INTRODUCTION … 5 引言 … 5
A. How to use Conversion Notes … 5 A. 如何使用转换说明 … 5
B. Abbreviations … 5 B. 缩写 … 5
ACQUISITION OF BRITISH SOVEREIGNTY … 6 英国主权取得 … 6
A. Basis of British Jurisdiction in HK, the Assumption and Exercise of British Authority … 6 A. 英国在香港的司法依据，英国权力的假定与行使……6
B. The Unequal Treaties … 6 B. 不平等条约……6
C. The Colonial Constitution and the System of Government … 6 C. 殖民地宪法和政府体制……6
D. Human rights in the colonial constitution … 7 D. 殖民地宪法中的人权……7
E. Political Reform in the 1950s … 7 20 世纪 50 年代的政治改革 … 7
F. Development of the Administrative System … 7 行政制度的演变 … 7
G. Development of Representative government … 7 代议制的演变 … 7
RESUMPTION OF SOVEREIGNTY … 8 主权的恢复 … 8
A. Introduction. … 8 A. 简介。… 8
B. Sovereignty and Self-Determination … 8 B. 主权与自决…… 8
i. China’s position on self-determination. … 8 i. 中国对自决的立场…… 8
ii. Self-determination and the United Nations … 8 ii. 自决与联合国…… 8
C. Sino-British Negotiation and the JD in 1984 … 8 中英谈判与 1984 年的《中英联合声明》… 8
D. Drafting of the HK Basic Law (BL) … 9 《香港基本法》的起草… 9
E. Residual powers … 9 剩余权力… 9
F. Scope of Application of the Chinese Constitution … 9 中华人民共和国宪法的适用范围… 9
G. Structure of the HK Basic Law. … 10 G. 香港基本法的结构。 … 10
H. Transitional Issues … 10 H. 过渡问题 … 10
I. Patten’s Political Reforms in the 1990s - LegCo … 11 I. 1990 年代的帕顿政治改革 - 立法会 … 11
J. Breakdown of the Through Train model … 11 J. 直通车模式崩溃 … 11
K. Provisional Legislative Council and its Legality … 11 K. 临时立法会及其合法性 … 11
FRAMEWORK OF THE HONG KONG BASIC LAW … 12 香港基本法框架 … 12
A. Models of Autonomy … 12 A. 自治模式 … 12
B. Nature and Scope of Autonomy (as per the Joint Declaration) … 12 B. 自治的性质和范围（根据《中英联合声明》）… 12
C. Nature and Scope of Autonomy (as per the Basic Law) … 12 C. 自治的性质和范围（根据基本法）… 12
D. The Distinct Nature of the Basic Law … 13 D. 基本法的特点… 13
E. Objectives of Basic Law - General Principles. … 14 E. 基本法的目标 - 一般原则。… 14
F. Duration of HKSAR - 50 years? … 14 F. HKSAR 的任期 - 50 年？… 14
G. Relationship between Central Government and the HKSAR … 14 G. 中央政府与香港特别行政区的关系 … 14
i. As per the Joint Declaration … 14 i. 根据联合声明 … 14
ii. As per the Basic Law. … 15 ii. 根据基本法。 … 15
iii. Other powers of the HKSAR and NPC … 15 iii. 香港特别行政区和全国人民代表大会的其他权力 … 15
iv. Some Contentious Issues in the balance of power. … 15 iv. 一些权力平衡中的争议性问题。……15
v. Status of Residual Power: which entity owns power not expressly dealt with? … 15 v. 剩余权力的地位：哪个实体拥有未明确规定的权力？……15
THE POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM … 16 政治与行政体系……16
A. The Political Structure - Introduction … 16 A. 政治结构 - 简介……16
i. China’s Point of View … 16 i. 中国的立场 … 16
ii. British Ruling in the Past. … 16 ii. 过去的英国裁决。 … 16
B. Basic Principles - The Franchise. … 16 B. 基本原则 - 选举权。 … 16
i. General Rights in Franchise … 16 i. 选举权中的普遍权利 … 16
ii. Bill Of Rights Ordinance … 16 ii. 公民权利保障条例 … 16
iii. ICCPR … 16 iii. 公民权利和政治权利国际公约 … 16
iv. Functional Constituency … 16 iv. 功能组 … 16
C. Forms of Representation … 17 C. 代表形式 … 17
i. Election to the National People’s Congress (NPC) … 17 i. 选举产生全国人民代表大会（NPC）……17
ii. Election/appointment of the Chief Executive. … 17 ii. 选举/任命行政长官……17
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iii. Election to Leg Co … 17 iii. 选举立法会……17
D. Centralized and Consultative Government. … 17 D. 集权与协商政府……17
E. Separation of Powers or Executive-led Government? … 17 E. 分权制还是行政主导？……17
i. Judiciary … 17 i. 司法……17
ii. Check and Balances in Basic Law … 18 ii. 基本法中的制衡……18
F. The Rule of Law … 18 F. 法治……18
G. Election of the Legislative Council - Composition - Functional Constituencies … 18 G. 香港立法会选举 - 构成 - 功能组别 … 18
i. President of the Legislative Council … 18 i. 立法会主席 … 18
ii. Elections … 18 ii. 选举 … 18
iii. Changing the method for electing LegCo … 19 iii. 改变立法会选举方式 … 19
H. Break down of ‘through train model’ and the formation of the Provisional LegCo … 19 H. ‘通过列车模式’的分解和临时立法会的形成……19
I. Legislative Council - Powers and Functions. … 20 I. 立法会 - 职权和职能……20
J. Law making process (separation of powers - legislature vs executive) … 20 J. 立法程序（分权 - 立法机关与行政机关）……20
i. Legislature vs Executive (checks and balances). … 20 i. 立法机关与行政机关（制衡）……20
K. Supervision of Executive and Parliamentary Enquiry … 21 K. 监督行政和议会调查 … 21
L. Public Finance (method for legislature to ‘check’ executive action) … 21 L. 公共财政（立法机关“监督”行政行为的手段） … 21
M. Executive Government of the HKSAR and the Chief Executive in Council … 21 M. 香港特别行政区政府和行政长官会同行政会议 … 21
i. Public Service … 22 i. 公务员 … 22
N. The Chief Executive. … 22 N. 首长。……22
O. Changes to method for selecting the Chief Executive … 23 O. 修改选举首长的办法……23
P. Impeachment of the Chief Executive … 23 P. 首长的弹劾……23
Q. Objective of the Political System … 23 Q. 政治体制的目标……23
R. Contradictions in the Political System … 23 R.政治制度中的矛盾……23
i. Argument that HK’s political system is dysfunctional, perhaps because of the separation of powers between legislative and executive … 23 i. 有人认为香港政治体制运作不良，或许是因为立法权和行政权分立……23
ii. Argument that concerns about the executive government’s weakness is exaggerated … 24 ii. 有人认为，对行政政府软弱的担忧被夸大了……24
iii. “Slowing Down” VS “Political development” … 24 iii. “放缓” VS “政治发展” … 24
iv. “Business Community” VS “CA” … 24 iv. “商业界” VS “法院” … 24
v. “Executive-led government” … 24 v. “行政主导型政府” … 24
vi. China Intervention … 24 vi. 中国干预 … 24
vii. Xinhua News Agency … 24 vii. 新华社 … 24
S. Neutrality of the Civil Service and the Ministerial System … 25 S. 公务员的中立性和部长制度 … 25
T. Language of the Legal System … 25 T. 法律体系的语言 … 25
U. Relationship with Chinese Legal System … 26 U. 与中国法律体系的关系 … 26
CONSTITUTIONAL JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE HKSAR. … 26 HKSAR 法院的宪法管辖权。 … 26
A. Parliamentary sovereignty and its application to the HKSAR - judicial review … 26 A. 议会主权及其在香港特别行政区的适用 - 司法审查 … 26
B. Acts of State and Facts of State … 27 B. 国家行为与事实行为 … 27
i. Acts of State … 27 i. 国家行为 … 27
ii. Acts of States … 27 ii. 国家行为 … 27
iii. Scope of ‘acts of state’ under the Basic Law … 28 iii. 《基本法》中“国家行为”的范围 … 28
C. Judicial Review of HKSAR Legislation … 28 C. 对香港特别行政区立法的司法审查 … 28
i. Argument that HK courts have no power to review HKSAR legislation. … 28 i. 认为香港法院无权审查香港特别行政区立法的论点。 … 28
ii. Argument that HK courts have power to review HKSAR legislation. … 28 ii. 认为香港法院有权审查香港特别行政区立法的论点。 … 28
iii. Judicial Review: Power to review laws and policies for conformity with Basic Law (Art.80) … 29 三. 司法复核：审查法律和政策是否符合基本法（第 80 条）……29
What are the limitations on Court’s power to judge? … 29 法院的审判权有哪些限制？……29
Judicial Immunity … 29 司法豁免权……29
D. Resolutions of the NPCSC … 29 D. 全国人大常委会的决议……29
INTERPRETATION AND AMENDMENT OF THE BASIC LAW … 30 解释和修改基本法 … 30
A. Scheme of Amendments to the Basic Law … 30 A. 基本法修改方案 … 30
B. The importance of Interpretation and Mode of interpretation … 30 B. 解释和解释方式的重要性 … 30
i. Situation 1: Dealing with inconsistency of Basic Law with previous law (Art. 158) … 30 i. 情况 1：处理基本法与先前法律的不一致（第 158 条）… 30
ii. Situation 2: Returning of Law passed by HKSAR Legislature (Art.17) … 30 ii. 情况 2：香港特别行政区立法会通过的法案的返还（第 17 条）……30
iii. Situation 3: Application of national Law in HKSAR. … 31 iii. 情况 3：国家法律在香港特别行政区的适用……31