Further Listening Unit 5 P 76
进一步收听单元 5 P 76
Conversation:
对话 ：
1 Why does the man look upset?
1 为什么这个男人看起来很不高兴？
A He isn’t satisfied with his team.
答：他对他的球队不满意。
B He has too much work to complete.
B 他有太多的工作要完成。
C He has met someone he doesn’t like.
C 他遇到了他不喜欢的人。
D He is afraid of his demanding manager.
D 他害怕他苛刻的经理。
2 How does the woman say she can help the man?
2 女人怎么说她可以帮助男人呢？
A She can get more people to work on his team.
答：她可以让更多的人加入他的团队。
B She can join his team to work for him herself.
B 她可以加入他的团队，自己为他工作。
C She can help him do his work in her free time.
C 她可以在空闲时间帮助他做他的工作。
D She can get his manager to reduce his workload.
D 她可以让他的经理减少他的工作量。
3 What advice does the woman give to the man?
3 女人对男人有什么建议呢？
A He should learn to deal with pressure.
答：他应该学会应对压力。
B He should have confidence in himself.
B 他应该对自己有信心。
C He should feel free to ask others for help.
C 他应该随时向他人寻求帮助。
D He should accept more people into his team.
D 他应该接受更多的人加入他的团队。
4 Why is the restaurant called 365?
4 为什么餐厅叫 365？
A It serves 365 different dishes.
A 它提供 365 种不同的菜肴。
B It is open for business every day.
B 每天营业。
C It is located at No. 365 on Sixth Street.
C 它位于第六街 365 号。
D It offers seasonal foods all year round.
D 全年提供时令美食。
Scripts:
脚本：
W: Hey, John! Everything’s OK? You look upset.
W：嘿，John！一切都还好吗？你看起来很沮丧。
M: Oh, hi Kate. I was in the cafeteria eating alone. James from accounting walked by, sat down to eat at the table right next to me – didn’t say a single word to me. I wondered why.
M：哦，嗨，Kate。我一个人在自助餐厅吃饭。会计的 James 走过， 在我旁边的桌子上坐下吃饭——没有和我说一句话。我想知道为什么。
W: Is that the main thing stressing you out, John?
W：John，这是让你感到压力的主要因素吗？
M: No, I was silly to feel bad about that. What I am stressed about is my workload. My manager, Steven, is a great guy. He always counts on me to get the work done. But I have five meetings this week and two big projects to complete by next Monday. I don’t see how I can finish. I’m really worried I’ll let my team down.
M：不，我为此感到难过是愚蠢的。我感到压力的是我的工作量。我的经理 Steven 是个很棒的人。他总是指望我完成工作。但我本周有五次会议，下周一之前要完成两个大项目。我不知道我该如何完成。我真的很担心我会让我的团队失望。
W: I have some free time on Friday and over the weekend. I can help you with your extra work if you’d like. I know that feeling of being overwhelmed with work. It’s awful. I’d like to help.
W：我在周五和周末有一些空闲时间。如果你愿意，我可以帮你做额外的工作。我知道那种被工作压得喘不过气来的感觉。这太糟糕了。我想帮忙。
M: Really? You’d do that for me?
师父：真的吗？你会为我做那个吗？
W: Of course I will! John, a lot of us really admire your work. Some of us have asked to work on your team. You’re a great example to us, John. You shouldn’t doubt yourself. I’m glad to help out.
W：我当然会！John，我们很多人真的很钦佩你的工作。我们中的一些人要求在您的团队中工作。约翰，你是我们的好榜样。你不应该怀疑自己。我很高兴能帮忙。
M: Wow, Kate. Thanks!
M：哇，Kate。谢谢！
W: We could … discuss it over dinner on Thursday. My treat!
W：我们可以......在周四的晚餐时讨论这个问题。我的款待！
M: Wow. No ... I mean I get to buy dinner, Kate! How about the new restaurant on Sixth Street, 365? It’s called 365 because it offers local, seasonal foods – fall, winter, spring, and summer – healthy choices with wonderful fresh fruits and vegetables. Let’s meet at 7 p.m.
M：哇。不。。。我是说我可以买晚饭了，Kate！第六街 365 号的新餐厅怎么样？它被称为 365 是因为它提供当地的时令食品——秋季、冬季、春季和夏季——健康的选择，包括美味的新鲜水果和蔬菜。让我们在晚上 7 点见面。
W: Sounds wonderful! I’ve heard great things about 365, and I’m excited to try it out.
W：听起来很棒！我听说过 365 的精彩之处，我很高兴能尝试一下。
M: Sure, you’ll love it, Kate. And thank you again for offering to help. You are such an awesome colleague and friend.
M：当然，你会喜欢的，Kate。再次感谢您的帮助。您是一位了不起的同事和朋友。
W: No problem, John. We all need a little help every now and then. So, see you on Thursday, at 7 p.m.
W：没问题，John。我们时不时地都需要一点帮助。所以，周四晚上 7 点见。
Passage:
通道 ：
1 What prediction is made by the global organization mentioned in the passage?
1 这段经文中提到的全球性组织作了什么预测呢？
A Type II diabetes will become the most common kind of disease.
II 型糖尿病将成为最常见的疾病类型。
B Diabetes rates among children and young people will be increasing.
B 儿童和年轻人的糖尿病发病率将会增加。
C The issue of being overweight can hardly be solved in many countries.
C 超重的问题在许多国家几乎无法解决。
D Over half of the world’s population could be overweight or obese by 2035.
D 到 2035 年，世界上一半以上的人口可能超重或肥胖。
2 What are considered the primary causes of the growing issue of being overweight or obese?
2 超重或肥胖问题日益严重的主要原因是什么 ？
A Genetic factors and the increase in age.
A 遗传因素和年龄的增长。
B Increased risks of disease and stress in life.
B 增加患病和生活压力的风险。
C High-calorie foods and insufficient exercise.
C 高热量食物和运动不足。
D High blood sugar and poor body composition.
D 血糖高和身体成分差。
3 Compared to men who were just overweight, how much higher is the risk of diabetes for men who were obese, according to one study?
3 根据一项研究，与超重的男性相比，肥胖男性患糖尿病的风险高出多少？
A Three times higher.
A 高出三倍。
B Four times higher.
B 高出四倍。
C Five and a half times higher.
C 高出 5 倍半。
D Three and a half times higher.
D 高出三倍半。
4 What is the primary purpose of the passage?
4 这段话的主要目的是什么？
A To give suggestions on how to maintain a healthy body weight.
A 就如何保持健康的体重提供建议。
B To present statistics on the global issue of overweight and obesity.
B 介绍全球超重和肥胖问题的统计数据。
C To explain the link between weight and the risk of diabetes in older adults.
C 解释体重与老年人患糖尿病风险之间的联系。
D To report how researchers studied the risk of diabetes in older people.
D 报告研究人员如何研究老年人患糖尿病的风险。
Scripts:
脚本：
In recent years, doctors have focused on the growing rate of diabetes among children and young people. However, the most common kind of diabetes, type II, is more prevalent as people grow older and gain more weight. The statistics are alarming enough to make people want to stop eating immediately.
近年来，医生们一直关注儿童和年轻人中不断增长的糖尿病发病率。然而，最常见的糖尿病类型 II 型随着年龄的增长和体重的增加而变得更加普遍。统计数据令人震惊，足以让人们想立即停止进食。
According to a recent report from a global organization focused on obesity, 51 percent, or over four billion people, could be overweight or obese by 2035.
根据一家专注于肥胖症的全球组织最近的一份报告，到 2035 年，51% 或超过 40 亿人可能超重或肥胖。
Being overweight or obese is a growing problem in many countries. Food high in fat and sugar and a lack of physical activities are considered the primary causes of this global health issue.
在许多国家，超重或肥胖是一个日益严重的问题。高脂肪和高糖的食物以及缺乏体育锻炼被认为是这一全球健康问题的主要原因。
A team of researchers studied how body composition—specifically the ratio of lean tissue to fat—and increased weight affected the risk of diabetes in more than 4,000 adults, aged 65 and older.
一组研究人员研究了身体成分（特别是瘦组织与脂肪的比例）和体重增加如何影响 4,000 多名 65 岁及以上成年人患糖尿病的风险。
At the beginning of the study, none of the participants had been diagnosed with diabetes. The researchers tried to assess the relationship between being overweight or obese and the development of the disease through tracking their body mass index.
在研究开始时，没有参与者被诊断出患有糖尿病。研究人员试图通过跟踪他们的体重指数来评估超重或肥胖与疾病发展之间的关系。
According to the researchers, even among adults over the age of 75, having a higher body mass index was still associated with a considerably higher risk of diabetes. Men who were obese had a risk of diabetes that was five and a half times higher than those who were just overweight. For women, the risk was about three and a half times higher.
据研究人员称，即使在 75 岁以上的成年人中，体重指数较高仍与患糖尿病的风险高得多有关。肥胖男性患糖尿病的风险比超重男性高五倍半。对于女性来说，风险大约高出三倍半。
As hard as it might be, making sure your weight stays at a healthy level is the best way to keep the risk of diabetes down. The results of the research affirm the importance of weight control during the middle and later stages of life in terms of reducing the risk of diabetes.
尽管可能很困难，但确保您的体重保持在健康水平是降低糖尿病风险的最佳方法。研究结果肯定了在生命的中后期控制体重对降低患糖尿病风险的重要性。
Lectures:
讲座：
Lecture 1
第一讲
1 What did the researchers of the new study find about the meaning of happiness?
1 这项新研究的研究人员对幸福的含义有什么发现？
A It varies depending on geographical contexts.
答：它因地理环境而异。
B It is influenced by a self-centered worldview.
B 它受到以自我为中心的世界观的影响。
C It can be strongly affected by people’s lifestyles.
C 它会受到人们生活方式的强烈影响。
D It is primarily determined by personal success.
D 这主要取决于个人的成功。
2 How have Eastern ideologies influenced the concept of happiness in East Asian cultures?
2 东方意识形态如何影响东亚文化中的幸福概念？
A Happiness is conditional and varies from person to person.
A 幸福是有条件的，因人而异。
B Happiness is a process that connects everyone and everything.
B 幸福是一个连接每个人和一切的过程。
C Happiness is closely linked to the quality of social relationships.
C 幸福感与社会关系的质量密切相关。
D Happiness is defined by one’s adherence to traditional values.
D 幸福是由一个人对传统价值观的坚持来定义的。
3 In which countries did the happiness scale that emphasized independence prove to be most reliable according to the study?
3 根据这项研究，强调独立的幸福指数在哪些国家被证明是最可靠的？
A In Asian countries.
答：在亚洲国家。
B In African countries.
B 在非洲国家。
C In Central American countries.
C 在中美洲国家。
D In Western European countries.
D 在西欧国家。
4 What does the speaker intend to discuss in the lecture?
4 演讲者打算在讲座中讨论什么？
A The measurements of happiness across different countries.
答：不同国家/地区的幸福感衡量标准。
B The influence of cultural values on the concept of happiness.
B 文化价值观对幸福概念的影响。
C The difference between the Western and Eastern happiness scales.
C 东西方幸福指数之间的差异。
D The potential negative effects of a universal standard of happiness.
D 普遍幸福标准的潜在负面影响。
Scripts:
脚本：
What is happiness? This is a question that has intrigued philosophers, psychologists, and individuals around the world for centuries. In a new study from the University of California, Riverside, researchers analyzed how people define and measure happiness across 63 different countries. The experts found that the meaning of happiness varies depending on where people live.
什么是快乐？几个世纪以来，这个问题一直吸引着世界各地的哲学家、心理学家和个人。在加州大学河滨分校 （University of California， Riverside） 的一项新研究中，研究人员分析了 63 个不同国家/地区的人们如何定义和衡量幸福感。专家发现，幸福的含义因人们居住的地方而异。
Previously, studies about happiness had mostly focused on the Western world. Consequently, the predominant concept of happiness has been shaped by a self-centered worldview that emphasizes personal worthiness and self-gratification, and sees happiness primarily as personal success.
以前，关于幸福的研究主要集中在西方世界。因此，幸福的主流概念是由以自我为中心的世界观塑造的，这种世界观强调个人价值和自我满足，并将幸福主要视为个人成功。
However, this concept is not universal. According to the new study, while happiness is tied to independence in the West, Eastern happiness is closely related to interdependence.
然而，这个概念并不是普遍的。根据这项新研究，虽然西方的幸福感与独立有关，但东方的幸福感与相互依存密切相关。
The East Asian worldview has been described as one in which the self is more closely intertwined with others. As a result, personal happiness often depends on the quality of connections within social relationships. This is evident in Eastern ideologies such as Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, which emphasize the interconnectedness of everyone and everything, and prioritize harmony and balance over individual success. A good example of this is the tendency for people in East Asian countries to frequently associate “happiness” with “family”
东亚世界观被描述为自我与他人更紧密地交织在一起的世界观。因此，个人幸福感往往取决于社会关系中联系的质量。这在佛教、道家和儒家等东方意识形态中很明显，这些意识形态强调每个人和每件事的相互联系，并将和谐与平衡置于个人成功之上。一个很好的例子是东亚国家的人们经常将“幸福”与“家庭”联系起来.
This led the researchers to the new study to determine which tests of happiness would be most effective among 15,368 participants from 63 countries all over the world, including North and Central America, Europe, East and Southeast Asia, and Africa.
这促使研究人员进行了一项新研究，以确定在来自全球 15,368 个国家/地区的 63 名参与者中，哪些幸福测试最有效，包括北美和中美洲、欧洲、东亚和东南亚以及非洲。
The study was focused on two happiness scales. One was developed in the United States, and the other in Japan. The volunteers were surveyed online in 42 different languages.
该研究侧重于两个幸福量表。一个在美国开发，另一个在日本开发。志愿者接受了 42 种不同语言的在线调查。
The Western scale, which highlighted independence, proved to be most reliable for measuring happiness among people in Western European countries, including Belgium, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. However, the scale was not as effective at determining happiness in Eastern countries such as China, Japan, and Vietnam. It also performed poorly in African countries.
事实证明，强调独立的西方量表在衡量包括比利时、丹麦和英国在内的西欧国家人民的幸福感方面最可靠。然而，该量表在确定中国、日本和越南等东方国家的幸福感方面并不那么有效。它在非洲国家的表现也很差。
The Eastern scale, which stressed interdependence, was found to be most reliable in Asian countries, including China, the Republic of Korea, and Japan. The study showed that this interdependent measure of happiness did not vary nearly as much across countries as the independent measure.
强调相互依存的东方尺度在亚洲国家最为可靠，包括中国、韩国和日本。研究表明，这种相互依存的幸福感衡量标准在不同国家之间的差异几乎不如独立衡量标准那么大。
Based on this research, researchers concluded that the meaning of happiness can be influenced significantly by geographical contexts. The finding suggests that it is important for us to avoid imposing a universal standard of happiness, but instead, embrace the diversity of values existing among different cultures and communities.
基于这项研究，研究人员得出结论，幸福的含义会受到地理环境的显着影响。研究结果表明，重要的是我们要避免强加一个普遍的幸福标准，而是要接受不同文化和社区中存在的价值观多样性。
Lecture 2:
第 2 讲：
1 How do we typically set conditions for our happiness according to the speaker?
1 根据说话者的说法，我们通常如何为我们的幸福设定条件？
A By constantly changing our life goals.
A 通过不断改变我们的人生目标。
B By waiting for the perfect time to be happy.
B 通过等待快乐的最佳时机。
C By setting small goals for our everyday life.
C 为我们的日常生活设定小目标。
D By comparing our conditions to those of others.
D 将我们的状况与他人的情况进行比较。
2 Why does the speaker mention the study conducted by Harvard University?
2 为什么演讲者提到哈佛大学进行的研究？
A To argue that happiness can be affected by various factors.
答：认为幸福感会受到各种因素的影响。
B To provide a historical context for the science of happiness.
B 为幸福科学提供历史背景。
C To support the view that happiness is significant to well-being.
C 支持幸福感对幸福感很重要的观点。
D To promote the idea that happiness is a pleasant emotional state.
D 推广幸福是一种令人愉悦的情绪状态的理念。
3 Why do some people fail to recognize happiness in everyday life?
3 为什么有些人在日常生活中没有认识到快乐？
A They neglect to appreciate the small pleasures in life.
答：他们忽视了生活中的小乐趣。
B They lack meaningful connections with people around them.
B 他们缺乏与周围人有意义的联系。
C They focus too much on what they have experienced in the past.
C 他们太关注他们过去的经历。
D They don’t know what responsibilities to take to achieve happiness.
D 他们不知道该承担什么责任才能获得幸福。
4 What does the speaker aim to convey about happiness?
4 演讲者想要传达的幸福是什么？
A Happiness is the key to leading a fulfilling and meaningful life.
A 幸福是过上充实而有意义的生活的关键。
B Happiness may not be a natural consequence of adult responsibilities.
B 快乐可能不是成人责任的自然结果。
C Happiness can be genuinely achieved after one realizes their goals in life.
C 幸福可以在一个人实现自己的人生目标后真正实现。
D Happiness is a choice that can be made despite challenging circumstances.
D Happiness 是一个可以在充满挑战的情况下做出的选择。
Scripts:
脚本：
We place a lot of conditions on our happiness. We tell ourselves that we’ll be happy when we land our dream job, find love, buy our dream house, travel the world – the list can go on endlessly, and we can spend our lives waiting for the perfect conditions for our happiness.
我们对自己的幸福设定了很多条件。我们告诉自己，当我们找到梦想的工作、找到爱情、购买梦想中的房子、环游世界时，我们会很快乐——这个清单可以无休止地列出，我们可以花一生的时间等待幸福的完美条件。
But the reality is that happiness is not about having, achieving, acquiring, or arriving. Happiness is a choice. We can choose to be happy by seeing the good amongst the challenges.
但现实是，幸福不是拥有、获得、获得或到达。快乐是一种选择。我们可以选择通过在挑战中看到好的一面来快乐。
Happiness is often defined as a pleasant emotional state characterized by feelings of joy and satisfaction. But happiness is more than just a positive state of mind. It also brings physiological benefits such as a longer life span and a stronger, more resilient and robust immune system. Happiness also makes us more likable and helps us to enjoy greater satisfaction in life. A longitudinal study to examine what makes people happy and healthy initiated by Harvard University in the 1930s determined that the high level of happiness in one’s daily life was a huge factor in good health and longevity.
幸福通常被定义为一种愉快的情绪状态，其特征是喜悦和满足的感觉。但快乐不仅仅是一种积极的心态。它还带来生理益处，例如更长的寿命和更强壮、更有弹性和更强壮的免疫系统。快乐也让我们更讨人喜欢，帮助我们在生活中享受更大的满足感。哈佛大学在 1930 年代发起的一项旨在研究什么使人们快乐和健康的纵向研究确定，一个人日常生活中的高水平幸福感是身体健康和长寿的一个重要因素。
However, some of us can fail to recognize happiness as an integral part of everyday life. When we were children, we lived in the moment, fully alive and awake in the present. But as we grow older, we take on more roles and responsibilities. We may gradually lose the ability to engage with and find joy in the small pleasures of life.
然而，我们中的一些人可能无法认识到幸福是日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。当我们还是孩子的时候，我们活在当下，完全活着，清醒地活在当下。但随着年龄的增长，我们承担了更多的角色和责任。我们可能会逐渐失去参与生活的小乐趣并在其中找到快乐的能力。
By the time we reach adulthood, we have gotten used to working and striving to build the life we desire. Being exhausted at the end of each day can become a way of life. Hence, most of us tend to postpone our happiness.
当我们成年时，我们已经习惯了工作并努力建立我们想要的生活。每天结束时筋疲力尽可以成为一种生活方式。因此，我们大多数人倾向于推迟我们的快乐。
But happiness postponed can be happiness lost, and life can become a series of missed opportunities. If we focus on what we are lacking, we’ll be like passengers on an aircraft, waiting for happiness to touch down.
但是推迟的快乐可能是快乐的丧失，生活可能会变成一系列错失的机会。如果我们专注于我们所缺乏的，我们将像飞机上的乘客一样，等待幸福降落。
So, it is essential that we realize life takes place in the present. If we think too much about the past or wonder too much about the future, we can easily distract ourselves from what is really important today. Only in the present can we interact with others, seize new opportunities, and make choices that will positively impact our lives. We do not need to wait for our ideal life to be happy. Happiness is something we can have every day, starting right here and right now.
因此，我们必须意识到生活发生在当下。如果我们过多地思考过去或过多地思考未来，我们很容易分散自己的注意力，而忽略了今天真正重要的事情。只有在当下，我们才能与他人互动，抓住新的机会，并做出对我们的生活产生积极影响的选择。我们不需要等待我们的理想生活才快乐。快乐是我们每天都可以拥有的东西，从此时此地开始。
Keys:
钥匙：
Conversation: B C B D
对话： B C B D
Passage: D C C C
通道： D， C C C
Lecture 1: A C D B
第 1 讲：A C D B
Lecture 2: B C A D
第二讲：B C A D