What you need to know
您需要了解的内容

• After much anticipation, OpenAI dabbles in the search engine landscape with a temporary prototype dubbed SearchGPT.
  经过漫长的期待，OpenAI 凭借名为 SearchGPT 的临时原型试水搜索引擎领域。
• The AI tool will reportedly help users find quick responses and answers to queries in a conversational tone.
  据报道，这款人工智能工具将帮助用户以对话的方式快速找到问题的答案。
• Its access is limited to a few unnamed partners and publishers who will help improve its efficiency through feedback.
  目前，只有少数未透露姓名的合作伙伴和出版商可以使用它，他们将通过反馈帮助提高其效率。

Rumors about OpenAI venturing into the search engine landscape with a ChatGPT-powered alternative have been hitting the headlines for a hot minute. While CEO Sam Altman seemingly placed those plans on the back burner a few days before launching the magical GPT-4o model with reasoning capabilities, the company recently made its debut in the landscape with SearchGPT — "a temporary prototype of new AI search features that give you fast and timely answers with clear and relevant sources."
关于 OpenAI 将进军搜索引擎领域，并推出一款由 ChatGPT 支持的替代产品的传言甚嚣尘上。 虽然首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼似乎在推出具有推理能力的神奇 GPT-4o 模型的几天前搁置了这些计划，但该公司最近还是凭借SearchGPT 在该领域首次亮相——“这是一款全新人工智能搜索功能的临时原型，可以为您提供快速及时的答案，并附带清晰相关的来源。”

According to OpenAI, the new AI-powered search engine will help users find quick responses and answers to queries in a conversational tone. The tool will compile comprehensive links to provide additional context to the answer provided. SearchGPT sources information from the internet and publishers who've signed exclusive deals with OpenAI to use their data.
OpenAI 表示，这款全新的人工智能搜索引擎将以对话的语气帮助用户快速找到问题的答案和回应。该工具将汇编全面的链接，为提供的答案提供更多上下文信息。SearchGPT 的信息来源包括互联网以及与 OpenAI 签署了独家协议、允许使用其数据的出版商。

OpenAI has limited the tool's access to a few unnamed partners and publishers. The tech firm will use the feedback from the publishers to improve the search tool's reliability and efficiency.
OpenAI 限制了该工具对一些未透露姓名的合作伙伴和出版商的访问权限。这家科技公司将利用出版商的反馈来提高搜索工具的可靠性和效率。

The AI-powered search engine landscape is not a new phenomenon. Microsoft was among the first companies to debut an AI-powered search engine — Copilot (formerly Bing Chat), which relies on OpenAI's LLMs for its functionalities.
人工智能搜索引擎领域并非新鲜事物。微软是最早推出人工智能搜索引擎的公司之一，其产品 Copilot（前身为 Bing Chat）依靠 OpenAI 的 LLMs 来实现其功能。

A lot of work needs to be done to get the AI search engine right
要打造出完善的人工智能搜索引擎，还有很多工作要做。

AI-powered chatbots rely heavily on copyrighted content from the internet and publishers, brewing controversies over copyright infringement-related issues. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman admitted it's impossible to develop AI tools like ChatGPT without copyrighted material and added that copyright law doesn't prohibit using content to train AI models.
人工智能聊天机器人严重依赖来自互联网和出版商的版权内容，引发了关于版权侵权相关问题的争议。OpenAI 首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼承认，如果没有版权材料，就不可能开发出 ChatGPT 这样的人工智能工具，并补充说，版权法并不禁止使用内容来训练人工智能模型。

While this remains a constant battle between publishers and developers, AI tools continue to steal borrow information from internet sources. But this doesn't necessarily make them any better at generating responses. 
虽然这仍然是出版商和开发者之间持续不断的斗争，但人工智能工具仍在继续从互联网资源中窃取 借用信息。但这并不一定能让他们在生成回应方面做得更好。

Google's AI Overview feature brewed controversy and backlash from users after generating erroneous responses to queries, including recommending eating rocks and glue. The company addressed the issue and pointed fingers at a 'data void' of contextual topics coupled with faked screenshots.
谷歌的人工智能概述功能在生成对查询的错误回应后，引发了用户争议和强烈反对，包括建议食用石头和胶水。该公司解决了这个问题，并将矛头指向缺乏上下文主题的“数据空白”以及伪造的屏幕截图。

More recently, Reddit blocked Microsoft from crawling through its content for Bing, leaving users high and dry after breaking search results for everyone but Google. It'll be interesting to watch OpenAI face these challenges amid claims of being on the verge of bankruptcy. 
最近，Reddit 阻止微软抓取其内容用于必应，导致除了谷歌之外，所有用户的搜索结果都被破坏，这让他们无所适从。看着 OpenAI 在濒临破产的传言中如何应对这些挑战，将会是一件很有意思的事情。

What you need to know
您需要了解的内容

• A massive outage caused by a CrowdStrike bug caused 8.5 million PCs to crash and affeted countless people and businesses.
  CrowdStrike 的一个漏洞导致了大规模宕机，造成 850 万台电脑崩溃，无数人和企业受到影响。
• The outage was caused by a CrowdStrike update with a bug that was able to affect PCs due to the app having kernel access to Windows 11.
  这次宕机是由 CrowdStrike 更新中的一个漏洞引起的，该漏洞能够影响电脑，因为它可以访问 Windows 11 的内核。
• In response to the outage, Microsoft appears to be interested in moving away from security software having Windows 11 kernel access.
  为了应对这次宕机，微软似乎有意改变安全软件拥有 Windows 11 内核访问权限的现状。

The recent CrowdStrike outage caused 8.5 million PCs to crash, affected millions of people, and potentially cost businesses billions of dollars. Referred to by many as the "digital pandemic," the outage has drawn response from CrowdStrike, Microsoft, and security experts. The outage was caused by a CrowdStrike bug, and Microsoft is looking into options that could make similar outages impossible in the future.
近期的 CrowdStrike 宕机 导致 850 万台电脑崩溃，数百万用户受到影响，并可能给企业造成数十亿美元的损失。这次宕机被许多人称为“数字疫情”，CrowdStrike、微软和安全专家都对此做出了回应。该宕机是由 CrowdStrike 的一个漏洞引起的，微软正在研究可以杜绝未来发生类似宕机的方案。

"The recent CrowdStrike incident underscores the need for mission-critical resiliency within every organization, and our unique ability to support the change required," said Microsoft's John Cable, vice president of program management for Windows servicing and delivery.
“最近发生的 CrowdStrike 事件 凸显了每个组织都需要具备任务关键型弹性的必要性，以及我们支持所需变革的独特能力，”微软负责 Windows 服务和交付的项目管理副总裁 John Cable 说道。

CrowdStrike, and some other pieces of security software, run at a kernel level on Windows 11. That setup gives security tools like CrowdStrike access to a PC's memory and parts of the operating system usually closed off to other applications. This is possible at the moment because kernel access allows a piece of software to monitor a system, but it also means that a faulty driver in something like CrowdStrike can cause a PC to crash.
CrowdStrike 和其他一些安全软件在 Windows 11 上的内核级别运行。这种设置使 CrowdStrike 等安全工具能够访问 PC 内存和操作系统中通常对其他应用程序关闭的部分。目前之所以可行，是因为内核访问允许软件监控系统，但这也意味着 CrowdStrike 等软件中的驱动程序出现故障会导致 PC 崩溃。

Cable explained that the recent CrowdStrike outage "shows clearly that Windows must prioritize change and innovation in the area of end-to-end resilience." While Cable did not specifically say that Microsoft will shift security software away from having kernel access, the examples he shared are for security methods that do not require accessing the Windows kernel.
Cable 解释说，最近的 CrowdStrike 故障“清楚地表明，Windows 必须优先考虑端到端弹性领域的变革和创新。” 尽管 Cable 没有明确表示微软将取消安全软件的内核访问权限，但他分享的例子都是不需要访问 Windows 内核的安全方法。

VBS enclaves, which Cable highlighted, does not require kernel access. Microsoft Azure Attestation service is another security measure that could protect systems without putting a PC at the same risks presented by an app having kernel access.
Cable 强调的 VBS 飞地不需要内核访问权限。Microsoft Azure 证明服务是另一种安全措施，可以在不使 PC 面临应用程序拥有内核访问权限所带来的相同风险的情况下保护系统。

"These examples use modern Zero Trust approaches and show what can be done to encourage development practices that do not rely on kernel access," said Cable. "We will continue to develop these capabilities, harden our platform, and do even more to improve the resiliency of the Windows ecosystem, working openly and collaboratively with the broad security community."
“这些示例使用了现代零信任方法，并展示了如何鼓励不依赖内核访问的开发实践，”Cable 说道。“我们将继续开发这些功能，强化我们的平台，并采取更多措施来提高 Windows 生态系统的弹性，与广泛的安全社区公开协作。”

If Microsoft moved away from allowing security apps to have kernel access, a buggy update from CrowdStrike or another app would not be able to cause PCs to crash. Other types of attacks would still be possible, of course, as cybersecurity is incredibly complex, but the specific type of issue that caused the CrowdStrike outage would not be possible.
如果微软不再允许安全应用程序拥有内核访问权限，那么 CrowdStrike 或其他应用程序的错误更新将无法导致 PC 崩溃。当然，其他类型的攻击仍然是可能的，因为网络安全极其复杂，但导致 CrowdStrike 故障的特定类型的问题将不再出现。

What was the CrowdStrike outage?
CrowdStrike 故障是什么？

The CrowdStrike outage was an incident that saw 8.5 million PCs crash and show the "Blue Screen of Death" (BSoD). The situation caused planes to be grounded, banks to be affected, and emergency services to go down. It was one of the largest outages of its kind to ever occur, and it will likely have serious ramifications across several sectors.
CrowdStrike 故障导致 850 万台电脑崩溃并显示“蓝屏死机”(BSoD)。这种情况导致飞机停飞、银行受到影响和紧急服务中断。这是有史以来规模最大的此类故障之一，可能会对多个行业产生严重影响。

The outage was caused by a buggy driver update sent out by CrowdStrike, but the issue only affected PCs running Windows. Because of that fact, some called the incidnet the "Microsoft outage." While Microsoft was not directly at fault for the issue, systems running the tech giant's operating system were the ones to crash, so Microsoft has had to look at solutions.
这次故障是由 CrowdStrike 发送的一个有缺陷的驱动程序更新引起的，但该问题仅影响运行 Windows 的电脑。由于这一事实，一些人将此事件称为“微软故障”。虽然微软对该问题没有直接责任，但运行这家科技巨头操作系统的系统却崩溃了，因此微软不得不寻找解决方案。

Microsoft released a CrowdStrike recovery tool, which has since been updated to support multiple recovery methods.
微软发布了一个CrowdStrike 恢复工具，该工具后来更新为支持多种恢复方法。

Several memes were made about the CrowdStrike outage, and there were people who enjoyed a surprise day off, but the situation was quite serious. There's a good chance that billions of people were affected by the outage, at least indirectly. Businesses have also lost money due to services being down.
人们制作了几个关于 CrowdStrike 故障的表情包，有些人享受了意外的休息日，但情况相当严重。数十亿人很有可能受到此次故障的影响，至少是间接受到影响。由于服务中断，企业也损失了资金。