.4亿美元)(2022年) [1]
Total assetsDecrease CN¥1.578 trillion (US$221.94 billion) (2022)[1]
Decrease 1.578 万亿元人民币(2,219.4 亿美元)(2022 年) [1]
Total equityDecrease CN¥782.860 billion (US$110.10 billion) (2022)[1]
Decrease 7,828.6 亿元人民币(1,101 亿美元)(2022 年) [1]
Owners 拥有者
Number of employees 在职员工人数
112,771 (2021)[1]
Divisions  部门
Subsidiaries  子公司See § Foreign studio assets for game studios Subsidiaries
请参阅§游戏工作室子公司的外国工作室资产
ASN
  • 132203
Website 网站tencent.com  腾讯网
Tencent 腾讯
"Tencent" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
简体(上)和繁体(下)汉字的“腾讯”
Simplified Chinese  简体中文腾讯
Traditional Chinese  繁体中文騰訊
Tencent Holdings, Ltd. 腾讯控股有限公司
Simplified Chinese  简体中文腾讯控股有限公司
Traditional Chinese  繁体中文騰訊控股有限公司 腾讯控股有限公司

Tencent Holdings Ltd. (Chinese: 腾讯; pinyin: Téngxùn) is a Chinese multinational technology conglomerate and holding company headquartered in Shenzhen. It is one of the highest grossing multimedia companies in the world based on revenue. It is also the world's largest company in the video game industry based on its equity investments, with Tencent Games being the subdivision of Tencent Interactive Entertainment Group (IEG) focused on publishing of games.[4]
腾讯控股有限公司(中文:腾讯;拼音:Téngxùn)是一家中国跨国科技集团和控股公司,总部位于深圳。按收入计算,它是世界上收入最高的多媒体公司之一。按股权投资计算,它也是全球视频游戏行业最大的公司,腾讯游戏是腾讯互动娱乐集团(IEG)专注于游戏发行的子公司。 [4]

Founded in 1998, its subsidiaries globally market various Internet-related services and products, including in entertainment, artificial intelligence, and other technology.[5] Its twin-skyscraper headquarters, Tencent Seafront Towers (also known as Tencent Binhai Mansion) are based in the Nanshan District of Shenzhen.[6]
其子公司成立于 1998 年,在全球销售各种互联网相关服务和产品,包括娱乐、人工智能和其他技术。 [5] 其双摩天大楼总部腾讯滨海大厦(又称腾讯滨海大厦)位于深圳市南山区。 [6]

Tencent is the world's largest video game vendor,[7] as well as one of the largest companies in the world by market capitalization.[8] It is among the largest social media,[9] venture capital, and investment corporations.[10][11] Its services include social networks, music, web portals, e-commerce, mobile games, internet services, payment systems, smartphones, and multiplayer online games.[12] It operates the instant messengers Tencent QQ and WeChat, and QQ.com.[13] It also owns Tencent Music.
腾讯是全球最大的视频游戏供应商 [7] ,也是全球市值最大的公司之一。 [8] 它是最大的社交媒体、 [9] 风险投资和投资公司之一。 [10] [11] 其服务包括社交网络、音乐、门户网站、电子商务、手机游戏、互联网服务、支付系统、智能手机和多人在线游戏。 [12] 它运营即时通讯软件腾讯QQ和微信以及QQ.com。 [13] 它还拥有腾讯音乐。

The company surpassed a market value of US$500 billion in 2018, becoming the first Asian technology company to cross this valuation mark.[14][15][16] It has since then emerged as the most valuable publicly traded company in China, and is the world's tenth most valuable company by market value as of February 2022.[17][18][19][20] In 2015, 2018, and 2020, the company was ranked by the Boston Consulting Group and Fast Company among the 50 most innovative companies worldwide.[21][22][23] Tencent has stakes in over 600 companies,[24] and began focusing on tech start-ups in Asia in 2017.[25] TechCrunch characterized Tencent's investment strategy as letting its portfolio startups operate autonomously.[26] Tencent's valuation approached US$1 trillion in January 2021 before it plummeted.[27] Tencent Holdings was ranked 35th on Forbes Global 2000 2023 list.[28]
该公司2018年市值突破5000亿美元,成为首家突破这一估值大关的亚洲科技公司。 [14] [15] [16] 此后,它成为中国最有价值的上市公司,截至二月份,按市值计算,它是全球第十大最有价值的公司2022年。 [17] [18] [19] [20] 2015年、2018年、2020年公司被波士顿咨询集团和Fast Company排名跻身全球 50 家最具创新力的公司之列。 [21] [22] [23] 腾讯持有超过 600 家公司的股份, [24] 并于 2017 年开始专注于亚洲的科技初创企业。< b11> TechCrunch 将腾讯的投资策略描述为让其投资组合的初创公司自主运营。 [26] 2021年1月,腾讯估值逼近1万亿美元,随后暴跌。 [27] 腾讯控股在福布斯2023年全球企业2000强排行榜上排名第35位。 [28]

History 历史[edit]

1998–2010: Founding and growth
1998-2010:成立和成长
[edit]

Tencent was founded by Pony Ma, Zhang Zhidong, Xu Chenye, Charles Chen and Zeng Liqing in November 1998[29] as Tencent Inc,[30] in the Cayman Islands.[31] The name "Tencent" is based on its Chinese name Tengxun (Chinese: 腾讯), which incorporates part of Pony Ma's Chinese name (Ma Huateng; 马化「腾」) and literally means "galloping fast information".[32][33] Initial funding was provided to it by venture capitalists.[5] In February 1999, Tencent's messenger product OICQ was released.[34] Shortly after, Tencent had the client's name changed to QQ; this was said to be due to a lawsuit threat from ICQ and its owner AOL. The company remained unprofitable for the first three years.[29]
腾讯由马化腾、张志东、徐晨业、陈一丹和曾李青于 1998 年 11 月在开曼群岛 [29] 创立,当时名为腾讯公司 [30][31] “腾讯”这个名字来源于它的中文名“腾讯”,它融合了马化腾中文名的一部分(马化「腾」),字面意思是“信息飞驰” ”。 [32] [33] 初始资金由风险投资家提供。 [5] 1999年2月,腾讯通讯产品OICQ发布。 [34] 不久,腾讯将客户名称改为QQ;据称这是由于 ICQ 及其所有者 AOL 的诉讼威胁所致。该公司前三年一直没有盈利。 [29]

South African media company Naspers purchased a 46.5% share of Tencent in 2001.[35][36] As of 2023, it owns 26.16%[37] through Prosus, which also owns a stake in Tencent's sister companies, such as OLX, VK, Trip.com Group, Delivery Hero, Bykea, Meesho, Stack Overflow, Udemy, Codecademy, Brainly and PayU.[2] Tencent Holding Ltd was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on 16 June 2004,[30] and it was added as a Hang Seng Index Constituent Stock in 2008.[38]
南非媒体公司 Naspers 于 2001 年购买了腾讯 46.5% 的股份。 [35] [36] 截至 2023 年,它通过 Prosus 拥有 26.16% [37] 的股份,Prosus 还拥有持有腾讯姊妹公司的股份,如 OLX、VK、Trip.com Group、Delivery Hero、Bykea、Meesho、Stack Overflow、Udemy、Codecademy、Brainly 和 PayU。 [2] 腾讯控股有限公司于2004年6月16日在香港联交所上市, [30] 并于2008年被纳入恒生指数成分股。 [38]

The company originally derived income solely from advertising and premium users of QQ, who pay monthly fees to receive extras.[29] By 2005, charging for use of QQ mobile, its cellular value-added service, and licensing its penguin character, which could be found on snack food[39] and clothing,[29] had also become income generators.[29] By 2008, Tencent was seeing profit growth from the sale of virtual goods.[40]
该公司最初的收入仅来自广告和 QQ 的付费用户,他们每月支付费用以获得额外费用。 [29] 到2005年,对QQ手机及其蜂窝增值服务的使用进行收费,并授权其企鹅角色,该角色可以在零食 [39] 和服装上找到, [29] 也成为了收入来源。 [29] 到2008年,腾讯的虚拟商品销售利润开始增长。 [40]

While Tencent's services have included online gaming since 2004, around 2007/2008, it rapidly increased its offerings by licensing games.[41] While at least two, Crossfire and Dungeon Fighter Online, were originally produced by South Korean game developers, Tencent now makes its own games.[41] On 21 January 2011, Tencent launched Weixin (微信), a social media app. Now branded as WeChat, the app is one of the "super apps", due to its wide range of functions and platforms, and its over 1 billion monthly active users.[42][43][44][45]
虽然腾讯的服务自 2004 年起就开始提供在线游戏,但在 2007/2008 年左右,它通过游戏授权迅速增加了其产品种类。 [41] 虽然《穿越火线》和《地下城与勇士》等至少两款游戏最初是由韩国游戏开发商制作的,但腾讯现在也制作自己的游戏。 [41] 2011年1月21日,腾讯推出社交媒体应用程序微信。该应用程序现已更名为微信,因其广泛的功能和平台以及超过 10 亿的月活跃用户而成为“超级应用程序”之一。 [42] [43] [44] [45]

2011–2014: Early investments
2011-2014:早期投资
[edit]

On 18 February 2011, Tencent acquired a majority of equity interest (92.78%)[46] in Riot Games, developer of League of Legends, for about US$230 million. Tencent had already held 22.34% of the equity interest out of a previous investment in 2008. On 16 December 2015, Riot Games sold its remaining equity to Tencent.[47][48] Tencent acquired a minority stake in Epic Games, developer of franchises like Fortnite, Unreal, Gears of War and Infinity Blade, in June 2012.[49] That year, Tencent acquired ZAM Network, parent of Wowhead and other websites, from Brock Pierce.[50]
2011年2月18日,腾讯以约2.3亿美元收购英雄联盟开发商Riot Games的多数股权(92.78%) [46] 。腾讯在2008年的投资中已持有22.34%的股权。2015年12月16日,Riot Games将剩余股权出售给腾讯。 [47] [48] 2012 年 6 月,腾讯收购了 Epic Games 的少数股权,该公司是《堡垒之夜》、《虚幻》、《战争机器》和《无尽之剑》等系列游戏的开发商。 [49] 同年,腾讯从 Brock Pierce 手中收购了 Wowhead 等网站的母公司 ZAM Network。 [50]

Tencent in 2013 increased its stake in Kingsoft Network Technology, a subsidiary of Kingsoft Corporation, to 18%. Tencent previously had a 15.68% stake in the company and raised the stake through a US$46.98 million investment.[51] Tencent took part in Activision Blizzard splitting from Vivendi as a passive investor in 2013[52][53] and now owns less than 4.9% of the shares as of 2017.[54] On 17 September 2013, it was announced that Tencent had invested $448 million for a minority share in Chinese search engine Sogou.com, the subsidiary of Sohu, Inc.[55]
2013年,腾讯增持金山公司旗下子公司金山网络科技的股份至18%。腾讯此前持有该公司15.68%的股份,并通过投资4698万美元增持股份。 [51] 2013年,腾讯作为被动投资者参与了动视暴雪与维旺迪的分拆 [52] [53] ,截至2017年,腾讯持有的股份不足4.9%。 [54] 2013年9月17日,腾讯宣布投资4.48亿美元,收购搜狐公司子公司中国搜索引擎搜狗网的少数股权。 [55]

On 15 January 2014, Tencent said it would invest HKD 1.5 billion (US$193.45 million) in logistics and warehouse firm China South City Holdings Ltd to develop its e-commerce and logistics business.[56] On 27 February 2014, Tencent purchased a 20-per cent stake in restaurant ratings and group-buying website Dianping for $400 million.[57] On 10 March 2014, Tencent bought a 15 per cent stake in Chinese e-commerce website JD.com Inc. by paying cash and handing over its e-commerce businesses Paipai, QQ Wanggou and a stake in Yixun to JD.com to build a stronger competitor to Alibaba Group.[58]
2014年1月15日,腾讯表示将向物流和仓储公司华南城控股有限公司投资15亿港元(1.9345亿美元),以发展其电子商务和物流业务。 [56] 2014年2月27日,腾讯以4亿美元收购了餐厅评级和团购网站大众点评20%的股份。 [57] 2014年3月10日,腾讯以现金方式收购中国电子商务网站京东公司15%的股权,并转让其电子商务业务拍拍、QQ网购以及易迅网的股权京东打造阿里巴巴集团更强大的竞争对手。 [58]

On 22 May 2014, JD.com got listed on NASDAQ and Tencent expanded its stake in the company to 17.43% on a fully diluted basis by investing an additional US$1,325 million.[59] On 27 March 2014, it was announced that Tencent had agreed to pay about $500 million for a 28 per cent stake in South Korea's CJ Games.[60] On 27 June 2014, Tencent announced that it had agreed to buy a 19.9 per cent stake in Chinese e-commerce website 58.com (WUBA) Inc. for $736 million.[61] On 17 April 2015, Tencent announced it bought an additional $400 million worth of shares, rising its stake in the company to about 25%.[62] On 16 October 2014, via its wholly held subsidiary Hongze Lake Investment Ltd, Tencent announced that it had bought a 7% stake in lottery technology firm China LotSynergy Holdings Ltd for HKD 445.5 million (US$57.4 million).[63]
2014年5月22日,京东在纳斯达克上市,腾讯增资13.25亿美元,将其持股比例扩大至全面稀释后的17.43%。 [59] 2014年3月27日,腾讯宣布同意支付约5亿美元收购韩国CJ Games 28%的股份。 [60] 2014年6月27日,腾讯宣布同意以7.36亿美元收购中国电子商务网站58同城(WUBA)公司19.9%的股份。 [61] 2015年4月17日,腾讯宣布增持价值4亿美元的股份,将其在该公司的持股比例增至约25%。 [62] 2014年10月16日,腾讯通过其全资子公司洪泽湖投资有限公司宣布,以4.455亿港元(5740万美元)收购彩票技术公司华彩控股有限公司7%的股权。 [63]

On 23 October 2014, Tencent pitched in $145 million for a 10 per cent stake in Koudai Gouwu, a Chinese mobile shopping portal.[64] In November 2014, the company announced a deal with HBO which would give it exclusive rights for distribution in China.[65] On 9 December 2014, Chinese taxi-hailing app Didi Dache announced that it had raised more than $700 million in a funding round led by Tencent and Singaporean state investment firm Temasek Holdings.[66]
2014年10月23日,腾讯斥资1.45亿美元收购中国移动购物门户网站口代购屋10%的股份。 [64] 2014 年 11 月,该公司宣布与 HBO 达成协议,获得在中国的独家发行权。 [65] 2014 年 12 月 9 日,中国打车应用滴滴打车宣布在腾讯和新加坡国有投资公司淡马锡控股领投的一轮融资中筹集了超过 7 亿美元的资金。 [66]

2015–2020: Continued investments
2015-2020:持续投资
[edit]

BYD, one of the chief corporate sponsors for Tencent
比亚迪,腾讯的主要企业赞助商之一
Tencent Beijing office, completed in the late 2010s
腾讯北京办事处,2010年代末落成

In January 2015, Tencent launched WeBank (China), China's first online-only bank.[67] On 30 January 2015, Tencent announced that it had signed a US$700 million deal with the National Basketball Association to stream American basketball games in China.[68] Later that year, Chinese automaker BYD became the chief corporate sponsor for Tencent's NBA broadcasts.[69] On 21 June 2016 Tencent announced a deal to acquire 84.3% of Supercell, developer of Clash of Clans, with US$8.6 billion.[70] In July 2016, Tencent acquired a majority stake in China Music Corporation.[71]
2015年1月,腾讯推出中国首家网上银行微众银行(中国)。 [67] 2015年1月30日,腾讯宣布与美国国家篮球协会签署价值7亿美元的协议,在中国转播美国篮球比赛。 [68] 同年晚些时候,中国汽车制造商比亚迪成为腾讯 NBA 转播的首席企业赞助商。 [69] 2016年6月21日,腾讯宣布以86亿美元收购《部落冲突》开发商Supercell 84.3%的股权。 [70] 2016年7月,腾讯收购华夏音乐集团多数股权。 [71]

Private enterprises in China are required to have an in-firm committee or branch of the Communist Party if three or more Party members are among their employees.[72]: 227  In 2016, Tencent's Party branch was recognized as one of the one hundred best such branches in the country.[72]: 230  It provides communications and education platforms including a Party activity hall, WeChat channel, and an intranet for Party members where they can takes classes related to the governance of China and Party policies.[72]: 230  The Tencent Party Member Activity Center has a dedicated party member activity area of more than 6,000 square meters. More than 1 million yuan is allocated for Party activities per year.[73]
中国的私营企业如果有三名或三名以上党员,则必须有一个党委或党支部。 [72] : 227  2016年,腾讯党支部被评为全国百佳党支部之一。 [72] : 230  为党员提供党员活动堂、微信频道、内网等交流教育平台,让党员学习治国理政、党的政策等相关课程。 [72] : 230  腾讯党员活动中心拥有专用党员活动面积6000多平方米。每年用于党的活动经费超过100万元。 [73]

In 2016, Tencent, together with Foxconn and luxury-car dealer Harmony New Energy Auto founded Future Mobility, a car startup (now defunct) that aimed to sell all-electric fully autonomous premium cars.[74] On 28 March 2017, Tesla, Inc. announced Tencent had purchased a 5% stake in Tesla for US$1.78 billion, the automotive control systems of which it subsequently successfully performed penetration-testing until 2019.[18][75]
2016年,腾讯与富士康和豪华汽车经销商和谐新能源汽车共同创立了Future Mobility,这是一家汽车初创公司(现已停业),旨在销售全电动全自动高档汽车。 [74] 2017年3月28日,特斯拉公司宣布腾讯以17.8亿美元收购特斯拉5%的股份,并成功对其汽车控制系统进行渗透测试至2019年。 [18] [75]

In a "direct challenge to Chinese search engine Baidu," in May 2017, Tencent entered news feed and search functions for its WeChat app, which the Financial Times reported was used by 770 million people at the time.[76]
2017 年 5 月,腾讯在“对中国搜索引擎百度的直接挑战”中为其微信应用程序引入了新闻推送和搜索功能,据英国《金融时报》报道,该应用程序当时有 7.7 亿人使用。 [76]

In May 2017, Tencent surpassed Wells Fargo to enter the world's top 10 most valuable companies.[77][78][79] Tencent has also entered an agreement with the Wuhu City Council to build the world's first eSports town in the city, which comprises an eSports theme park, eSports university, a cultural and creative park, an animation industrial park, creative block, tech entrepreneurial community and Tencent Cloud's data center. The site will be used for the education and accommodation of future eSports players, as well as hosting national eSports events and serving as a hub for Tencent's game development. Aside from Wuhu, another eSports theme park is planned in Chengdu.[80][81]
2017年5月,腾讯超越富国银行进入全球最具价值公司前10名。 [77] [78] [79] 腾讯还与芜湖市议会达成协议,在该市建设全球首个电竞小镇,包括电竞主题公园、电竞大学、文创园、动漫产业园、创意街区、科技创业社区、腾讯云数据中心。该网站将用于未来电子竞技运动员的教育和住宿,以及举办全国性电子竞技赛事并作为腾讯游戏开发的中心。除芜湖外,成都还计划建设另一个电竞主题公园。 [80] [81]

In June 2017, Tencent became the 8th most valuable company in BrandZ's Top 100 Most Valuable Global Brands, signalling its growing influence globally as well as the rise of Chinese brands.[82][83][84] Alibaba overtook Tencent as Asia's most valuable company as its stocks surged after the company hosted its 2017 Investor's day.[85] The company has also developed its own voice assistant Xiaowei, and was in the midst of discussion to acquire Rovio Entertainment, the developer of Angry Birds.[86][87] At the same time, Tencent introduced its mini-programs feature that allows smartphone users to access mobile apps across the globe on WeChat without downloading them.[88]
2017年6月,腾讯在BrandZ全球最具价值品牌100强中排名第八,标志着腾讯的全球影响力不断增强,也标志着中国品牌的崛起。 [82] [83] [84] 阿里巴巴在举办 2017 年投资者日后,股价飙升,超越腾讯,成为亚洲市值最高的公司。 [85] 该公司还开发了自己的语音助手小威,并正在讨论收购《愤怒的小鸟》开发商Rovio Entertainment。 [86] [87] 与此同时,腾讯推出了小程序功能,允许智能手机用户无需下载即可通过微信访问全球移动应用程序。 [88]

In July 2017, Tencent bought a 9% share in Frontier Developments,[89] the creator of the Elite: Dangerous and Planet Coaster franchises; as well as developer for Rollercoaster Tycoon 2 & 3.[90] In August 2017, after Tencent announced the second quarter 2016 financial report, the stock price rose by 6.2% in the Hong Kong stock market, and the market value reached US$429 billion.[91] Tencent became the second Asian company after Alibaba Group to surpass US$400 billion market cap.[92] Tencent has also created an alliance to its own AI self-driving program, similar to Baidu's Apollo Project, recruiting numerous industry players in the automotive industry.[93][94] It is also collaborating with L'Oréal, the world's largest cosmetics company, to explore digital marketing under the Joint Business Partnership (JBP) agreement.[95]
2017年7月,腾讯收购了Frontier Developments 9%的股份,该公司是《精英:危险》和《过山车之星》系列游戏的开发商。以及过山车大亨2、3的开发商。 [90] 2017年8月,腾讯公布2016年第二季度财报后,香港股市股价上涨6.2%,市值也随之上涨。达到4290亿美元。 [91] 腾讯成为继阿里巴巴集团之后第二家市值突破 4000 亿美元的亚洲公司。 [92] 腾讯还成立了自己的人工智能自动驾驶计划联盟,类似于百度的阿波罗计划,招募了众多汽车行业的业内人士。 [93] [94] 它还与全球最大的化妆品公司欧莱雅合作,根据联合业务合作伙伴关系(JBP)协议探索数字营销。 [95]

According to a report by Sina Tech in October 2017, Tencent employed over 7,000 members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and that CCP members took a leading role in the development of WeChat. "With over 7,000 CCP members, accounting for approximately 23% of the total workforce, and more than 60% of whom are core technical personnel, the number of CCP members at Tencent is increasing by nearly a thousand every year. In Tencent, a leading internet company, CCP members are becoming the main driving force in shaping the company's development direction."[96]
据新浪科技2017年10月报道,腾讯雇佣了7000多名中共党员,中共党员在微信的发展中发挥了主导作用。 “腾讯现有中共党员7000余人,约占员工总数的23%,其中核心技术人员占比超过60%,每年以近千人的速度增长。在腾讯,在互联网公司中,中共党员正在成为塑造公司发展方向的主要推动力。” [96]

In November 2017, Tencent revealed that it had purchased a 12% stake in Snap Inc. in the open market, with plans to help establish Snapchat as a gaming platform.[97][98][99] Tencent remained the largest video game publisher in the world by revenue, and had a market capitalisation of around $475 billion. In the same month, Tencent announced that WeChat reached 980 million monthly active users,[100] and said to be earmarking billions of dollars to amass a catalogue of user-generated content, in competition with YouTube.[101] The company became the first Asian company to cross US$500 billion valuation, surpassing Facebook to enter the top 5 list of the world's biggest firms.[14][15][16][17][102][103][104][105]
2017年11月,腾讯透露已在公开市场购买了Snap Inc. 12%的股份,计划帮助Snapchat建立游戏平台。 [97] [98] [99] 按收入计算,腾讯仍然是全球最大的视频游戏发行商,市值约为 4750 亿美元。同月,腾讯宣布微信每月活跃用户达到 9.8 亿, [100] ,并表示将拨出数十亿美元来积累用户生成的内容,与 YouTube 竞争。 [101] 该公司成为第一家估值突破 5000 亿美元的亚洲公司,超越 Facebook 进入全球最大公司前 5 名。 [14] [15] [16] [17] [102] [103] [104] < b12>

In January 2018, Tencent and The Lego Group, the world's largest toy company, teamed up to jointly develop online games and potentially a social network aimed at children.[106][107] It also launched its first unmanned shop in Shanghai.[108] Tencent led a US$5.2 billion investment in Wanda Commercial,[109] together with JD.com, Sunac and Suning Group, to acquire shares in the conglomerate. Wanda Commercial was renamed Wanda Commercial Management Group.[110] Tencent bought a 5% to 10% minority stake in Skydance Media.[111][112] On 23 January 2018, Tencent and Carrefour reached strategic co-operation agreement in China.[113][114][115]
2018年1月,腾讯与全球最大的玩具公司乐高集团联手,共同开发网络游戏和潜在的针对儿童的社交网络。 [106] [107] 还在上海推出了首家无人店。 [108] 腾讯领投万达商业52亿美元, [109] 联合京东、融创和苏宁集团收购万达商业股份。万达商业更名为万达商业管理集团。 [110] 腾讯收购了Skydance Media 5%至10%的少数股权。 [111] [112] 2018年1月23日,腾讯与家乐福在中国达成战略合作协议。 [113] [114] [115]

On 15 August 2018, Tencent reported a profit decline in the second quarter of 2018, ending a growth streak of more than a decade, as investment gains slid and the government's scrutiny of the gaming business weighed on the company.[116] Shares of Tencent fell 3% in morning trade in Hong Kong after the rare drop in quarterly profit was reported, extending a slide that has wiped nearly $50 billion in market value from the company in that week.[117] The sell-off dragged down many other Chinese internet stocks as well.[117] On 6 September 2018, Luckin Coffee signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Tencent.[118][119]
2018年8月15日,腾讯公布2018年第二季度利润下滑,结束了十多年来的连续增长,原因是投资收益下滑以及政府对游戏业务的审查给该公司带来压力。 [116] 在报道了罕见的季度利润下降后,腾讯股价在香港早盘交易中下跌 3%,延续了该公司当周市值蒸发近 500 亿美元的跌势。 [117] 这次抛售也拖累了许多其他中国互联网股票。 [117] 2018年9月6日,瑞幸咖啡与腾讯签署战略合作协议。 [118] [119]

In October 2019, Tencent began sending out refunds to customers after cancelling the broadcast of NBA games in response to the Houston Rockets general manager Daryl Morey's social media comments in support of protests in Hong Kong.[120]
2019年10月,为回应休斯敦火箭队总经理达里尔·莫雷在社交媒体上发表支持香港抗议活动的言论,腾讯取消了NBA比赛的转播,并开始向客户退款。 [120]

In May 2020, Tencent purchased the rights to create System Shock 3 and any further sequels from OtherSide Entertainment.[121] On 29 June 2020, Tencent acquired the video-on-demand service iflix in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[122] In September 2020, Tencent picked Singapore as its hub in Asia, joining rivals ByteDance and Alibaba in the race to reinforce their presence closer to home after complications in India and the United States.[123][124] Lazy Audio was acquired from Shenzhen Lanren Online Technology Co for 2.7 billion yuan in January 2021.[125]
2020年5月,腾讯从OtherSide Entertainment购买了《网络奇兵3》及任何后续续作的制作权。 [121] 2020年6月29日,腾讯收购马来西亚吉隆坡视频点播服务iflix。 [122] 2020 年 9 月,腾讯选择新加坡作为其亚洲中心,加入竞争对手字节跳动和阿里巴巴的行列,在印度和美国陷入困境后,加强其在离本土更近的影响力。 [123] [124] Lazy Audio于2021年1月以27亿元人民币从深圳市懒人在线科技有限公司收购。 [125]

2021–present: Regulatory scrutiny
2021 年至今:监管审查
[edit]

In July 2021, China's antitrust regulator formally blocked Tencent's plan to merge China's top two video game streaming sites, Huya Live and DouYu, after it had failed to come up with sufficient remedies to meet the SAMR's requirements on giving up exclusive rights. This comes after the company recently withdrew the merger application for antitrust review and refiled it after SAMR told the company it could not complete the review of the merger within 180 days since its first filing. Tencent's plan to take search engine Sogou private was approved by the SAMR.[126] Tencent later announced too its intention to take DouYu private, in part due to the unsuccessful merger, but also due to lacklustre business performance and disagreements over strategy among company executives. Tencent is currently the largest stakeholder in DouYu with a 37% stake.[127][128] On 17 December 2021, Tencent announced it had acquired Slamfire Inc. and its subsidiary Turtle Rock Studios, the developer behind Left 4 Dead and Back 4 Blood.[129]
2021 年 7 月,中国反垄断监管机构正式阻止了腾讯合并中国两大视频游戏流媒体网站虎牙直播和斗鱼的计划,原因是腾讯未能拿出足够的补救措施来满足国家市场监督管理总局关于放弃专有权的要求。此前,国家市场监督管理总局告知该公司无法在首次提交申请后 180 天内完成对合并的审查,该公司最近撤回了合并反垄断审查申请并重新提交了申请。腾讯私有化搜索引擎搜狗的计划已获得国家市场监管总局批准。 [126] 腾讯后来也宣布有意将斗鱼私有化,部分原因是合并不成功,但也因为业务表现不佳以及公司高管之间在战略上存在分歧。腾讯目前是斗鱼的第一大股东,持股37%。 [127] [128] 2021 年 12 月 17 日,腾讯宣布收购 Slamfire Inc. 及其子公司 Turtle Rock Studios,后者是《Left 4 Dead》和《Back 4 Blood》的开发商。 [129]

In January 2022, reports emerged that Tencent was one of the major tech conglomerates to receive a fine from the SAMR for failing to report their merger and acquisition (M&A) deals in advance. According to China's antitrust law, official approval is required before the completion of a M&A deal if the combined annual revenue of all entities involved is at least RMB 10 billion (US$1.57 billion), and at least two entities have at least RMB 400 million (US$62.7 million) in annual revenue. Of the 13 deals cited in total by the SAMR, each carried a fine of RMB 500,000 (US$78,700) and Tencent received a total fine of RMB 4.5 million (US$710,000) for its involvement in nine deals.[130]
2022 年 1 月,有报道称,腾讯是因未提前报告并购交易而受到国家市场监管总局罚款的大型科技集团之一。根据中国反垄断法,如果所有涉及实体的年收入合计至少为100亿元人民币(15.7亿美元),并且至少两个实体的年收入至少为4亿元人民币(年收入 6270 万美元。在国家市场监督管理总局总共列举的 13 起交易中,每起交易均被处以 50 万元人民币(78,700 美元)的罚款,而腾讯则因参与 9 起交易而受到总计 450 万元人民币(710,000 美元)的罚款。 [130]

On 11 January 2022, it was announced that Tencent was in talks to acquire Xiaomi-backed Black Shark, one of the largest gaming smartphone makers in China. The acquisition would have been Tencent's first in a hardware maker and would have overseen Black Shark's transition into a manufacturer of VR headsets to support Tencent's plans for its metaverse business in the future. Reports initially suggested that Black Shark would be acquired for RMB 2.7 billion (US$420 million), although Tencent walked away from the deal due to regulatory scrutiny of metaverse businesses in China.[131][132]
2022 年 1 月 11 日,有消息称,腾讯正在洽谈收购小米支持的黑鲨游戏手机,黑鲨游戏手机是中国最大的游戏智能手机制造商之一。此次收购将是腾讯首次收购硬件制造商,并将帮助黑鲨转型为 VR 耳机制造商,以支持腾讯未来的虚拟现实业务计划。最初有报道称黑鲨将以 27 亿元人民币(4.2 亿美元)的价格被收购,但由于中国虚拟宇宙业务的监管审查,腾讯放弃了该交易。 [131] [132]

In June 2022, Tencent posted its slowest revenue gain since going public in 2004, partly caused by a 15% decrease in advertising revenue. The decline was attributed to the pandemic and tighter regulations imposed by the Chinese government.[133] In September 2022, Tencent acquired a 49.9% stake and 5% voting rights in Guillemot Brothers Limited, Ubisoft's parent company.[134][135] On 16 September 2022, Tencent took a minority stake in Mordhau studio Triternion.[136]
2022年6月,腾讯公布了自2004年上市以来最慢的收入增长,部分原因是广告收入下降了15%。下降归因于大流行和中国政府实施的更严格的监管。 [133] 2022年9月,腾讯收购育碧母公司Guillemot Brothers Limited 49.9%的股权和5%的投票权。 [134] [135] 2022 年 9 月 16 日,腾讯收购 Mordhau 工作室 Triternion 的少数股权。 [136]

In November 2022, Tencent announced that it would divest the majority of its US$20.3 billion stake in Meituan through a dividend distribution to shareholders, in part due to China's earlier regulatory crackdown on tech giants.[137] In January 2023, OpenSecrets reported that Tencent spent over $6.3 million lobbying the U.S. federal government after coming under greater regulatory scrutiny in 2020.[138]
2022年11月,腾讯宣布将通过向股东派息的方式剥离其持有的美团203亿美元股份的大部分,部分原因是中国早些时候对科技巨头的监管打压。 [137] 2023 年 1 月,OpenSecrets 报道称,腾讯在 2020 年受到更严格的监管审查后,花费了超过 630 万美元游说美国联邦政府。 [138]

Majority owned subsidiary China Literature acquired Tencent Animation and Comics in December 2023.[139]
控股子公司阅文集团于 2023 年 12 月收购腾讯动漫。 [139]

On December 22, 2023, the Chinese government's regulations to curb online gaming cost Tencent $46 Billion in Market Capitalisation.[140] Later, on the 27th of December, 2023, the first of trading after the Chinese government vowed to make improvements to the proposed gaming rules, the firm's stock rose by 5%.[141]
2023 年 12 月 22 日,中国政府遏制网络游戏的法规导致腾讯市值损失 460 亿美元。 [140] 随后,2023年12月27日,即中国政府承诺改进拟议的博彩规则后的第一次交易,该公司的股价上涨了5%。 [141]

Also in December 2023, Tencent accelerated the pace of buybacks, increasing the pace of daily purchases to about HK$1 billion (with an average of HK$375 million per day) and made a record HK$10 billion (S$1.7 billion) share purchase.[142]
同样是在2023年12月,腾讯加快了回购步伐,将每日购买步伐提高至约10亿港元(平均每天3.75亿港元),并购买了创纪录的100亿港元(17亿新元)股票。 [142]

Products and services 产品与服务[edit]

Social media 社交媒体[edit]

Launched in February 1999,[143] Tencent QQ is Tencent's first and most notable product, QQ is one of the most popular instant messaging platforms in its home market.[144] As of 31 December 2010, there were 647.6 million active Tencent QQ IM user accounts,[1] making Tencent QQ the world's largest online community at the time. The number of QQ accounts connected simultaneously has, at times, exceeded 100 million.[145] While the IM service itself is free, a fee was being charged for mobile messaging as of 2006.[146] Tencent also created QQ International, which is an English version of QQ that allows communication with mainland accounts; QQi is available for Windows and macOS.[147] In 2005, Tencent launched Qzone, a social networking/blogging service integrated within QQ. Qzone has become one of the largest social networking services in China, with a user base of 645 million in 2014.[31][148]
[143] 腾讯QQ于1999年2月推出,是腾讯的第一个也是最引人注目的产品,QQ是其国内市场上最受欢迎的即时通讯平台之一。 [144] 截至2010年12月31日,腾讯QQ即时通讯活跃用户账户数为6.476亿, [1] 使腾讯QQ成为当时全球最大的在线社区。 QQ同时连接数有时甚至超过1亿。 [145] 虽然 IM 服务本身是免费的,但从 2006 年开始,移动消息是收费的。 [146] 腾讯还创建了 QQ 国际版,这是 QQ 的英文版,可以进行交流有大陆账户; QQi 适用于 Windows 和 macOS。 [147] 2005年,腾讯推出了QQ空间,这是一项集成在QQ中的社交网络/博客服务。 QQ空间已成为中国最大的社交网络服务之一,2014年拥有6.45亿用户。 [31] [148]

On 10 April 2010, Tencent launched Tencent Weibo, a microblogging service.[149]
2010年4月10日,腾讯推出微博服务腾讯微博。 [149]

WeChat is a mobile app with voice- and text messaging and a timeline.[150] It is the most popular social mobile application in China and some overseas Chinese communities, for instance, Malaysia. As of 2017, WeChat has been unsuccessful in penetrating major international markets outside of China.[151]
微信是一款具有语音和短信功能以及时间轴的移动应用程序。 [150] 它是中国和一些海外华人社区(例如马来西亚)最受欢迎的社交移动应用程序。截至2017年,微信在渗透中国以外的主要国际市场方面尚未成功。 [151]

Entertainment 娱乐[edit]

Video games 视频游戏[edit]

Riot Games is one of Tencent's notable subsidiaries, known for creating the multiplayer online battle arena game League of Legends. It is one of the first game developers to receive investment from Tencent.
Riot Games 是腾讯著名的子公司之一,以开发多人在线战斗竞技场游戏《英雄联盟》而闻名。是最早获得腾讯投资的游戏开发商之一。

Tencent publishes video games via its Tencent Games division of Tencent Interactive Entertainment. It has five internal studio groups under it: TiMi Studio Group, LightSpeed Studios, Aurora Studio Group, Morefun Studio and Next Studio.[152][153][154][155][156]
腾讯通过腾讯互动娱乐旗下的腾讯游戏部门发行视频游戏。旗下有五个内部工作室组:TiMi Studio Group、LightSpeed Studios、Aurora Studio Group、Morefun Studio 和 Next Studio。 [152] [153] [154] [155] [156]

Outside of companies subsidiary of its game division, Tencent as a whole has many major and minor investments in domestic and, since the 2010s, foreign game companies.
除了游戏部门的子公司之外,腾讯作为一个整体,对国内以及自 2010 年代以来的国外游戏公司进行了许多重大和小型投资。

Foreign studio assets 国外工作室资产[edit]
Company  公司 Location  地点 First investment date  首次投资日期 As of date  截至日期 Ownership stake  股权 Ref(s). 参考文献。
Funcom  芬康 Norway  挪威 September 2019 2019年9月 January 2020 2020年1月 Wholly-owned  全资 [157][158]
Leyou (Athlon Games, Digital Extremes, Splash Damage)
乐游(Athlon Games、Digital Extremes、Splash Damage)
Hong Kong  香港 December 2020 2020年12月 [159][160]
Riot Games 防暴游戏 United States  美国 September 2009 2009年9月 December 2015 2015年12月 [161]
Sharkmob  鲨鱼怪 Sweden  瑞典 March 2019 2019年3月 [162]
Sumo Group  相扑集团 United Kingdom  英国 November 2019 2019年11月 January 2022 2022 年 1 月 [163][164]
Visual Arts (Key, KineticNovel)
视觉艺术(Key、KineticNovel)
Japan  日本 July 2023  2023 年 7 月 Majority  多数 [165]
Turtle Rock Studios
龟岩工作室
United States  美国 December 2021 2021 年 12 月 [129]
Wake Up Interactive (Soleil, Valhalla Game Studios)
Wake Up Interactive(Soleil、Valhalla Game Studios)
Hong Kong  香港 November 2021 2021 年 11 月 [166]
Inflexion Games  屈折游戏 Canada  加拿大 February 2022 2022 年 2 月 [167]
Fulqrum Publishing  富尔克鲁姆出版社 Poland  波兰 February 2022 2022 年 2 月 [168]
Techland  科技园 Poland  波兰 24 July 2023  2023 年 7 月 24 日 [169]
Tequila Works  龙舌兰酒厂 Spain  西班牙 March 2022 2022 年 3 月 [170]
Klei Entertainment  克莱娱乐 Canada  加拿大 January 2021 2021 年 1 月 [171]
10 Chambers Collective  10 钱伯斯集体 Sweden  瑞典 October 2020 2020年10月 [172]
Yager Development  雅格发展 Germany  德国 February 2020 2020年2月 June 2021 2021 年 6 月 [173][174]
Fatshark  肥鲨 Sweden  瑞典 January 2019 2019年1月 January 2021 2021 年 1 月 [175][176]
Miniclip  迷你夹 Switzerland  瑞士 February 2015 2015年2月 [177]
Supercell  超级细胞 Finland  芬兰 June 2016 2016年6月 84% [178]
Grinding Gear Games
磨具游戏
New Zealand  新西兰 May 2018 2018年5月 80% [179][180][181]
Don't Nod  不要点头 France  法国 January 2021 2021 年 1 月 40.4% [182]
Epic Games  史诗游戏 United States  美国 June 2012 2012年6月 40% [183]
Pocket Gems  口袋宝石 Japan  日本 2015 May 2017 2017年5月 38% [184]
Sea Ltd (Garena)
海洋有限公司(Garena)
Singapore  新加坡 2010 March 2019 2019年3月 20.08 % [185][186][187][188][189]
Bloober Team  布卢伯队 Poland  波兰 October 2021 2021 年 10 月 22% [190]
Marvelous  奇妙 Japan  日本 May 2020 2020年5月 20% [191]
Shift Up  上移 South Korea  韩国 December 2022  2022 年 12 月 20% [192]
Netmarble  网石 South Korea  韩国 September 2018 2018年9月 17.66% [193]
FromSoftware  来自软件 Japan  日本 August 2022 2022 年 8 月 16.25% [194]
Kakao  卡卡奥 South Korea  韩国 May 2012 2012年5月 13.54% [195][196]
Krafton (Bluehole Studio)
克拉夫顿(蓝洞工作室)
South Korea  韩国 August 2018 2018年8月 13.6% [197]
Ubisoft  育碧 France  法国 March 2018 2018年3月 9.99% [198][199][200]
Frontier Developments  前沿发展 United Kingdom  英国 July 2017 2017年7月 9% [201]
Kadokawa Corporation  角川株式会社 Japan  日本 October 2021 2021 年 10 月 6.86% [202][203]
Paradox Interactive  悖论互动 Sweden  瑞典 March 2016 2016年3月 5% [204]
Remedy Entertainment  补救娱乐 Finland  芬兰 May 2021 2021 年 5 月 3.8% [205]

Other notable investments include Discord (February 2015),[206] Roblox Corporation (February 2020),[207] Lockwood Publishing (November 2020),[208] PlatinumGames (January 2020),[209] Aiming (December 2014),[210] Novarama (March 2022),[211] Triternion (September 2022)[212] Riffraff Games (March 2022),[213] Offworld Industries (March 2022),[214] Bohemia Interactive (February 2021),[215] Payload Studios (February 2021),[216] Playtonic Games (November 2021),[217] Voodoo (August 2020)[218] and Lighthouse Games (July 2023).[219]
其他著名投资包括 Discord(2015 年 2 月)、 [206] Roblox Corporation(2020 年 2 月)、 [207] Lockwood Publishing(2020 年 11 月)、 [208] PlatinumGames(2020 年 1 月) 、 [209] Aiming(2014 年 12 月)、 [210] Novarama(2022 年 3 月)、 [211] Triternion(2022 年 9 月) [212] Riffraff Games(3 月) 2022 年)、 [213] Offworld Industries(2022 年 3 月)、 [214] Bohemia Interactive(2021 年 2 月)、 [215] Payload Studios(2021 年 2 月)、 [216] Voodoo(2020 年 8 月) [218] 和 Lighthouse Games(2023 年 7 月)。 [219]

Former foreign stakes 前外资持股[edit]
  • Tencent had a 14.46% stake in Glu Mobile before Glu was acquired by Electronic Arts in 2019.[220][221][222]
    在 2019 年 Glu 被艺电收购之前,腾讯持有 Glu Mobile 14.46% 的股份。 [220] [221] [222]
  • Tencent had invested in Playdots, which was acquired by Take-Two Interactive in August 2020.[223]
    腾讯投资了 Playdots,该公司于 2020 年 8 月被 Take-Two Interactive 收购。 [223]
  • Tencent invested in Activision Blizzard as a minority investor with 5% in 2013, when the holding company bought itself from the Vivendi conglomerate which was part of it since 2008.[224][225]
    2013 年,腾讯以少数股东身份投资了动视暴雪 5% 的股份,当时该控股公司从自 2008 年起成为其一部分的维旺迪集团收购了自己。 [224] [225]
  • Tencent's Sumo Group subsidiary wholly owned Pipeworks Studios until it was sold to Jagex for an undisclosed sum in July 2022.[226]
    腾讯的 Sumo 集团子公司全资拥有 Pipeworks Studios,直到 2022 年 7 月以未公开的价格出售给 Jagex。 [226]
Domestic investments 国内投资[edit]
  • 20% ownership of Chinese company Wangyuan Shengtang, which publishes, among others, the GuJian franchise (2021).[227]
    拥有中国公司王源盛唐 20% 的所有权,该公司出版了《古剑》系列(2021 年)等作品。 [227]
  • 18.6% ownership of Chinese company iDreamSky, which mainly develops and publishes mobile games for the Chinese market.
    拥有中国公司iDreamSky 18.6%的股权,该公司主要为中国市场开发和发行手机游戏。
  • 5% ownership of Chinese company Century Huatong, which operates games developed by FunPlus.[228] Tencent became a shareholder through an investment in Century Huatong's subsidiary Shengqu Games.[229]
    拥有中国公司世纪华通5%的股权,该公司运营FunPlus开发的游戏。 [228] 腾讯通过投资世纪华通旗下盛趣游戏入股。 [229]
  • 5% ownership of Chinese company Game Science, responsible for the development of Black Myth: Wukong (2021).[230]
    持有中国公司 Game Science 5% 的股份,负责《黑神话:悟空》(2021)的开发。 [230]

Television and cinema 电视和电影[edit]

In April 2009, Tencent launched iTQQ, a "smart interactive television service" in a joint effort with TCL.[144]
2009年4月,腾讯与TCL联合推出“智能互动电视服务”iTQQ。 [144]

In 2015, Tencent launched Tencent Pictures (Chinese: 腾讯影业), a film distributor and a production company that creates and distributes films based on books, comic books, animated series and video games.[231] In the same year, Tencent launched Tencent Penguin Pictures (Chinese: 腾讯企鹅影视) a production unit focusing on online dramas and minor investments in feature films.[232] It is under the Online Media Business Unit at Tencent and works closely with Tencent Video.[233]
2015年,腾讯成立了腾讯影业(中文:腾讯影业),这是一家电影发行商和制作公司,创作和发行基于书籍、漫画、动画系列和视频游戏的电影。 [231] 同年,腾讯成立了腾讯企鹅影视,这是一个专注于网络剧和小规模投资故事片的制作单位。 [232] 隶属于腾讯网络媒体事业部,与腾讯视频紧密合作。 [233]

Comics 漫画[edit]

On 21 March 2012, Tencent launched Tencent Comic, and would later become China's largest online animation platform.[234]
2012年3月21日,腾讯推出腾讯动漫,随后成为中国最大的网络动漫平台。 [234]

In September 2017, Tencent has announced plans to introduce Chinese online comics to every market around the world, with the first being North America. It will be working with San Francisco-based digital publisher Tapas Media, a partnership that will see English-language releases of several popular online Chinese titles.[235]
2017年9月,腾讯宣布计划将中国网络漫画引入全球各个市场,首先是北美。它将与总部位于旧金山的数字出版商 Tapas Media 合作,该合作伙伴将推出几款流行的在线中文图书的英文版本。 [235]

Music 音乐[edit]

In 2014, Tencent established exclusive in-China distribution agreements with several large music producers, including Sony, Warner Music Group and YG Entertainment[236] and in 2017 it signed a deal with Universal Music Group to stream its music in China. It also entered a partnership with Alibaba Group on music-streaming rights sharing. The deal aims to protect licensed streaming services offering copyrighted content of the music industry, encouraging more high-quality and original music, as well as developing China's fast-growing streaming market. Alibaba will gain the rights to stream music from international labels, which already have exclusive deals with Tencent, in return for offering reciprocal rights to its catalogue of Chinese and Japanese music.[237][238]
2014年,腾讯与索尼、华纳音乐集团和YG娱乐等多家大型音乐制作商建立了在中国的独家发行协议 [236] ,并于2017年与环球音乐集团签署了在中国流媒体音乐的协议。它还与阿里巴巴集团就音乐流媒体版权共享建立了合作伙伴关系。该交易旨在保护提供音乐行业版权内容的授权流媒体服务,鼓励更多高品质原创音乐,并发展中国快速增长的流媒体市场。阿里巴巴将获得国际唱片公司流媒体音乐的权利,这些唱片公司已经与腾讯签订了独家协议,作为回报,阿里巴巴将为其中国和日本音乐目录提供互惠权利。 [237] [238]

In December 2017, Tencent's music arm, Tencent Music Entertainment (TME), and Spotify agreed to swap a 10% stake in each other's music businesses,[239] forming an alliance in the music industry which Martin Lau (president of Tencent) described as a "strategic collaboration".[240][241]
2017 年 12 月,腾讯旗下音乐部门腾讯音乐娱乐 (TME) 与 Spotify 同意交换彼此音乐业务 10% 的股份, [239] 结成音乐产业联盟,刘炽平(腾讯音乐总裁)腾讯)将其描述为“战略合作”。 [240] [241]

In October 2019, Tencent Music reached a streaming music distribution agreement with CD Baby and TuneCore to provide independent music artists who distribute music through CD Baby and TuneCore access to the Chinese music market through Tencent's music streaming services QQ Music, KuGou, and Kuwo.[242]
2019年10月,腾讯音乐与CD Baby和TuneCore达成流媒体音乐发行协议,通过腾讯音乐流媒体服务QQ音乐、酷狗和酷我为通过CD Baby和TuneCore发行音乐的独立音乐人提供进入中国音乐市场的渠道。 [242]

In March 2020, Tencent acquired 10% of Vivendi's stake in Universal Music Group, the world's largest music group. In addition, it was given the option to buy another 10% with the same conditions.[243][244]
2020年3月,腾讯收购全球最大音乐集团环球音乐集团维旺迪10%股权。此外,它还可以选择以相同条件购买另外10%的股份。 [243] [244]

In June 2020, Tencent bought 1.6% of Warner Music Group's shares after WMG launched its IPO in the same month.[245]
2020年6月,华纳音乐集团IPO后,腾讯收购了华纳音乐集团1.6%的股份。 [245]

Video streaming 视频流[edit]

In June 2011, Tencent launched Tencent Video, a video streaming website.[246] It also controls the live-streaming platform Huya Live and has stakes in other major Chinese game live-streaming platform operators, including DouYu, Kuaishou and Bilibili.[247] In March 2020, Tencent started testing Trovo Live, a live-streaming service for worldwide users.[248] Since June 2020, it owns the Malaysian Video-on-demand service Iflix.
2011年6月,腾讯推出视频流媒体网站腾讯视频。 [246] 它还控制直播平台虎牙直播,并持有其他中国主要游戏直播平台运营商的股份,包括斗鱼、快手和哔哩哔哩。 [247] 2020年3月,腾讯开始测试面向全球用户的直播服务Trovo Live。 [248] 自 2020 年 6 月起,它拥有马来西亚视频点播服务 Iflix。

Virtual reality 虚拟现实[edit]

In late April 2017, Tencent announced it was preparing to launch its virtual reality headset that year.[249]
2017年4月下旬,腾讯宣布准备当年推出虚拟现实耳机。 [249]

In December 2022, Jia Wang, deputy director of the Technology Service Center at Tencent's office in Palo Alto, California, spoke with WIPO Magazine about the impact of technologies such as augmented reality, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence on the industry, highlighting the importance of Intellectual property protection to ensure that developers are able to make a return on their investments and continue to innovate.[250]
2022年12月,腾讯加州帕洛阿尔托办公室技术服务中心副主任王佳接受《WIPO》杂志采访,谈论增强现实、虚拟现实、人工智能等技术对行业的影响,强调了增强现实、虚拟现实、人工智能等技术对行业的影响。知识产权保护,以确保开发商能够获得投资回报并持续创新。 [250]

E-commerce 电子商务[edit]

In September 2005, Tencent launched PaiPai.com (Chinese: 拍拍; pinyin: pāi pāi), a C2C auction site.[144] In addition to PaiPai.com, Tencent launched TenPay, an online payment system similar to PayPal, which supports B2B, B2C, and C2C payments.[251]
2005年9月,腾讯推出了C2C拍卖网站PaiPai.com(中文:拍拍;拼音:pāi pāi)。 [144] 除了PaiPai.com之外,腾讯还推出了财付通,这是一个类似于PayPal的在线支付系统,支持B2B、B2C、C2C支付。 [251]

In response to the dominance of the Chinese e-commerce market by Tencent competitor Alibaba Group, Tencent took great effort in its e-commerce platforms. On 10 March 2014, Tencent bought a 15 per cent stake in Chinese e-commerce website JD.com Inc. by paying cash and handing over its e-commerce businesses Paipai.com, QQ Wanggou, and a stake in Yixun to JD.com, as well as purchasing a stake in e-commerce website 58 Tongcheng.[58][252] In accordance to this agreement, JD.com would receive exclusive access to Tencent's WeChat and MobileQQ platforms.[253] In May 2014, JD became the first Chinese e-commerce company to be listed on the NASDAQ exchange, under its ticker 'JD'.[253]
为了应对腾讯竞争对手阿里巴巴集团在中国电子商务市场的主导地位,腾讯在其电子商务平台上下了大力气。 2014年3月10日,腾讯以现金方式收购中国电子商务网站京东公司15%的股权,并将旗下电商业务拍拍网、QQ网购、易迅网的股权转让给京东。以及入股电商网站58同城。 [58] [252] 根据本协议,京东将获得腾讯微信和MobileQQ平台的独家访问权。 [253] 2014年5月,京东成为第一家在纳斯达克交易所上市的中国电子商务公司,股票代码为“JD”。 [253]

On 31 December 2015, JD announced that they will stop supporting services on Paipai.com after being unable to deal with issues involving fake goods, and had integrated the Paipai.com team within its other e-commerce platforms. In a 3-month transitional period, Paipai.com would be fully shut down by 1 April 2016.[254] JD relaunched PaiPai.com as PaiPai Second Hand (拍拍二手) to compete alongside 58 Tongcheng's Zhuanzhuan.com, both partially owned by Tencent, against Alibaba's Xianyu in the second-hand e-commerce market.[255][256]
2015年12月31日,京东宣布因无法处理假货问题,将停止对拍拍网的支持服务,并将拍拍网团队整合至旗下其他电商平台。经过3个月的过渡期,拍拍网将于2016年4月1日全面关闭。 [254] 京东重新推出拍拍网,以拍拍二手与58同城旗下的转转网竞争。两者均由腾讯部分持股,在二手电商市场与阿里巴巴的闲鱼对抗。 [255] [256]

Tencent was reported in 2017 to be working with China's Central Bank to develop a central payments clearing platform for online payments.[257]
据报道,2017 年腾讯正在与中国央行合作开发在线支付的中央支付清算平台。 [257]

On 31 December 2021, it was reported Tencent had bought a stake in the UK digital bank, Monzo.[258][259]
2021年12月31日,有报道称腾讯入股英国数字银行Monzo。 [258] [259]

Utility software 实用软件[edit]

In March 2006, Tencent launched its search engine Soso.com (搜搜; to search).[260][261] On 1 October 2012, it was the 33rd most visited website in the world, 11th most visited in China, as well as the 8th most visited website in South Korea, according to Alexa Internet.[262] It was also a Chinese partner of Google, using AdWords.[263] In September 2013, Tencent discontinued Soso.com after it invested in Sogou and replaced Soso.com with Sogou Search as its main search engine.[264]
2006年3月,腾讯推出搜索引擎搜搜。 [260] [261] 据统计,2012 年 10 月 1 日,它是全球访问量排名第 33 位的网站,在中国访问量排名第 11 位,在韩国访问量排名第 8 位的网站亚历克斯互联网。 [262] 它也是Google的中国合作伙伴,使用AdWords。 [263] 2013年9月,腾讯投资搜狗后,终止了搜搜网,并以搜狗搜索取代搜搜网作为其主要搜索引擎。 [264]

In 2008, Tencent released a media player, available for free download, under the name QQ Player.[265] Tencent also launched Tencent Traveler, a web browser based on Trident. It became the third most-visited browser in China in 2008.[266][267]
2008年,腾讯发布了一款名为QQ影音的媒体播放器,可供免费下载。 [265] 腾讯还推出了基于Trident的网页浏览器Tencent Traveler。 2008 年,它成为中国第三大访问量最大的浏览器。 [266] [267]

QQ Haiwai is Tencent's first venture into international real estate listings and information and is the result of a partnership with Chinese international real estate website Juwai.com. Haiwai was announced at Tencent's annual regional summit in Beijing on 21 December 2016.[268][269]
QQ海外是腾讯首次进军国际房地产上市和信息领域,是与中国国际房地产网站居外网合作的成果。海外于 2016 年 12 月 21 日在北京举行的腾讯年度区域峰会上宣布。 [268] [269]

In 2017, Tencent launched its own credit score system called Tencent Credit, with a process similar to that of Sesame Credit, operated by its competitor, the Alibaba Group, through its subsidiary Ant Financial.[270]
2017年,腾讯推出了自己的信用评分系统,名为腾讯信用,其流程类似于芝麻信用,由其竞争对手阿里巴巴集团通过其子公司蚂蚁金服运营。 [270]

Healthcare and insurance 医疗保健和保险[edit]

Tencent has created WeChat Intelligent Healthcare, Tencent Doctorwork, and AI Medical Innovation System (AIMIS)[271] Tencent Doctorwork has also merged with Trusted Doctors[272]
腾讯打造了微信智能医疗、腾讯Doctorwork、人工智能医疗创新系统(AIMIS) [271] 腾讯Doctorwork还与可信医生合并 [272]

Tencent officially commences operations of its first insurance agency platform, WeSure Internet Insurance Ltd. (WeSure), to work with domestic insurance companies such as Ping An Insurance.[273]
腾讯首个保险代理平台微保互联网保险有限公司(微保)正式运营,与平安保险等国内保险公司合作。 [273]

In August 2017, Tencent released AI Medical Innovation System (AIMIS)[274] or Miying[275] (觅影 in Chinese), which has two core competencies: AI medical imaging and AI-assisted diagnosis. AI Medical Innovation System (AIMIS) is capable of helping doctors screen for several diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, lung cancer and esophageal cancer through its AI-assisted medical image analysis. Its AI-assisted medical diagnosis engine allows doctors to identify and estimate the risk of more than 700 diseases, improving the accuracy and efficiency of their diagnosis. The system is undergoing clinical validation in more than 100 major Chinese hospitals. It has already helped doctors read more than 100 million medical images and served nearly one million patients. Tencent's data shows that recognition accuracy reaches 90% for esophageal cancer, 97% for diabetic retinopathy and 97.2% for colorectal cancer. In general, Chinese medical institutions and companies are taking a proactive attitude toward AI. Nearly 80% of hospitals and medical enterprises plan to carry out, or have already carried out, medical AI applications, and more than 75% of hospitals believe that these applications will become popular in the future.[276]
2017年8月,腾讯发布人工智能医疗创新系统(AIMIS) [274] 或觅影 [275] ,拥有AI医学影像和AI辅助诊断两大核心能力。人工智能医疗创新系统(AIMIS)能够通过人工智能辅助医学图像分析,帮助医生筛查糖尿病视网膜病变、肺癌、食道癌等多种疾病。其人工智能辅助医疗诊断引擎可以帮助医生识别和评估700多种疾病的风险,提高诊断的准确性和效率。该系统正在中国100多家主要医院进行临床验证。它已经帮助医生读取了超过1亿张医学图像,并服务了近百万患者。腾讯数据显示,食道癌识别准确率达90%,糖尿病视网膜病变识别准确率达97%,结直肠癌识别准确率达97.2%。总体来看,中国医疗机构和企业对人工智能持积极态度。近80%的医院和医疗企业计划开展或已经开展医疗人工智能应用,超过75%的医院认为这些应用未来将会流行。 [276]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Tencent helped source 1.2 million protective masks for American medical staff combating the virus.[277]
在新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 大流行期间,腾讯帮助美国医护人员采购了 120 万个防护口罩。 [277]

Data processing 数据处理[edit]

On 27 March 2020, a co-innovation lab was launched by Tencent who will be in collaborations with Huawei in developing a cloud-based game platform by tapping into Huawei's Kunpeng processor's power to build Tencent's GameMatrix cloud game platform. Along with further exploration in the possibilities of artificial intelligence and augmented reality elements in game.[278]
2020年3月27日,腾讯成立联合创新实验室,将与华为合作开发云游戏平台,利用华为鲲鹏处理器的能力,打造腾讯GameMatrix云游戏平台。随着人工智能和增强现实元素在游戏中的可能性的进一步探索。 [278]

In October 2020, Tencent's AIMIS Image Cloud was introduced.[279] AIMIS Image Cloud was designed to help patients manage their medical images and give permission to medical professionals to access their exams and reports. The AIMIS platform supports full images on the cloud to reduce repeated exams. It can also connect medical institutions at all levels through cloud based Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS), allowing patients to take examinations in primary medical institutions and obtain expert diagnosis remotely. Doctors can conduct online consultations through Tencent real-time audio and video facilities when they encounter difficult cases and work collaboratively on images to communicate more efficiently.[279]
2020年10月,腾讯AIMIS影像云上线。 [279] AIMIS Image Cloud 旨在帮助患者管理他们的医学图像,并允许医疗专业人员访问他们的检查和报告。 AIMIS平台支持全图云端,减少重复检查。它还可以通过基于云的图像存档和通信系统(PACS)连接各级医疗机构,让患者可以在基层医疗机构进行检查并远程获得专家诊断。医生遇到疑难病例时,可以通过腾讯实时音视频设施进行在线问诊,并进行图像协同,沟通更高效。 [279]

On 26 May 2020, Tencent announced it planned to invest 500 billion yuan (US$70 billion) over the next five years in new digital infrastructure, a major hi-tech initiative that would bolster Beijing's efforts to drive economic recovery in the post-coronavirus era.[280]
2020 年 5 月 26 日,腾讯宣布计划在未来五年内投资 5000 亿元人民币(700 亿美元)用于新的数字基础设施,这是一项重大高科技举措,将支持北京在后冠状病毒时代推动经济复苏的努力。 [280]

Accessibility 无障碍[edit]

Tencent received the Zero Project Award 2023 for innovative ICT solutions for persons with disabilities. Originating from Tencent's game development, MTGPA (Magic Tencent Game Performance Amelioration) Haptics is transmitting vibro-tactile signals to the user which support orientation and notification. Typical customers are persons with visual impairments or the elderly.[281] Connected to the Tencent Map app, MTGPA Haptics guides customers indoors and outdoors through long and short vibrations in case of deviations from the planned route.[281]
腾讯凭借针对残疾人的创新 ICT 解决方案荣获 2023 年零项目奖。 MTGPA(魔幻腾讯游戏性能改善)触觉技术源自腾讯游戏开发,向用户传输振动触觉信号,支持定向和通知。典型的顾客是视力障碍者或老年人。 [281] 连接到腾讯地图应用程序,MTGPA Haptics 可通过长短振动引导室内外的顾客,以防偏离计划路线。 [281]

Other 其他[edit]

Tencent announced its WeCity project in 2019, through which it seeks to develop a smart city solution for digital governance, urban management and decision-making, and industrial interconnections.[282]: 65  In June 2020, Tencent has unveiled plans for an urban development dubbed "Net City",[282]: 65  a 21-million-square-foot development, equivalent in size to Monaco, in Shenzhen. The development will be built on reclaimed land.[282]: 65  It will prioritize pedestrians, green spaces and self-driving vehicles. It will include corporate offices, a school, apartments, sports facilities, parks and retail space, according to the project's architect, NBBJ.[283][284]
腾讯于2019年宣布推出WeCity项目,旨在开发数字治理、城市管理与决策、产业互联等智慧城市解决方案。 [282] : 65  2020年6月,腾讯公布了名为“网络城市”的城市开发计划, [282] : 65  2100万人口- 深圳开发面积相当于摩纳哥的面积。该开发项目将建在填海土地上。 [282] : 65  它将优先考虑行人、绿地和自动驾驶车辆。据该项目的建筑师 NBBJ 称,它将包括公司办公室、学校、公寓、体育设施、公园和零售空间。 [283] [284]

At the end of June 2020, Tencent has increased its direct stake in Nio to 15.1% after acquiring more of the Chinese electric vehicle maker's New York-listed shares recently.[285] Tencent spent $10 million to buy 1.68 million American Depositary Shares earlier in the month, according to Nio's latest filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Shenzhen-based social media and entertainment conglomerate also controls another 16% stake in Nio's ADSs through three of its units. Tencent was the second-largest Nio shareholder in terms of voting rights after Li Bin, founder of the automaker, who held 13.8% in shares but 47% voting rights, according to a March filing by the company. As of 8 July, they bought another amount of shares increasing their stake in Nio to 16.3%.
截至2020年6月底,腾讯近期收购了蔚来汽车在纽约上市的更多股票,将其在蔚来汽车的直接持股比例增至15.1%。 [285] 根据蔚来向美国证券交易委员会提交的最新文件,本月早些时候,腾讯斥资 1000 万美元购买了 168 万股美国存托股票。这家总部位于深圳的社交媒体和娱乐集团还通过其三个子公司控制着蔚来汽车ADS的另外16%的股份。根据该公司 3 月份提交的文件,就投票权而言,腾讯是蔚来第二大股东,仅次于该汽车制造商创始人李斌,李斌持有 13.8% 的股份,但拥有 47% 的投票权。截至 7 月 8 日,他们又购买了一定数量的蔚来股份,将其持股比例增至 16.3%。

Corporate governance 公司治理[edit]

Ma Huateng, also known as Pony Ma, is the main co-founder of Tencent, and is currently the conglomerate's CEO and chairman.
马化腾,又名马化腾,是腾讯的主要联合创始人,现任该集团首席执行官兼董事长。
Martin Lau, who helped with the company's IPO as an investment banker at Goldman Sachs, is currently Tencent's president.
刘炽平曾担任高盛投资银行家,帮助该公司首次公开募股,目前担任腾讯总裁。

Tencent's largest shareholder is Prosus (majority owned by Naspers), which owns 25.6% of all shares[286][2] and hence is the controlling shareholder.[287] However, Ma Huateng, co-founder of Tencent, still owns a significant stake (8.42%).
腾讯第一大股东为Prosus(Naspers持有多数股权),持有全部股份25.6% [286] [2] ,为控股股东。 [287] 不过,腾讯联合创始人马化腾仍持有大量股份(8.42%)。

Tencent's headquarters is currently the Tencent Binhai Mansion, also known as the Tencent Seafront Towers, which is located in Shenzhen's Nanshan District.[288] In addition to its headquarters in Shenzhen, Tencent also has offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, and Guangzhou.[289]
腾讯总部目前为腾讯滨海大厦,又称腾讯滨海大厦,位于深圳市南山区。 [288] 除深圳总部外,腾讯还在北京、上海、成都和广州设有办事处。 [289]

Tencent has a unitary board consisting of Tencent co-founder, CEO, and chairman Ma Huateng, also known as Pony Ma, executive director and President of Tencent Martin Lau, non-executive directors Jacobus "Koos" Bekker and Charles Searle of Naspers, and independent non-executive directors Li Dongsheng, Iain Bruce, Ian Stone, and Yang Siushun.[290] Tencent's governance is aided by its Strategy Department, commonly known as SD, which provides business analytics for the corporation's various divisions.[291]
腾讯拥有一个统一的董事会,成员包括腾讯联合创始人、首席执行官兼董事长马化腾(又名马化腾)、腾讯执行董事兼总裁刘炽平、非执行董事 Jacobus "Koos" Bekker 和 Naspers 的 Charles Searle,以及独立非执行董事李东生、伊恩·布鲁斯、伊恩·斯通、杨兆顺。 [290] 腾讯的治理由其战略部门(通常称为 SD)协助,该部门为公司的各个部门提供业务分析。 [291]

Largest Shareholders 第一大股东[edit]

Around 44% of Tencent shares are held by the general public and around 24% are held by institutions. Around 26% are hold by Naspers. The largest shareholders in early 2024 were:[286]
约44%的腾讯股份由公众持有,约24%由机构持有。 Naspers 持有约 26% 的股份。 2024 年初的最大股东是: [286]

Subsidiaries 子公司[edit]

Tencent has at least four Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprises and nearly twenty subsidiaries.[31]
腾讯拥有至少四家外商独资企业和近二十家子公司。 [31]

Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司
[edit]

A software development unit that has created, among others, Tencent Traveler and later versions of QQ IM,[292] as well as some mobile software.[293] This subsidiary is located on the Southern District of Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen.[292] It also holds a number of patents related to instant messaging and massively multiplayer online game gaming.[294]
一个软件开发单位,开发了腾讯旅行家及后续版本的QQ即时通讯、 [292] 以及一些移动软件。 [293] 该子公司位于深圳市高新技术园区南区。 [292] 它还拥有多项与即时通讯和大型多人在线游戏游戏相关的专利。 [294]

Shenzhen Yayue Technology
深圳雅悦科技
[edit]

In 2023, an entity controlled by the state-owned China Internet Investment Fund took a golden share investment in Shenzhen Yayue Technology.[295] The stock price of Tencent sank when news of the deal was published.[296]
2023年,国有中国互联网投资基金控股实体对深圳雅悦科技进行金股投资。 [295] 交易消息传出后,腾讯股价应声下跌。 [296]

Research 研究[edit]

In 2007, Tencent invested over RMB100 million in the establishment of the Tencent Research Institute, which became China's first research center dedicated to core Internet technologies.[297] The campuses are located in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen.[298]
2007年,腾讯投资超亿元成立腾讯研究院,成为中国第一个专门研究互联网核心技术的研究中心。 [297] 校区位于北京、上海和深圳。 [298]

Chinese government partnerships
中国政府合作伙伴
[edit]

For the occasion of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Tencent released a mobile game titled "Clap for Xi Jinping: An Awesome Speech", in which players have 19 seconds to generate as many claps as possible for the party leader.[299]
值此中共十九大召开之际,腾讯推出了一款名为《为习近平鼓掌:精彩讲话》的手机游戏,玩家有19秒的时间为党的领导人尽可能多地鼓掌。 [299]

In August 2019, it was reported that Tencent collaborated with the Guangdong Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party and the People's Daily to develop "patriotic games".[300][301]
2019年8月,有报道称,腾讯与中共广东省宣传部、人民日报合作开发“爱国游戏”。 [300] [301]

In a December 2020 article in Foreign Policy, a former senior official of the Central Intelligence Agency stated that the CIA concluded that Tencent received funding from the Ministry of State Security early on in its foundation. This was said to be a "seed investment" that was provided "when they were trying to build out the Great Firewall and the monitoring technology." Tencent denied this allegation.[302]
中央情报局前高级官员在《外交政策》2020 年 12 月的一篇文章中表示,中央情报局得出的结论是,腾讯在成立之初就获得了国家安全部的资助。据说这是“当他们试图建立防火墙和监控技术时”提供的“种子投资”。腾讯否认了这一指控。 [302]

In 2021, it was reported that Tencent and Ant Group were working with the People's Bank of China to develop a Central bank digital currency.[303][304]
2021年,有报道称,腾讯和蚂蚁集团正在与中国人民银行合作开发央行数字货币。 [303] [304]

In June 2022, Tencent partnered with Shanghai United Media Group to launch a plan to develop domestic and foreign influencers.[305]
2022年6月,腾讯与上海联合传媒集团合作,启动国内外网红培养计划。 [305]

Controversies 争议[edit]

Allegations of copying 抄袭指控[edit]

Many of Tencent's software and services share similarities to those of competitors,[306][307][308][309][310][311] and to their own.[312] The founder and chairman, Huateng "Pony" Ma, famously said, "[To] copy is not evil." A former CEO and president of SINA.com, Wang Zhidong, said, "Pony Ma is a notorious king of copying." Jack Ma of Alibaba Group stated, "The problem with Tencent is the lack of innovation; all of their products are copies."[313]
腾讯的许多软件和服务与竞争对手的软件和服务有相似之处, [306] [307] [308] [309] [310] [311] 和他们自己的。 [312] 华腾创始人兼董事长马化腾有一句名言:“复制不是邪恶的。”新浪网前首席执行官兼总裁王志东表示,“马化腾是臭名昭著的抄袭大王”。阿里巴巴集团马云表示,“腾讯的问题是缺乏创新,所有产品都是抄袭”。 [313]

In 1996, an Israeli company named Mirabilis released one of the first stand alone instant messaging clients named ICQ.[314] Three years later, Tencent released a copied version of ICQ, naming it OICQ, which stands for Open ICQ.[315] After losing a lawsuit against AOL, which bought ICQ in 1998, for violating ICQ's intellectual property rights, Tencent released a new version of OICQ in December 2000 and rebranded it QQ.[316] With its model of free-to-use and charging for customizing personal avatars, QQ hit 50 million users in its second year, 856 million users and at most 45.3 million synchronous users in 2008.[315]
1996 年,一家名为 Mirabilis 的以色列公司发布了第一批独立的即时消息客户端之一,名为 ICQ。 [314] 三年后,腾讯发布了ICQ的复制版,命名为OICQ,即Open ICQ。 [315] 在对 AOL(1998 年收购了 ICQ)侵犯 ICQ 知识产权的诉讼败诉后,腾讯于 2000 年 12 月发布了新版本的 OICQ,并将其更名为 QQ。 [316] 凭借免费使用、个性化头像收费的模式,QQ上线第二年就突破了5000万用户,2008年用户数达到8.56亿,同步用户最多为4530万。 [315]

During early stages of company development and expansion, Tencent has been widely accused of stealing ideas from its competitors and creating counterfeit copies of their products.[317][316] Some of the criticisms aimed at Tencent in this regard are that QQ farm was a direct copy of Happy Farm, QQ dance originated from Audition Online, and that QQ speed featured gameplay highly similar to Crazyracing Kartrider.[318] In January 2023, Tencent's trailer for their new MMORPG, Tarisland, was said to resemble Blizzard's World of Warcraft.[319]
在公司发展和扩张的早期阶段,腾讯被广泛指责窃取竞争对手的创意并制造假冒产品。 [317] [316] 对此,针对腾讯的一些批评包括《QQ农场》直接抄袭《开心农场》、《QQ跳舞》源自《劲舞团》、《QQ飞车》玩法性很强等。与《疯狂卡丁车》类似。 [318] 2023 年 1 月,腾讯发布的新 MMORPG 《Tarisland》预告片据称与暴雪的《魔兽世界》类似。 [319]

Tencent's acquisitions 腾讯的收购[edit]

In a partial effort to rebuild the reputation of Tencent lost from allegations of copying, Tencent adjusted its strategy by aggressively investing in the acquisition of other companies, rather than in the replication of them. By 2020, Tencent had invested in over 800 companies across the world.[317] During 2012 and 2019, Tencent has invested from minority stakes to majority stakes in world-wide-famous game companies such as Riot Games, Epic Games, Activision Blizzard, SuperCell, and Bluehole.[320] While aggressive acquisitions may benefit Tencent due to factors such as reduction in competition and monopolization, it may not benefit the acquired companies in terms of their growth and innovation. Colin Huang, founder of Pinduoduo, said "Tencent won't die when Pinduoduo dies, because it has tens of thousands of sons."[321]
为了重建腾讯因抄袭指控而失去的声誉,腾讯调整了策略,积极投资收购其他公司,而不是复制它们。截至2020年,腾讯已在全球投资了800多家公司。 [317] 2012年至2019年,腾讯先后投资了Riot Games、Epic Games、动视暴雪、SuperCell、Bluehole等全球知名游戏公司,从少数股权到多数股权。 [320] 虽然由于减少竞争和垄断等因素,激进的收购可能会给腾讯带来好处,但它可能不会有利于被收购公司的增长和创新。拼多多创始人黄仁勋表示,“拼多多死了,腾讯不会死,因为它有几万个儿子。” [321]

Security concerns 安全问题[edit]

In 2015, security testing firms AV-Comparatives, AV-TEST and Virus Bulletin jointly decided to remove Tencent from their software whitelists. The Tencent products supplied for testing were found to contain optimisations that made the software appear less exploitable when benchmarked but actually provided greater scope for delivering exploits.[322] Additionally, software settings were detrimental to end-users protection if used. Qihoo was later also accused of cheating, while Tencent was accused of actively gaming the anti-malware tests.[323][324]
2015年,安全测试公司AV-Comparatives、AV-TEST和Virus Bulletin联合决定将腾讯从软件白名单中删除。人们发现,提供用于测试的腾讯产品包含优化,使该软件在基准测试时显得不易被利用,但实际上提供了更大的漏洞利用范围。 [322] 此外,软件设置如果使用的话也不利于最终用户的保护。奇虎后来也被指控作弊,而腾讯则被指控在反恶意软件测试中积极玩弄游戏。 [323] [324]

Censorship 审查制度[edit]

Tencent's WeChat platform has been accused of blocking TikTok videos and the censorship of politically sensitive content.[325][326][327] In April 2018, TikTok sued Tencent and accused it of spreading false and damaging information on its WeChat platform, demanding RMB 1 million in compensation and an apology. In June 2018, Tencent filed a lawsuit against Toutiao and TikTok in a Beijing court, alleging they had repeatedly defamed Tencent with negative news and damaged its reputation, seeking a nominal sum of RMB 1 million in compensation and a public apology.[328] In response, Toutiao filed a complaint the following day against Tencent for allegedly unfair competition and asking for RMB 90 million in economic losses.[329]
腾讯的微信平台被指控屏蔽 TikTok 视频和审查政治敏感内容。 [325] [326] [327] 2018年4月,TikTok起诉腾讯,指控其在其微信平台上散布虚假、破坏性信息,要求赔偿100万元人民币并给予赔偿。道歉。 2018年6月,腾讯向北京法院提起诉讼,指控今日头条和TikTok多次利用负面新闻诽谤腾讯,损害腾讯声誉,要求其象征性赔偿100万元并公开道歉。 [328] 对此,今日头条于次日向腾讯提起投诉,指控腾讯涉嫌不正当竞争,并要求赔偿9000万元经济损失。 [329]

However, Tim Sweeney, the CEO and founder of Epic Games, maker of the popular game Fortnite, tweeted that his company would never follow suit and punish people for expressing their opinions, even though Tencent is a 40% stakeholder in Epic.[330] In a statement, Sweeney said it would "never happen on [his] watch", and emphasized that Epic is an American company, implying that it would not compromise an ethos of free speech to curry favor with Chinese authorities in the pursuit of maximum profit.[331]
然而,热门游戏《堡垒之夜》的开发商 Epic Games 的首席执行官兼创始人蒂姆·斯威尼 (Tim Sweeney) 在推特上表示,尽管腾讯持有 Epic 40% 的股份,但他的公司绝不会效仿并惩罚表达意见的人。 [330] 在一份声明中,斯威尼表示“在他的领导下永远不会发生这种情况”,并强调 Epic 是一家美国公司,暗示它不会为了讨好中国人而牺牲言论自由的精神当局为了追求最大利润。 [331]

Later in October 2019, Tencent announced it would stop broadcasting Houston Rockets NBA games in China due to a tweet made by Daryl Morey, general manager of the Rockets, that was supportive of protestors in the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests. Although Morey's tweet was hastily deleted, news of it was quickly reported all around the world, and the NBA went on to spend months attempting damage control in China.[332]
2019 年 10 月晚些时候,由于火箭队总经理达里尔·莫雷在推特上支持 2019-2020 年香港抗议活动,腾讯宣布将停止在中国转播休斯敦火箭队 NBA 比赛。尽管莫雷的推文被匆忙删除,但相关消息很快传遍了全世界,NBA 随后又花了几个月的时间试图控制在中国的损失。 [332]

In December 2019, the Chinese government ordered Tencent to improve the firm's user data rules for its apps, which regulators regarded to be in violation of censorship rules.[333]
2019 年 12 月,中国政府责令腾讯改进其应用程序的用户数据规则,监管机构认为这违反了审查规则。 [333]

In January 2021, a proposed class action lawsuit was filed in California against Tencent, alleging user censorship and surveillance via WeChat.[334]
2021 年 1 月,加州提议对腾讯提起集体诉讼,指控微信对用户进行审查和监视。 [334]

In November 2022, Sustainalytics downgraded Tencent to "non-compliant" with the United Nations Global Compact principles due to complicity with censorship.[335]
2022 年 11 月,Sustainalytics 将腾讯因与审查制度共谋而将其评级下调为“不符合”联合国全球契约原则。 [335]

2020 U.S. executive order on WeChat
2020年美国针对微信的行政命令
[edit]

On 6 August 2020, President Donald Trump signed two executive orders, one directed at TikTok and one at WeChat. The TikTok order dictated that within 45 days from its signing (20 September 2020) that it would ban transactions involving the TikTok app with ByteDance, effectively banning the TikTok app in the United States, under threat of penalty. TikTok sued Trump over the executive order, which was later revoked under Joe Biden's administration, causing the lawsuit to be dismissed in July 2021. The order for WeChat contained the same information but targeting the WeChat app and related transactions for Tencent. In the case of ByteDance, the order would be canceled should an American company acquire it, which Microsoft had been openly spoken of, but there are unlikely any immediate buyers for Tencent in the U.S.[336] Los Angeles Times reporter Sam Dean affirmed from the White House that this does not affect other facets of Tencent's ownerships in American companies such as with its video game companies.[337][338]
2020 年 8 月 6 日,唐纳德·特朗普总统签署了两项行政命令,一项针对 TikTok,另一项针对微信。 TikTok 命令规定,在签署后的 45 天内(2020 年 9 月 20 日),它将禁止 TikTok 应用与字节跳动进行涉及 TikTok 应用的交易,从而在美国有效禁止 TikTok 应用,并面临罚款威胁。 TikTok 就该行政命令起诉特朗普,该命令后来在乔·拜登政府领导下被撤销,导致诉讼于 2021 年 7 月被驳回。针对微信的命令包含相同的信息,但针对的是腾讯的微信应用程序和相关交易。就字节跳动而言,如果一家美国公司收购它,该订单将被取消,微软已经公开谈论过这一点,但腾讯在美国不太可能有任何直接买家 [336] 《洛杉矶时报》记者 Sam迪恩在白宫确认,这不会影响腾讯在美国公司的其他方面的所有权,例如视频游戏公司。 [337] [338]

See also 也可以看看[edit]

References 参考[edit]

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    《2022 年年度报告》(PDF)。腾讯网。检索于 13 January 2024 年。
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c "prosus2021-annual-report2" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
    “prosus2021-年度报告2”(PDF)。原始存档于 2021 年 6 月 25 日存档 (PDF)。2021 年 12 November 检索。
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    「腾讯控股有限公司(700)」。 2023 年 9 月 15 日。检索于 2023 年 15 September
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