Part A: Looking at a workplace interaction 第一部分：观察工作场所的互动
The context - The beginning of the day 背景——一天的开始
Diana, a manager of a government department, enters the office of her administrative assistant, Sally, at the beginning of the day to collect mail. They have worked together for two years. 戴安娜是政府部门的经理，每天早上她都会走进行政助理莎莉的办公室收邮件。她们已经一起工作两年了。
Thinking about context 思考背景
Working with a partner, use the context information above and complete the table: 与合作伙伴一起，使用上面的上下文信息并完成表格：
Diana and Sally 黛安娜和莎莉
High 高的
Medium 中等的
Status difference 地位差异
✓\checkmark
Level of familiarity 熟悉程度
Diana and Sally High Medium
Status difference ✓
Level of familiarity | Diana and Sally | High | Medium |
| :--- | :---: | :---: |
| Status difference | $\checkmark$ | |
| Level of familiarity | | |
2. Role-play 2.角色扮演
The first part of the conversation between Diana and Sally is provided below. Work with a partner to role-play the conversation. When you have roleplayed, write down your conversation. 以下是黛安娜和莎莉对话的第一部分。与伙伴一起扮演对话角色。角色扮演完成后，写下对话。
The conversation: 对话：
Diana: Good morning Sally, lovely day. 戴安娜：早上好，莎莉，美好的一天。 qquad\qquad
3. Comparison and analysis 3. 比较分析
a. Comparing the conversation a. 比较对话
Compare your conversation with the original conversation between Diana and Sally (see p.12). What differences do you notice? 将你的对话与黛安娜和莎莉之间的原始对话（见第 12 页）进行比较。你注意到了什么差异？
10 UNIT ONE-SMALL TALK 10 单元一-闲聊
b. Analysing the conversation b. 分析对话
a. What is the topic of the small talk? a. 闲聊的主题是什么？
b. Is the topic suitable? b. 主题是否合适？
c. How much detail is given? c. 给出了多少细节？
d. How long does the small talk last? d. 闲聊持续了多长时间？
e. What is the purpose of the small talk? e. 闲聊的目的是什么？
f. Where does the small talk come in the conversation? f. 闲聊在谈话中从何而来？
g. What can we tell about the relationship of the speakers? g. 我们能看出说话者之间的关系吗？
h. Who starts and finishes the small talk? h. 谁开始和结束闲聊？
i. What short responses are used? i. 使用了哪些简短的回答？
j. Locate the point where the small talk becomes work talk. What phrases are used to signal this transition? j. 找到闲聊变成工作谈话的点。使用哪些短语来表示这种转变？
Listen to the way the small talk is carried out. Listen in particular to: 听听闲聊是如何进行的。特别要听听：
The volume of the voices (loud or soft). 声音的音量（大或小）。
The intonation pattern of the conversation. Which words are stressed? 对话的语调模式。哪些词是重读？
The use of pauses. 停顿的使用。
The use of any sighs or inhaling and exhaling (noticeable breathing in and out). 使用任何叹息或吸气和呼气（明显的呼吸）。
c. Focus on turn-taking c. 注重轮流发言
Read the conversation again and focus on the steps taken in the dialogue. 再次阅读对话并重点关注对话中采取的步骤。
How does the dialogue begin? Brainstorm some other useful openers. 对话如何开始？集思广益，想出一些其他有用的开场白。
How many turns does each person have in the conversation? What does this illustrate? 每个人在对话中有多少次轮换？这说明了什么？
d. Cross-cultural comparison d.跨文化比较
Compare this communication style with the style used in your country. Are there any differences or similarities? 将这种沟通方式与你的国家使用的沟通方式进行比较。它们有什么不同或相似之处吗？
Diana: Good morning Sally, lovely day. 戴安娜：早上好，莎莉，美好的一天。
Sally: Yes, don’t know what we’re doing here. We should be out 萨莉：是的，不知道我们在这里干什么。我们应该出去
in the sun. 在阳光下。
Diana: Mm, pity about the work really. 黛安娜：嗯，真的很可惜这项工作。
Sally: How are your kids? 莎莉：你的孩子怎么样？
Diana: Much better thank goodness. Any mail? 黛安娜：谢天谢地，好多了。有邮件吗？
Part B: More workplace conversations for analysis B 部分：更多职场对话以供分析
Following are a further nine conversations involving people doing small talk at work. Analyse each conversation using the questions in activities 1 and 3 on the previous pages. For each conversation, fill in the table below. After looking at these examples what generalizations can you make about small talk? 以下是另外九次涉及人们在工作中闲聊的对话。使用前几页活动 1 和 3 中的问题分析每次对话。对于每次对话，填写下表。看完这些例子后，你能对闲聊做出哪些概括？
Status 地位
Level of 水平
Topic of 主题
difference 不同之处
familiarity 熟悉
Small Talk 闲聊
1
medium 中等的
high 高的
the weather 天气
Status Level of Topic of
difference familiarity Small Talk
1 medium high the weather| | Status | Level of | Topic of |
| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
| difference | familiarity | Small Talk | |
| 1 | medium | high | the weather |
Conversation 2: Before the meeting 对话 2：会议之前
Context: People are gathering for a meeting and chatting as they wait for others. Monica is the chairperson. Louise is to do a presentation. 背景：人们聚在一起开会，一边聊天一边等待其他人。莫妮卡是会议主席。路易斯要做一个演讲。
Louise: I met your, um, friend Marie Cross last night. 路易丝：昨晚我见到了你的朋友玛丽·克罗斯。
Monica: Oh good … how is she? 莫妮卡：哦，太好了……她怎么样了？
Louise: She’s fine, really lovely. 路易丝：她很好，非常可爱。
Monica: What was that at? 莫妮卡：那是什么时候？
Louise: That was at that, um, international institute thing … 路易丝：那是在那个，嗯，国际学院的事情……
Monica: Okay … this is everybody isn’t it? Except Gavin when 7. he comes … 莫妮卡：好吧……每个人都是这样的，不是吗？除了盖文，他来了……
Louise: Just tell me Monica when you think you’re ready for 9. my bit. 路易丝：当你觉得你准备好了 9 点的时候就告诉我，莫妮卡。我的。
Monica: Yeah, really I just wanted to sort of … um, sort of, just 莫妮卡：是的，我只是想……嗯，只是
use this opportunity to get a bit of a review on where we’re at with … 利用这个机会来回顾一下我们目前的情况……
Conversation 3: During a routine task 对话 3：在执行例行任务期间
Context: Helen has been delegating jobs to Rebecca, the Communications Liaison Officer for the unit. 背景：海伦一直将工作委派给该部门的通讯联络官丽贝卡。
Rebecca: I finally got the - the names transferred from the CVs 丽贝卡：我终于把简历上的名字转过来了
Helen letters yesterday. 海伦昨天来信了。
. Helen: Oh good, let’s get that one done. 海伦：哦，太好了，我们把这个做完吧。
Rebecca: Okay. 丽贝卡：好的。
Helen: Okay 海伦：好的
Rebecca: And how’s Sam? 丽贝卡：萨姆怎么样了？
Helen: He’s just fine. 海伦：他还好。
Context: Tom and Graeme pass in the corridor as Tom comes into the building. 背景：当汤姆走进大楼时，汤姆和格雷姆在走廊里经过。
Tom: Nice day out there. 汤姆：天气真好。
Graeme: Yeah, great. 格雷姆：是的，太棒了。
Conversation 5: In the lift 对话 5：在电梯里
Context: Two male colleagues of equal status, Matt and Bob, in the lift 背景：电梯里有两个地位相当的男同事，马特和鲍勃
Matt: Hi, how’s things? 马特：嗨，怎么样？
Bob: Hi, good, good … haven’t seen you for ages. How are you? 鲍勃：嗨，太好了……好久没见到你了。你还好吗？
Matt: Fine. Busy though, as always … must meet my 马特：很好。不过像往常一样忙……必须见我的
performance objectives, eh. [laughs] 绩效目标，呃。（笑）
Bob: [laughs] Yeah, me too. Ah well, see you later. 鲍勃：[笑] 是啊，我也是。好吧，待会儿见。
Matt: Yeah, bye. 马特：是的，再见。
Conversation 6: In the corridor 对话6：在走廊里
Context: Joan and Elizabeth pass in the corridor. 背景：琼和伊丽莎白在走廊里相遇。
Elizabeth: Hi Joan! 伊丽莎白：嗨，琼！
Joan: Hi, how are you? 琼：嗨，你好吗？
Elizabeth: Oh, busy busy busy! 伊丽莎白：哦，忙忙忙！
Joan: 琼：
Mm, terrible isn’t it 嗯，太可怕了，不是吗
Conversation 7: On the stair 对话 7：在楼梯上
Context: Joan and May pass on the stairs. 背景：琼和梅在楼梯上相遇。
Joan: Hello, haven’t seen you for a while. 琼：你好，有一段时间没见到你了。
May: Hi, well, I’ve been a bit busy. 梅：嗨，我最近有点忙。
Joan: Must have lunch sometime. 琼：总得找个时间一起吃午饭吧。
May: Yeah, good idea, give me a ring. 梅：好啊，好主意，给我打电话吧。
Conversation 8: Beth returns from holiday 对话 8：Beth 度假归来
Context: Manager, Hana, with her personal assistant Beth, who has just returned after a holiday 背景：经理 Hana 和她的私人助理 Beth，后者刚从假期回来
Beth: And the election briefing? 贝丝：还有选举简报吗？
Hana: Yeah, oh … I think we’ve cancelled that … you might need 哈娜：是的，哦……我想我们已经取消了……你可能需要
to check. 检查。
Beth: Yeah 贝丝：是的
Hana: 哈娜：
I’m fairly sure that’s been cancelled … The panel on Friday afternoon’s been cancelled so everyone will just have to 我相当确定那已经被取消了……周五下午的座谈会被取消了，所以每个人都必须
7. … cope on their own 7. 独自应对
Well it’s nice to have you back, welcome back. 很高兴您回来，欢迎回来。
9. Beth: Yes, had a very good holiday. 9. 贝丝：是的，假期过得很愉快。
10. Hana: And feel well rested? 10. Hana：休息得还好吗？
11. Beth: No. 11. 贝丝：不。
12. Hana: Oh well 12. Hana：好吧
13. Beth: It’s just - just been busy with my Mum. And then she had 14. me take her there and take her there and, you know … 13. 贝丝：只是——忙着照顾我妈妈。然后她让我带她去那里，你知道……
15. Hana: Oh. 15. 哈娜：哦。
16. Beth: So no, it was good. I didn’t have to worry about meals. I 16. 贝丝：所以，这很好。我不用担心吃饭问题。我
17. didn’t have to worry about bills or kids or, um, work or 17. 不用担心账单、孩子、工作或 18.quad18 . \quad anything, just me. 18.quad18 . \quad 任何事情，就我一个。
19. Hana: A holiday for you 19. Hana：为你而设的节日
20. Beth: Yeah … it was UNREAL. [laughs] 20. 贝丝：是的……太不真实了。（笑）
21. Hana: Now listen are you going to be wanting to take time off 22. 21. 哈娜：现在听我说，你是想请假吗？22.
during the school holidays? 在学校假期期间？
