OVERVIEW-The American Psychological Association (APA) style is widely accepted in the social sciences and other fields, such as education, business, and nursing. The APA citation format requires parenthetical citations within the text rather than endnotes or footnotes. Citations in the text provide brief information, usually the name of the author and the date of publication, to lead the reader to the source of information in the reference list at the end of the paper.
概述 - 美国心理学会 (APA) 风格在社会科学和其他领域（例如教育、商业和护理）被广泛接受。 APA 引文格式要求在文本中添加括号引文，而不是尾注或脚注。文本中的引文提供了简短的信息，通常是作者姓名和出版日期，以引导读者找到论文末尾参考文献列表中的信息来源。

NOTE: Although the examples in this guide are shown in single space, APA style requires double spacing throughout (e.g. text, references, etc.)
注意：虽然本指南中的示例以单倍行距显示，但 APA 样式要求全文采用双倍行距（例如文本、参考文献等）。

APA RULES FOR THE REFERENCES PAGE - The following sections show some of the more commonly used APA citation rules.
参考页面的 APA 规则 - 以下部分显示了一些更常用的 APA 引用规则。

NOTE: All citations must be in the Hanging Indent Format with the first line flush to the left margin and all other lines indented.
注意：所有引文必须采用悬挂缩进格式，第一行与左边距齐平，所有其他行缩进。

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article.
    Title of Journal, xx, xxx-xxx.

NOTE: The journal title and the volume number are in italics. Issue numbers are not required if the journal is continuously paged. If paged individually, the issue number is required and is in regular type in parentheses adjacent to the volume number.
注：期刊标题和卷号以斜体显示。如果期刊是连续分页的，则不需要期号。如果单独分页，则需要提供期号，并且以常规格式放在卷号旁边的括号中。

Williams, J. H. (2008). Employee engagement: Improving participation in
    safety. Professional Safety, 53(12), 40-45.

Keller, T. E., Cusick, G. R., & Courtney, M. E. (2007). Approaching the
    transition to adulthood: Distinctive profiles of adolescents aging
    out of the child welfare system. Social Services Review, 81, 453-
    484.

Eight or More Authors [List the first six authors, … and the last author]
八位或更多作者 [列出前六位作者，……以及最后一位作者]

Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J.-Y., Coatsworth, D.,
    Lengua, L.,...Griffin, W. A. (2000). An experimental evaluation of
    theory-based mother and mother-child programs for children of
    divorce. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 843-
    85.

Mathews, J., Berrett, D., & Brillman, D. (2005, May 16). Other winning equations. Newsweek, 145(20), 58-59.
Mathews, J.、Berrett, D. 和 Brillman, D.（2005 年，5 月 16 日）。其他获胜方程式。新闻周刊，145(20)，58-59。

Generic Prozac debuts. (2001, August 3). The Washington Post, pp. E1, E4.
通用百忧解首次亮相。 （2001年8月3日）。 《华盛顿邮报》，E1、E4 页。

BOOKS, CHAPTERS IN BOOKS, REPORTS, ETC.
书籍、书籍章节、报告等。

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Location: Publisher.
作者，AA（年份）。作品名称。地点：出版社。

Alexie, S. (1992). The business of fancydancing: Stories and poems. Brooklyn, NY: Hang Loose Press.
亚历克西，S.（1992）。花式舞蹈的业务：故事和诗歌。纽约布鲁克林：保持松散的压力。

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
美国精神病学协会。 （1994）。精神障碍诊断和统计手册（第四版）。华盛顿特区：作者。

Dorland’s illustrated medical dictionary (31 st ed.). (2007). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.
多兰插图医学词典（第 31 版）。 （2007）。宾夕法尼亚州费城：桑德斯。

Booth-LaForce, C., & Kerns, K. A. (2009). Child-parent attachment
    relationships, peer relationships, and peer-group functioning. In
    K. H. Rubin, W. M. Bukowski, & B. Laursen (Eds.), Handbook of peer interactions, relationships, and groups (pp. 490-507). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Shyyan, V., Thurlow, M., & Liu, K. (2005). Student perceptions of
    instructional strategies: Voices of English language learners with
    disabilities. Minneapolis, MN: National Center on Educational
    Outcomes, University of Minnesota. Retrieved from the ERIC
    database.(ED495903)

NOTE: Use the article’s DOI (Digital Object Identifier), the unique code given by the publisher to a specific article.
注意：使用文章的 DOI（数字对象标识符），这是出版商为特定文章提供的唯一代码。

Senior, B., & Swailes, S. (2007). Inside management teams: Developing a teamwork survey instrument. British Journal of Management, 18, 138153. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00507.x
Senior, B. 和 Swailes, S. (2007)。管理团队内部：开发团队合作调查工具。英国管理杂志，18, 138153.doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00507.x

NOTE: Use the journal’s home page URL (or web address) if there is no DOI. This may require a web search to locate the journal’s home page. There is no period at the end of web address. Break a long URL before the punctuation.
注意：如果没有 DOI，请使用期刊的主页 URL（或网址）。这可能需要网络搜索来找到期刊的主页。网址末尾没有句点。在标点符号之前断开长 URL。

Koo, D. J., Chitwoode, D. D., & Sanchez, J. (2008). Violent victimization and the routine activities/lifestyle of active drug users. Journal of Drug Issues, 38, 1105-1137. Retrieved from http://www2 .criminology.fsu.edu/~jdi/
Koo, DJ、Chitwoode, DD 和 Sanchez, J. (2008)。暴力受害和活跃吸毒者的日常活动/生活方式。药物问题杂志，38，1105-1137。摘自http://www2.criminology.fsu.edu/~jdi/

Lodewijkx, H. F. M. (2001, May 23). Individual-group continuity in
    cooperation and competition under varying communication conditions.
    Current Issues in Social Psychology, 6(12), 166-182. Retrieved from
    http://www.uiowa.edu/~grpproc/crisp/crisp.6.12.htm

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Retrieved from web address
作者，AA（年份）。作品名称。从网址检索

Kenney, G. M., Cook, A., & Pelletier, J. (2009). Prospects for reducing
    uninsured rates among children: How much can premium assistance
    programs help? Retrieved from Urban Institute website: http://
    www.urban.org/url.cfm?ID=411823

Online Report with No Author Identified and No Date
未注明作者和日期的在线报告

GVU's 1Oth WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www
    .cc.gatech.edu/user_surveys/survey-1998-10/