- 1Department of Human Performance and Health, University of South Carolina Upstate, Spartanburg, SC, United States
1 南卡罗来纳大学北部分校人类表现与健康系,美国南卡罗来纳州斯帕坦堡 - 2College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
2 俄勒冈州立大学健康学院,美国俄勒冈州科瓦利斯
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parent ratings of motor skills and executive function (EF) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States and Taiwan.
目的: 本研究的目的是检查美国和台湾自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 儿童父母运动技能评分与执行功能 (EF) 之间的关系。
Materials and method: One hundred and seventy-two parents/legal guardians of children (4–6 years and 11 months old) with ASD were recruited from two countries, Taiwan (n = 100) and the United States (n = 72). The parents or guardians of the child with ASD completed a questionnaire including demographic information, child’s motor skills (using Children Activity Scale – Parents, ChAS-P), and child’s EF (using Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory, CHEXI). A series of hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to determine whether ChAS-P (total motor score, fine motor skills, and gross motor skill) was associated with CHEXI (total EF score, working memory, and inhibition), after controlling for covariates (i.e., age, gender, race, body mass index, whether children received physical activity or cognitive training, parental education level).
材料和方法: 从台湾 (n = 100) 和美国 (n = 72) 两个国家招募了 172 名 ASD 儿童 (4-6 岁零 11 个月) 的父母/法定监护人。ASD 儿童的父母或监护人完成了一份问卷,包括人口统计信息、儿童的运动技能(使用儿童活动量表 - 父母,ChAS-P)和儿童的 EF(使用儿童执行功能量表,CHEXI)。进行一系列分层多元回归,以确定在控制协变量 (即年龄、性别、种族、体重指数、儿童是否接受体育活动或认知训练、父母教育水平) 后,ChAS-P (总运动评分、精细运动技能和粗大运动技能) 是否与 CHEXI (总 EF 评分、工作记忆和抑制)相关。
Results: Total motor skills, fine motor skills, and gross motor skills were significantly associated with EF in both working memory and inhibition as rated by parents in both countries (β = 0.21–0.57, p < 0.01), with the exception of a non-significant association between parent-rated total motor skills, fine motor skills, and gross motor skills, and inhibition among Taiwanese children with ASD. In addition, the associations between parent ratings of motor skills (i.e., fine motor and gross motor skills) and EF (i.e., working memory and inhibition) were similar between the two countries.