DOJ Will Push Google to Sell Chrome to Break Search Monopoly
美国司法部将推动谷歌出售 Chrome 以打破搜索垄断

Top Justice Department antitrust officials have decided to ask a judge to force Alphabet Inc.’s Google to sell off its Chrome browser in what would be a historic crackdown on one of the world’s biggest tech companies.
美国司法部的反垄断官员决定请求法官强制Alphabet Inc.的谷歌出售其 Chrome 浏览器，这将是对全球最大科技公司之一的历史性打击。

The department will ask the judge, who ruled in August that Google illegally monopolized the search market, to require measures related to artificial intelligence and its Android smartphone operating system, according to people familiar with the plans.
该部门将要求在八月裁定谷歌非法垄断搜索市场的法官，采取与人工智能及其 Android 智能手机操作系统相关的措施，消息人士透露。

Antitrust officials, along with states that have joined the case, also plan to recommend Wednesday that federal judge Amit Mehta impose data licensing requirements, said the people, who asked not to be named discussing a confidential matter.
反垄断官员以及参与此案的各州还计划在周三建议联邦法官阿米特·梅赫塔施加数据许可要求，消息人士表示，他们要求不透露姓名以讨论机密事项。

If Mehta accepts the proposals, they have the potential to reshape the online search market and the burgeoning AI industry. The case was filed under the first Trump administration and continued under President Joe Biden. It marks the most aggressive effort to rein in a technology company since Washington unsuccessfully sought to break up Microsoft Corp. two decades ago.
如果梅赫塔接受这些提案，它们有潜力重塑在线搜索市场和蓬勃发展的人工智能产业。此案是在特朗普第一任期内提起的，并在乔·拜登总统任内继续进行。这标志着自华盛顿二十年前未能成功拆分微软公司以来，对科技公司的最强硬的监管努力。

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Owning the world’s most popular web browser is key for Google’s ads business. The company is able to see activity from signed-in users, and use that data to more effectively target promotions, which generate the bulk of its revenue. Google has also been using Chrome to direct users to its flagship AI product, Gemini, which has the potential to evolve from an answer-bot to an assistant that follows users around the web.
拥有全球最受欢迎的网络浏览器对谷歌的广告业务至关重要。该公司能够看到已登录用户的活动，并利用这些数据更有效地定位促销，这为其收入的主要来源。谷歌还一直在利用 Chrome 将用户引导到其旗舰 AI 产品 Gemini，该产品有潜力从一个回答机器人演变为一个在网络上跟随用户的助手。

Lee-Anne Mulholland, Google’s vice president of regulatory affairs, said the Justice Department “continues to push a radical agenda that goes far beyond the legal issues in this case.” She added, “the government putting its thumb on the scale in these ways would harm consumers, developers and American technological leadership at precisely the moment it is most needed.”
李安妮·穆尔霍兰，谷歌的监管事务副总裁，表示司法部“继续推动一个远远超出本案法律问题的激进议程。”她补充道：“政府以这种方式施加影响，将在最需要的时候损害消费者、开发者和美国的技术领导地位。”

The Justice Department declined to comment.
司法部拒绝发表评论。

Google shares fell as much as 1.8% to $172.16 in late trading. They had been up 25% this year through the close.
谷歌股票在盘后交易中下跌了最多 1.8%，至 172.16 美元。今年截至收盘时，它们上涨了 25%。

Chrome Access Chrome 访问

Antitrust enforcers want the judge to order Google to sell off Chrome — the most widely used browser worldwide — because it represents a key access point through which many people use its search engine, the people said.
反垄断执法者希望法官命令谷歌出售 Chrome——全球使用最广泛的浏览器——因为它是许多人使用其搜索引擎的关键入口点，知情人士表示。

The government has the option to decide whether a Chrome sale is necessary at a later date if some of the other aspects of the remedy create a more competitive market, the people added. The Chrome browser controls about 61% of the market in the US, according to StatCounter, a web traffic analytics service.
政府可以选择在稍后决定 Chrome 销售是否必要，如果补救措施的其他方面创造了更具竞争力的市场，相关人士补充道。根据网络流量分析服务 StatCounter，Chrome 浏览器在美国的市场份额约为 61%。

Government attorneys met with dozens of companies over the past three months as they prepared the recommendation. States are still considering adding some proposals and some details could change, the people said.
政府律师在过去三个月与几十家公司会面，准备建议。知情人士表示，各州仍在考虑添加一些提案，某些细节可能会发生变化。

The antitrust officials pulled back from a more severe option that would have forced Google to sell off Android, the people said.
反垄断官员放弃了一个更严厉的选择，该选择将迫使谷歌出售安卓，知情人士表示。

Alphabet’s Google Bracing for Antitrust Rigmarole: Legal Outlook
字母表的谷歌准备应对反垄断的麻烦：法律前景

Google Appeal 谷歌申诉

Mehta’s August ruling that Google broke antitrust laws in both online search and search text ads markets followed a 10-week trial last year. The company has said it plans to appeal.
梅赫塔在八月份的裁决中认为谷歌在在线搜索和搜索文本广告市场违反了反垄断法，此裁决是在去年的 10 周审判后作出的。该公司表示计划上诉。

The judge has set a two-week hearing in April on what changes Google must make to remedy the illegal behavior and plans to issue a final ruling by August 2025.
法官已定于四月举行为期两周的听证会，讨论谷歌必须采取哪些措施来纠正非法行为，并计划在 2025 年 8 月之前发布最终裁决。

The agency and the states have settled on recommending that Google be required to license the results and data from its popular search engine and give websites more options to prevent their content from being used by Google’s artificial intelligence products, said the people.
该机构和各州已达成一致，建议要求谷歌许可其流行搜索引擎的结果和数据，并为网站提供更多选项，以防止其内容被谷歌的人工智能产品使用，相关人士表示。

The antitrust enforcers are set to propose that Google uncouple its Android smartphone operating system from its other products, including search and its Google Play mobile app store, which are now sold as a bundle, the people said. They are also prepared to seek a requirement that Google share more information with advertisers and give them more control over where their ads appear.
反垄断执法者准备提议谷歌将其 Android 智能手机操作系统与其他产品（包括搜索和谷歌 Play 移动应用商店）分开，这些产品目前作为一个整体出售。消息人士表示，他们还准备寻求要求谷歌与广告商分享更多信息，并让他们对广告出现的位置拥有更多控制权。

Read more: US Weighs Google Breakup in Historic Big Tech Antitrust Case
阅读更多：美国在历史性的科技巨头反垄断案中考虑谷歌拆分

Lawyers from the Justice Department and state attorneys general included all of those options in an initial filing in October, as well as a ban on the type of exclusive contracts that were at the center of the case against Google.
司法部的律师和州检察长在十月份的初步文件中包含了所有这些选项，以及对在针对谷歌案件中心的独占合同类型的禁令。

A forced spin-off, if it happens, would also hinge on finding an interested buyer. Those who could afford and might want the property, like Amazon.com Inc., are also facing antitrust scrutiny that may prevent such a mega-deal.
如果发生强制分拆，也将取决于找到一个感兴趣的买家。那些能够负担得起并可能想要该资产的公司，如亚马逊公司，也面临着可能阻止此类大型交易的反垄断审查。

“My view is this is extremely unlikely,” Mandeep Singh, a Bloomberg Intelligence analyst, said in an email. But, he added, he could see a buyer like OpenAI, the maker of artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT. “That would give it both distribution and an ads business to complement its consumer chatbot subscriptions.”
“我的看法是这极不可能，”彭博情报分析师曼迪普·辛格在一封电子邮件中说。但他补充道，他可以看到像 OpenAI 这样的买家，OpenAI 是人工智能聊天机器人 ChatGPT 的制造商。“这将为它提供分销和广告业务，以补充其消费者聊天机器人订阅。”

AI Overviews 人工智能概述

Google now displays artificial intelligence-based answers at the top of its search pages billed as “AI Overviews.” While websites can opt-out of having their information used by Google to create AI models, they can’t afford to opt out of the overviews because that would risk pushing them down in search results, making it harder to reach their customers.
谷歌现在在其搜索页面顶部显示基于人工智能的答案，称为“AI 概述”。虽然网站可以选择不让谷歌使用它们的信息来创建 AI 模型，但它们无法选择不参与概述，因为这将使它们在搜索结果中排名下降，从而更难接触到客户。

Website publishers have complained that the feature dampens traffic and advertising dollars since users rarely click through to see the data being used to power those results.
网站发布者抱怨该功能降低了流量和广告收入，因为用户很少点击查看用于支持这些结果的数据。

Earlier: Google’s AI Search Gives Sites Dire Choice: Share Data or Die
早些时候：谷歌的人工智能搜索给网站带来了严峻的选择：分享数据或死亡

Regarding data licensing, the antitrust enforcers plan to propose two options: That Google sell the underlying “click and query” data and also separately syndicate its search results, according to the people.
关于数据许可，反垄断执法者计划提出两个选项：让谷歌出售基础的“点击和查询”数据，并单独联合其搜索结果， 据相关人士透露。

The company currently sells syndicated search results, but with restrictions, such as preventing their use on mobile. Forcing Google to syndicate its search results would allow rival search engines and AI startups to quickly improve their quality, while the data feed would allow others to build their own search index.
该公司目前销售联合搜索结果，但有一些限制，例如禁止在移动设备上使用。强迫谷歌联合其搜索结果将使竞争对手的搜索引擎和人工智能初创公司迅速提高其质量，而数据馈送将允许其他人建立自己的搜索索引。