Unit 1 Knowing yourself
第1章认识自己
听力listening:
听力listening：
eight stages of development
八个发展阶段
Helpful ways to know yourself
了解自己的有用方法
1 “Know thyself.” These famous words are often incorrectly attributed to the Greek philosopher Socrates. But what exactly do you know when you “know yourself ”? Let’s look at several different areas of our lives and think about what we can learn about ourselves from those areas.
1、“认识你自己”这些著名的话往往被错误地归因于希腊哲学家苏格拉底。但是当你“了解自己“的时候，你到底知道什么？让我们看看我们生活中的几个不同领域，想想我们可以从这些领域了解自己。
2. The first and most important area is your values. These are the principles and practices that you think are important to follow in your life. There are many different values in life, and not all of them go together. Does adopting a particular set of values make you feel happier, healthier, and more content, and give you a greater sense of meaning and purpose in life? Research suggests that adopting intrinsic values such as social responsibility, a desire for personal growth, and meaningful relationships can lead to greater happiness and overall life satisfaction compared to extrinsic values like financial success, physical attractiveness, and social recognition.
2. 第一个也是最重要的方面是你的价值观。这些是你认为在生活中应该遵循的重要原则和做法。生活中有许多不同的价值观，并不是所有的价值观都是一致的。接受一套特定的价值观是否会让你感到更快乐、更健康、更满足，并让你对生活的意义和目标有更大的认识？研究表明，与经济成功、身体吸引力和社会认可等外在价值观相比，采用社会责任、个人成长愿望和有意义的关系等内在价值观可以带来更大的幸福感和整体生活满意度。
3 Psychology experiments demonstrate that worthwhile values can provide you with the necessary motivation to keep going even when you are exhausted. Therefore, it is important to create and maintain worthy values, and take healthy actions.
3心理学实验表明，有价值的价值观可以为你提供必要的动力，即使你已经筋疲力尽。因此，重要的是要创造和维护有价值的价值观，并采取健康的行动。
4 Another important thing to figure out in life is what your life goals are, or what your life mission is. When you are young, you might think your life goal is to create great art, and so you decide to be a musician. Later, you realize that your life goal is to help others, so you train to be a physician or an emergency medical technician. How, then, can you identify your life goals more accurately? One way is to think about the experiences that have been the most meaningful to you. They offer a clue about your life goals. Your knowledge of your life goals can guide you in your choice of career and other important decisions.
4生活中另一件重要的事情是弄清楚你的生活目标是什么，或者你的生活使命是什么。当你年轻的时候，你可能认为你的人生目标是创造伟大的艺术，所以你决定成为一名音乐家。后来，你意识到你的人生目标是帮助他人，所以你接受了成为一名医生或紧急医疗技术人员的培训。那么，如何才能更准确地确定自己的人生目标呢？一种方法是思考那些对你最有意义的经历。它们为你的人生目标提供了线索。你对人生目标的了解可以指导你选择职业和其他重要决定。
5 Added to your values and your goals is your temperament. Your temperament covers a wide range of things about you. What those things have in common is that they are inborn preferences. You might be an introvert, which means you restore your energy from being alone. Or you might be an extrovert, and restore your energy from being with other people. Maybe you make decisions based on analysis. Or perhaps you prefer to follow your feelings. Maybe you love details. Or you may prefer big ideas. These things are all part of your inborn temperament. Knowing your preferences can help you make decisions that will suit you best.
5除了你的价值观和目标之外，还有你的气质。你的气质涵盖了你的很多方面。这些东西的共同点是它们是天生的偏好。你可能是一个内向的人，这意味着你会从独处中恢复精力。或者你可能是一个外向的人，从与其他人在一起中恢复你的能量。也许你会根据分析做出决定。或者你更喜欢跟随你的感觉。也许你喜欢细节。或者你可能更喜欢大的想法。这些都是你与生俱来的气质。了解自己的偏好可以帮助你做出最适合自己的决定。
6 After your temperament, you can think about your strengths. Your strengths are not limited to your talents, skills, and abilities. Some of your greatest strengths include your character strengths, such as loyalty, fairness, emotional intelligence, and respect for others. Knowing your strengths is a way to improve your self-confidence.
6在你的气质之后，你可以思考你的优势。你的优势并不局限于你的天赋、技能和能力。你最大的优点包括你的性格优势，比如忠诚、公平、情商和尊重他人。了解自己的优势是增强自信的一种方法。
7 Other people can help you identify your strengths. Try listening for compliments and noticing skills that could be clues to your strengths. For example, what if someone says you have a soothing voice? Maybe you could get a job voicing audiobooks or become a radio presenter. Likewise, being aware of your weaknesses can enable you to be honest with yourself about the areas where you lack proficiency. You may choose to either overcome those weaknesses or minimize their impact on your personal or work life.
其他人可以帮助你识别自己的优势。试着倾听别人的赞美，注意那些可能是你优势的线索的技能。例如，如果有人说你有一个舒缓的声音？也许你可以找一份有声读物的工作，或者成为一名电台主持人。同样，意识到自己的弱点可以让你对自己缺乏熟练度的领域诚实。你可以选择克服这些弱点，或者尽量减少它们对你个人或工作生活的影响。
8 You also need to understand your biological rhythms. One simple question to ask is whether you are an “early bird” (a morning person), or a “night owl” (an evening person). Some people work best early in the day, while some others feel more energetic at night. Trying to do all your work at the wrong time (for you) will leave you feeling tired and moody, and with little accomplished.
8.你还需要了解自己的生物节律。一个简单的问题是你是一个“早起的鸟”（一个早上的人），还是一个“夜猫子”（一个晚上的人）。有些人在白天工作得最好，而有些人在晚上感觉更有活力。试图在错误的时间完成所有的工作（对你来说）会让你感到疲惫和喜怒无常，而且几乎没有成就。
9 Finding a roommate who shares similar biological rhythms may bring great joy to your life. You can easily coordinate your bedtime routine and wake up together. If both of you are early birds, you can plan to go for a morning walk together, which can help you bond and stay healthy. Although this may seem insignificant compared to important values, your daily life is more enjoyable when you are in sync with your biology. When you don’t waste energy pretending to be someone you aren’t, it becomes easier to appreciate life in all aspects.
9找一个生物节律相似的室友可能会给你的生活带来巨大的乐趣。你可以很容易地协调你的就寝时间，并一起醒来。如果你们两个都是早起的鸟儿，你可以计划早上一起去散步，这可以帮助你们建立联系并保持健康。虽然这与重要的价值观相比似乎微不足道，但当你与你的生物体同步时，你的日常生活会更加愉快。当你不浪费精力去假装自己是别人时，你会更容易从各个方面欣赏生活。
10 Finally, consider your interests. They include your hobbies, and especially things that you are passionate about over a sustained length of time. If you are very lucky, you will be able to turn your deepest interests into a career. To identify your areas of interest, you can consider some essential questions like: What do I concentrate on? What topics do I find fascinating? What issues bother me? When you have a strong curiosity toward something, it can give you clues to your deepest passions.
10最后，考虑一下你的兴趣。它们包括你的爱好，特别是你在一段持续的时间内充满激情的事情。如果你非常幸运，你将能够把你最深的兴趣变成一份职业。为了确定你感兴趣的领域，你可以考虑一些基本的问题，比如：我专注于什么？我觉得哪些主题很吸引人？什么问题困扰着我？当你对某件事有强烈的好奇心时，它会给你最深处的激情提供线索。
11 The more you know about these areas of your life and character, the more energy and confidence you will have. You’ll feel more motivated to appreciate life, grow as a person, improve yourself, and connect with others.
11你对自己生活和性格的这些方面了解得越多，你就会越有活力和信心。你会感到更有动力去欣赏生活，成长为一个人，提高自己，并与他人联系。
说Speaking: the good old days
说Speaking：February 2009
精读Intensive reading
精读强化阅读
Catching crabs
抓螃蟹
1 In the fall of our final year at college, our mood changed. The idle days and relaxed atmosphere of the preceding summer semester had disappeared. We all started to get our heads down, studying late, and attendance at classes rose steeply again. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here. We realized we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. We knew that any errors at this stage would be costly. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so peer pressure to succeed was fierce. Libraries were even standing room only until the early hours of the morning.
1在大学最后一年的秋天，我们的情绪发生了变化。前一个夏季学期的悠闲日子和轻松气氛已经消失了。我们都开始低着头，学习到很晚，上课出勤率又急剧上升。我们都感觉到我们在这里的逗留即将结束。我们意识到再也不会有这样的机会了，我们决心不浪费它，我们知道在这个阶段任何错误都将付出代价。当然，最重要的是第二年4月和5月的期末考试。没有人想在班上最后一名完成的耻辱，所以同龄人的成功压力是激烈的。图书馆甚至只有站的地方，直到凌晨。
2 But there was something else. At the back of everyone's mind was what we would do when we left university in a few months. Most people were looking either to continue their studies, or to find a white-collar job in a bank or local government, or anything which would pay them enough to secure a comfortable life in their early twenties, and then settle down with a family, a mortgage, and some hope of promotion.
2 、还有别的事情&每个人心里都在想几个月后我们离开大学后会做什么。大多数人要么继续深造，要么在银行或地方政府里找一份白领工作，要么在二十出头的时候找一份能让他们过上舒适生活的工作，然后成家，抵押贷款，还有晋升的希望。nbsp;你好
3 During my customary visit home for Thanksgiving, inevitably my brothers and sisters kept asking me what I was planning to do. I thought they'd probably criticize me for my plans, so I told them what everyone else was thinking of doing.
在 我 习惯性 地回家过感恩节的时候， 我的兄弟姐妹篇们不可避免地一直问我打算做什么。我想他们可能会批评我的计划，所以我告诉他们其他人都在想做什么。nbsp;你好
4 My father was watching me but saying nothing. Late in the evening, he invited me to his study and poured us a drink.
4 我父亲看着我，却什么也没说。深夜，他邀请我到他的书房，给我们倒了一杯酒。nbsp;你好
5 "So?" he said.
5 “所以呢？”他说。nbsp;你好
6 "Er … so what?"
6 “呃……那又怎么样？"
7 "So what do you really want to do?" he asked.
7 、“你到底想做什么？”“他问。nbsp;你好
8 My father was a lawyer, and I had always assumed he wanted me to go to law school, and follow his path through life. So I hesitated.
我 父亲是一名 律师，我一直以为他希望我去法学院，并遵循他的人生道路。所以我犹豫了。nbsp;你好
9 Then I replied, "I want to travel, and I want to be a writer."
9 然后我回答说：“我想旅行，我想成为一名作家。"
10 This was not the answer I thought he would expect. Travel? Where? A writer? About what? I instinctively braced myself for some resistance to the idea. I was certain he would dismiss it as impulsive.
10 这不是我想他会期待的答案。旅行？哪里？作家？关于什么？&我本能地做好准备，准备对这个想法进行抵制。我肯定他会认为这是一时冲动而不予考虑。nbsp;你好
11 There was a long silence.
11 有一个长时间的沉默。nbsp;你好
12 "Interesting idea," he said finally.
12 “有趣的想法，“他最后说。nbsp;你好
13 There was another long silence.
13 又是一阵长时间的沉默。nbsp;你好
14 "I kind of wish I'd done that when I was your age."
“ 我有点希望我在你这个年纪的时候就这么做了。"
15 I waited.
15 我等着。nbsp;你好
16 "You have plenty of time. You don't need to go immediately into a career which pays well. You need to find out what you really enjoy now, because if you don't, you won't be happy later."
16 “你有很多时间。你不需要马上从事一份报酬丰厚的工作。你需要找出你现在真正享受的是什么，因为如果你不这样做，你以后就不会快乐。"
17 "So how do I do this?"
17 、“我该怎么做？”"
18 He thought for a moment. Then he said, "Look, it's late. Let's take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs for dinner, and we can talk more."
18 他想了一会儿。然后他说，“看，很晚了。”明天早上我们坐船出去，就你和我。也许我们可以抓些螃蟹当晚餐，我们可以多聊聊。"
19 It was a small motorboat, moored 10 minutes away, and my father had owned it for years. Early the next morning we set off along the estuary.
那 是一艘小 汽艇， 停泊 在10分钟路程的地方，我父亲拥有它很多年了。第二天一大早，我们沿着河口出发。nbsp;你好
20 There was no surf on the coastal waters at that time of day, so it was a smooth half-hour ride. "Let's see if we get lucky," he said, picking up a mesh basket with a rope attached and throwing it into the sea.
20 在那个时候，沿海的沃茨没有海浪，所以这是一个平稳的半小时车程。“让我们看看运气好不好，”他说着拿起一个系着绳子的网篮，把它扔进了海里。nbsp;你好
21 We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, "Give me a hand with this," and we hauled up the crab cage onto the deck.
21 我们等了一会儿，然后我父亲站起来说：“帮我一把，“我们 把 螃蟹 笼子 拖到甲板上 。nbsp;你好
22 Crabs fascinated me. They were so easy to catch. It wasn't just that they crawled into such an obvious trap, but it seemed as if they couldn't be bothered to crawl out again even when you took the lid off.
22 螃蟹让我着迷。他们很容易被抓住。这么明显的陷阱，他们不仅是爬进去了，而且好像就算你把盖子打开，他们也懒得再爬出来似的。nbsp;你好
23 The cage was brimming with dozens of crabs piled high on top of each other. "Why don't they try to escape?" I wondered aloud to my father.
笼子里 装满 了 几十 只螃蟹，一只摞一只。“他们为什么不逃跑？“我大声对父亲说。nbsp;你好
24 "Just watch them for a moment. Look at that one, there! He's trying to climb out, but every time the other crabs pull him back in," said my father.
24 “只是看他们一会儿。看那边那个！他想爬出来，但每次别的螃蟹都把他拉回来，”父亲说。nbsp;你好
25 As we watched, the crab climbed up the mesh toward the lid, but just as it reached the top, one of its fellow crabs reached out and pulled it back. Several times the crab tried to escape, without luck.
25 当我们看着的时候，螃蟹爬上了网，朝着盖子爬去，但是就在它爬到顶部的时候，它的一个同伴 伸出 手把它拉了回来。螃蟹几次试图逃跑，都没有成功。nbsp;你好
26 "Now watch!" said my father. "He's starting to get bored with this game."
第26 章看！“我父亲说。“他开始厌倦这个游戏了。"
27 Not only did the crab give up its lengthy struggle to escape, but it actually began to help stop other crabs from trying to escape. This was a signal of his acceptance of the easy way of life.
这 只螃蟹不仅放弃了漫长的 逃跑斗争，而且实际上开始帮助阻止其他螃蟹试图逃跑。这是他接受安逸生活方式的一个信号。nbsp;你好
28 Suddenly, I got my father's point. He looked at me. "Don't get pulled back by the others," he said. "Spend some time figuring out who you are and what you want in life. Think about what really interests you and what skills you have. Try to have some clarity about where you want to live, where you want to go, and how you want to work. And if you can't answer these questions now, then take some time to find out. Because if you don't, you'll never be happy and contented."
28 突然间，我明白了父亲的意思。他看着我。“别被其他人拉回来，”他说。“花点时间弄清楚你是谁，你想要什么样的生活。”想想你真正感兴趣的是什么，你有什么技能。想清楚你想住在哪里，想去哪里，想怎样工作。如果你现在不能回答这些问题，那就花点时间去弄清楚。因为如果你不这样做，你永远不会快乐和满足。"
29 He paused.
29 他停顿了一下。nbsp;你好
30 "So you want to travel?" he asked.
30 、“你想去旅行吗？”“他问。nbsp;你好
31 "Yes," I replied.
31 “是的，”我回答说。nbsp;你好
32 "Better get you a passport. And you want to be a writer?"
32 “最好给你弄个护照。你想当作家？"
33 "I think so."
33 “我想是的。"
34 "Interesting choice. We've never had a writer in the family," he said.
34 “有趣的选择。我们家从来没有作家，”他说。nbsp;你好
35 My father started the motor and we set off back home.
35 我父亲发动了汽车，我们出发回家。nbsp;你好
翻译策略与练习
Young people inevitably face numerous choices. We need to understand not only what fascinates us but also what society expects from us, and let our choices be guided by a correct worldview, outlook on life, and sense of values. The life experiences of preceding generations suggest that young people who choose to endure hardships will be rewarded, and those who choose to make contributions to society are the ones who deserve respect. In the new era, Chinese youth are fortunate to witness the best period of development for the Chinese nation. We should be determined to become better versions of ourselves and shoulder the responsibilities of the times.
年轻人不可避免地面临着许多选择。我们不仅要了解自己对什么感兴趣，还要了解社会对我们的期望，让我们的选择受到正确的世界观、人生观和价值观的指导。前几代人的生活经验告诉我们，选择吃苦的年轻人会得到回报，选择为社会做出贡献的人是值得尊重的。新时代，中国青年有幸见证了中华民族最好的发展时期。我们要立志成为更好的自己，肩负起时代的责任。
听力练习
Self-efficacy refers to your belief in your own capabilities to accomplish a goal. It’s about believing that you can achieve whatever you 1) _______________. A high level of self-efficacy allows you to get your thoughts, feelings, and emotions 2) ____________ and improve your performance. Five methods can assist you in developing your self-efficacy. Pulling from your own 3) ___________________ is the most influential method. Witnessing others who are similar to you achieve their goals also makes you feel 4) ______________ your own success. Additionally, receiving 5) ______________, as well as coaching from others, can contribute to the growth of self-efficacy. 6) ________ yourself completing a task successfully can also be beneficial. Finally, understanding your own 7) _________________ can better prepare you to tackle challenges. As you become more proficient in utilizing these experiences and influences, your self-efficacy will continue to grow when facing similar future challenges.
自我效能感是指你相信自己有能力完成一个目标。它是关于相信你可以实现你所追求的一切。高水平的自我效能感可以让你了解自己的想法、感受和情绪，并提高你的表现。五种方法可以帮助你提高自我效能。从你自己身上拉出来 3）__________________是最有影响力的方法。目睹与你相似的人实现他们的目标也会让你感觉到自己的成功。此外，接受别人的指导和指导，也有助于自我效能的提高。6)成功地完成一项任务也是有益的。最后，了解你自己的能力可以让你更好地准备应对挑战。 随着你越来越熟练地利用这些经验和影响，你的自我效能感将在面临类似的未来挑战时继续增长。
The people in your surroundings can support you by providing positive feedback, reinforcing your strengths and capabilities, and assisting you in 8) ______________ from setbacks. Similarly, when you extend this support to others, you can help build their self-efficacy as well.
你周围的人可以通过提供积极的反馈来支持你，增强你的优势和能力，帮助你从挫折中恢复过来。同样，当你把这种支持扩展到其他人身上时，你也可以帮助他们建立自我效能感。
写：Writing
写：写作
Tell a personal growth story:
讲述一个个人成长故事：
The most memorable moment of my life
我一生中最难忘的时刻